Nursing has evolved significantly over the past 100 years. Contemporary nursing now encompasses many advanced roles beyond traditional bedside care. These roles include nurse administrator, nurse scientist, nurse educator, legal nurse consultant, forensic nurse, nurse entrepreneur, nurse case manager, registered nurse first assistant, certified registered nurse anesthetist, nurse-midwife, and clinical nurse specialist. Contemporary nursing allows nurses to work independently and collaboratively across various specialties and healthcare settings to provide efficient care using nursing knowledge and skills. Regulations vary by country but generally provide authority for advanced practice nurses to diagnose, prescribe treatment, admit patients, and refer to other professionals.

1. THE GLIMPSE OF CONTEMPORARYNURSING
The pioneerof modernNursingFlorence Nightingale [1860,] definednursingovera100 yearsago that
nursingisthe act of utilizingthe environmentof the patienttoassisthiminhisrecovery.Currently,
AmericanAssociationof nursingusesthisdefinitionof nursingsaying‘Nursingisthe protection,
promotion,andoptimizationof illnessandinjury,alleviationof sufferingthroughthe diagnosisand
treatmentof humanresponse,andadvocacyinthe care of individuals,families,communities,and
populations.NURSESTOTHE RESCUE ‘Thisphrase encouragesme towant to be a nurse, thisis a fact
nurse have alwaysbeenanintegral partinthe dispensingof primaryhealth care. The nursingpractice
providesefficientindependentandcollaborativeserviceall overthe world. Anditconcludeswiththe
scope the SKY IS THE LIMIT for a nursingstudent.Theyare some advancednursingrolesin
contemporarynursingandtheyinclude Nursingadministrator,aNurse scientist,Nurse Educator,Nurse
legal consultant,ForensicNurse,Nurse entrepreneursorNurse-ledclinics,Nursecase managers,RN-
firstassistant,certifiedregisteredNurse anesthetist,Nurse-midwiferypractitioner,clinical nurse
specialist,aNurse practitioner.
Nursingadministrator:This partof nursingconsists of nurse managers,principal state nursing
superintendent,headnurses,modernmatronorhospital nursingdirectors,directorof healthservices,
presidentvoluntarynursingassociation,presidentIndiannursingcouncilorassociate counsel.We also
have the Nurse scientist:Theyare alsocalledNurse researchers,inthispartof nursingtheyhelpinthe
developmentof newnursingmodelsandtheories,withcollaborative researchroleswithnursesorother
healthcare professionals andmembersof the community.
Nurse educator:Thisis anotherbranch of nursingwhere a nurse teachesandprepareslicensedpractical
nurses[LPN]andregisterednurses[RN]forentryintopractice positions.Theyalsoteachinvarious
patientcare settingstoprovide continuingeducationtolicensednursingstaff.Theyalsoteachin
graduate programsat mastersanddoctoral level whichprepare advancedpractice nurses,nurse

2. educators,nurse administrator,nurse researchers,andleadersincomplex healthcare andeducational
organizations.We alsohave aLegal nurse consultant[LNC]:Thispartof nursingcontainsregistered
nurseswho're as expertise asahealthcare providerandisalsospecializedin trainingtoconsultingon
medical-relatedlegal cases.Inc'sassistattorneysinreadingmedical recordsandunderstandingmedical
terminologyandhealthcare issuestoachieve the bestresultsfortheirclients.Theyare alsodefinedasa
special practice of nursingnotingthatthe professionalfoundationisfirstandforemostnursing.
Forensicnurse:Theyare the firsttrained nurse, withatypicallyanRN degree,theychose totake
additional trainingeitherapostgraduate certificate ordoctorate level ormastersworkin forensics.
These extrastudiestrainthe nursesnottoonlydeliverhealth care, butalso(investigate the potential of
someone whohasbeeninjuredthroughacriminal behaviororbylack of appropriate are that could
constitute hazardouscircumstancesor criminal negligence.The forensicnursesworkina numberof
fieldsandinmanyareas,these specialize findemploymentareassuchasexaminingthe dead,sexual
assaultnurse'sexaminers,employeesincoroner'soffices,treatgunshotvictims,thosesuspectedof
havingbeenvictimsof rape andothers).
Nurse entrepreneurs:Nurse-ledclinicsare basedonwhat nursingactivitiesare performedatthe site.
The nurseswithinthe ledclinicassume theirownpatient caseloads,theyprovide aneducativerole to
patientstopromote health,theyalsoprovide psychological supportandmonitorthe patient’s condition
and performnursinginterventions.Theytypicallyfocusonchronicdisease managementcondition
where regularfollow-upandexpertise is requiredalsowhere apatientmaynotnecessarily needtosee
a physicianateveryvisit,mostof the ledclinicsuse nursingtheoryandknowledge toeducate patients
and formcare plansto manage theirconditions.

3. Nurse case managers:Thisfieldof nursingcoordinate care forpatientsreceivinglong-termtherapy.
Theyprovide optimal timinginall aspectsof treatment,forpatientswithcancer,theycoordinatethe
surgery,visits,andradiationtheyalsospecialize inspecificareassuchas children,geriatricsorAIDS.
Registerednurse firstassistant:The RN firstassistantcollaborateswiththe surgeonandthe healthcare
teamin performingasafe operationwithoptimaloutcomes forthe patient. The RN firstassistant
practicesperioperative nursingandmusthave acquiredthe necessaryknowledge skillsandjudgment
specifictoclinical practice. The RN firstassistantpracticesin collaboration withandatthe directionof
the surgeonduringthe intraoperativeexperience.The RN firstassistantdoesnotconcurrentlyfunction
a scrub nurse.
Certifiedregisterednurse anesthetist:(RNAStake theirpatientsthroughthe entireoperative process
inducingsleep,monitoringvital signs,adjustinganesthesialevels,andwakingthe patientaftersurgery.
Nurse anesthesiaprovidersandCNSpractice ineverypart of the country,delivereverytype of
anestheticandworkineverysettingwhichanesthesiacare isdelivered.
Nurse-midwiferypractioner:Thisisthe areaI wouldlike tofunctioninasa nurse theyare independent
managementof normal vaginal deliveriesandantenatal andpost-natal healthmanagementandmay
alsoprovide referral servicesif handlingacase needsmore medical specialistexpertise.Itisthe first
practitionerprogramtobe approvedbythe Indiannursingcouncil Delhi.
Clinical nurse specialist:Thisbranchof nursingprovide care incardiac, oncology,neonatal,pediatric,
and obstetricorgynecological nursing.
Thisbringsme to the nature of the practice of a nurse practitioner{I.C.N} These nursesperform
integratedresearch,education,practice,andmanagement.Theyhave ahighdegree of professional
autonomyandpractice.Theyhave case managementandindependentcaseload,withadvancedhealth
assessmentskills,decision-makingskills,anddiagnosticreasoningskills,recognizedadvancedclinical

4. competence,provisionof consultantservicestothe healthproviders,plansimplementandevaluate
programs,recognizedfirstpointcontactsforclients.
RegulatorymechanismsinContemporaryNursing
Country-specificregulationswhichunderpinNappractice
- The right to diagnose,authoritytoprescribe medication,authoritytoprescribe treatment,
authoritytoreferclientstootherprofessionals,authoritytoadmitthe patientstohospitals,
legislationtoconferandprotect‘Nurse advance practice Nurse’legislationorsome formof
regulatorymechanismspecifictoadvance practice nurses.Officialtitlesfornursesworkingin
advance practice roles.