implication for patient care

1. THE DIAGNOSTIC
PROCESS
PRESENTED BY:- GOUNSIA AMIN

2. THE DIAGNOSTIC PROCESS
• Diagnosis has important implications for patient care,
research, and policy.
• Diagnosis has been described as both a process and a
classification scheme, or a “pre-existing set of categories
agreed upon by the medical profession to designate a specific
condition” (Jutel.2009).
• When a diagnosis is accurate and made in a timely manner, a
patient has the best oppurtunity for a positive health
outcome because clinical decision making will be tailored to a
correct understanding of the patient’s health problem.
(HOLMBOE AND DURNING 2014)
• The diagnostic process is a complex transition that begins with
the patient’s individual illness history and ulminates in a result
that can be categorized.

3. Steps in the Diagnostic process
• Taking an appropriate history of symptoms and collecting
relevant data.
• Physical examination.
• Generating a provisional and differential diagnosis.
• Testing (ordering, reviewing, and acting on test results).
• Reaching a final diagnosis.
• Consultation(referral to seek clarification if indicated).
• Providing discharge instructions, mointoring, and follow up.
• Documenting these steps and the rationale for discussions
made.

4. .

5. PARTS OF DIAGNOSIS
PARTS OF
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis
Sequence
Analysis of
Symptom
Comprehensive
Diagnosis
Clinical Elevation
Abbreviated
Evaluation
Comprehensive
Dental Elevation

6. DIAGNOSIS SEQUENCE
 Detection and examination of abnormality.
 History and examination of patient.
 Re-examination.
 Classification of abnormality.
 List of all possible diagnosis.
 Development of differential diagnosis.
 Developmental of working diagnosis.
 Final Diagnosis.

7. .

8. .
• Diagnostic sequence involves:-
a. Statistical way of finding normal.
b. Ethics
c. Normal Anatomy.

9. Analysis involves six parts:-
Analysis
Tooth
Complaint
Total Duration
of that symptom
Onset of the
Symptom
Precipitating
of Onset
Manner of
Symptom
Date of
Onset
Characteristics of
Symptom
Nature
Severity
Location
Radiation
Temporal
features
Aggrevating
factors
Relieving
factors
Associated constitutional
symptoms
Course of
Symptom since
onset
Progress of
the symptom
Prior thearpy
Type Of
Therapy
Provider
Date of
thearpy
Other
Information

10. .
AGGREVATED
PHYSICAL
ELEVATION
CLINICAL AND
RECALL
EMERGENCY
EVALUATION
COMPREHENSIVE
DENTAL
EVALUATION
PATIENT HISTORY
CLINICAL
EXAMINATION
PROVISIONAL AND
DIFFERENTIAL
DIAGNOSIS
TESTING
TREATMENT
PLANNING

11. COMPREHENSIVE DENTAL TREATMENT
INVOLVES:-
• ROUTINE NEW PATIENTS.
• RECALLED PATIENTS WHO HAS PHYSICAL SIGNIFICANT AND DENTAL
STATUS.
• PATIENTS WHI HAS COMPLEX PROBLEM REFFERED TO CONSULTATION

12. COMPREHENSIVE DENTAL TREATMENT
a
• CHIEF COMPLAINT AND HISTORY
b
• BIOGRAPHIC DATA
C
• SOCIAL HISTORY

13. .
d
• FAMILY HISTORY
e
• BEHAVIOURAL AND EMOTIONAL HISTORY
f
• MEDICAL HISTORY AND IMMEDIATE PROBLEMS
g
• DENTAL HISTORY

14. TREATMENT PLAN AND RECOMMENDATION
 TO MANAGE PRIORITY PROBLEM.
 TO CONTROL AND ELIMINATE DISEASES.
 TO RESTORE FUNCTION AND ESTHETICS.
 TO REVALUATE THE PREVIOUS CASE HISTORY.
 TO RECALL THE PATIENT FOR FURTHER REVALUATIONB AND TREATMENT.

15. SCREENING AND RECALL EVALUATION
SCREENING INVOLVES:-
i. FOR EXAMINING LARGE NUMBER OF PATIENTS
ii. CONSULTATION
iii. STATUS OF PATIENT AFTER THEARPY HAS BEEN COMPLETED.
RECALL EVALUATION HAS THREE OBJECTIVES:-
a) TO EVALUATE ANY PROGRESSION OF DISEASES.
b) TO EVALUATE EFFECTIVENESS OF DISEASES.
c) TO HELP IN REASSESMENT OF PROGNOSIS.

16. EMERGENCY TREATMENT
 AGGREVATIVE HISTORY.
 SUPERFICIAL CLINICAL EXAMINATION WITH EMPHASIS ON THE MAJOR
AREA OF COMPLAINT.
 SELECTIVE RADIOGRAPHY.
 DIAGNOSIS.
 EMERGENCY TREATMENT REVALUATION.

17. CLINICAL DENTAL EVALUATION
• EXTRA ORAL
• INTRAORAL
• NEUROLOGICAL.