The document introduces test-driven development (TDD) and provides examples of using it with Ruby and JavaScript. It explains that testing is not the same as TDD, and that test-first is a form of TDD where the tests are written before the code. Examples are given for building a FizzBuzz program and converting numbers to Roman numerals using TDD in a test-first approach with Ruby and JavaScript libraries. The document encourages thinking about the desired outcomes before implementing solutions in a straightforward way and making the solutions simpler.