The document discusses how technological advancements have shaped employment patterns over different eras: - In the Stone Age, employment revolved around hunting, gathering, and basic agriculture for survival. - During the Industrial Age, the focus shifted to factory-based jobs in industrialized economies like factory workers and machinists. Specialized roles like engineers and managers also emerged. - The Information Age saw the rise of jobs related to information technology, software development, data analysis, and digital marketing as the economy became more information-driven and remote work opportunities grew. The shifts in employment have mainly been driven by advancements in technology transforming the needs of the economy over time.

1. 1.7 Shifts in employment due to technological advancement
• Technology is a growing thing.
• Analyzing the growth of technology, it has always affected the lifestyle and
employment of people.
• From the stone age to now, changes in the pattern of employment has
occurred drastically.
Information age employment
Stone and iron Age Equipment
Source: cnet.com Source: twave.com

2. Jobs in Stone Age, Industry Age
Stone Age
• Hunter-gatherer Economy: Humans relied
on hunting, gathering, and basic
agriculture for sustenance.
• The primary jobs revolved around survival
and meeting basic needs.
• Jobs included hunters, gatherers,
toolmakers, craftsmen, and fire tenders.
Industrial Age
• The focus shifted from agrarian economies to
industrialization.
• Rise of factory-based jobs such as factory workers,
machinists, mechanics, and assembly line workers
• As industries grew, there was an increasing need for
specialized skills like engineers, technicians,
managers, accountant.

3. Jobs in Information Age
• Characterized by rapid advancement of technology, digitization, and the
widespread availability of information.
• With the rise of computers, the internet, and digital technologies, jobs
related to information technology (IT), software development, data
analysis, cybersecurity, and digital marketing emerged.
• As the economy became more information-driven, there was a greater
demand for knowledge workers
• The Information Age also witnessed the growth of remote work and the
gig economy. Freelancers, consultants, and remote workers leveraged
technology to work independently or on-demand

4.  The beginning of civilization which is called agricultural age, employment of people was as an agricultural
worker.
 With technological advancement, employment of people shifted from agricultural worker to factory worker
in industrial age.
 With further advancement in technology, the employment of people shifted to as a knowledge worker in
information age.
 The Shift in employment is mainly due to advancement in technology.
Source: pikwizard.com Source: pikwizard.com Source: pikwizard.com
Summary

5. Major Technological Advancements:
•Internet and IOT.
•Automation
•Artificial Intelligence (AI)
•Robotics
•Machine Learning
•Social Media
These advancements in the Information Age have shaped the way we access information,
communicate, conduct business, and interact with technology.
 They continue to drive innovation, reshape industries, and provide opportunities for further
development in a digitally connected world.

6. Automation and Job Displacement
Automation in
Manufacturing
• The adoption of automated systems and
robotics in manufacturing has led to
significant job displacement.
• Many routine tasks that were once
performed by humans are now handled
by machines, increasing efficiency but
reducing the need for human workers.
Automation in Service
Industry
• The service industry has also witnessed
job displacement due to automation.
• Self-service kiosks, chatbots, and
automated systems have replaced certain
roles previously held by human
employees, impacting employment levels
in sectors such as retail, hospitality, and
customer support.

7. • Employment is shifting from blue collar industries to high-tech industries by replacing manual labor with
machinery and advanced equipments.
• Self-service kiosks, chatbots, and automated systems have replaced certain roles previously held by
human employees
Source: quora.com Source: ford.com
Worker welding machinery parts Worker assembling vehicle with advanced machinery
Source: scnsoft.com
Source: scnsoft.com
Chatbot service Kiosk Service

8. Which industry sectors could see the highest rates of
automation?
Source: PIAAC data, PwC analysis

9. • Technology is conventionally thought to have eliminated the need for many labor jobs as the new
equipments can provide the necessary replacement.
• On the other hand recent study shows that technology has created more jobs than it has eliminated.
• According to a report by the World Economic Forum, automation is expected to displace around 75
million jobs by 2025
• On the other hand, it will create around 133 million new roles.
• The rise of the gig economy and freelance work is also attributed to technological advancements.
Robots work on Tesla car Workers handling customers at shopping mall
Source: tesla.com Source: wallmart.com
Do you think new technology could cause mass unemployment?

10. Source: vox.com

11. Conclusion
Technological advancements are reshaping the employment landscape, bringing both challenges
and opportunities.
While automation may lead to job loss in some areas, it also creates new job opportunities and
and the long term net effect should be positive for the economy as a whole.
The workforce needs to adapt and acquire new skills to thrive in an increasingly technology-
driven world.
Business and government need to work together to ensure that as many people as possible
share in the benefits from these new technologies.

12. Thank you for listening!