Over the centuries, educators have complained about students' dependence on new writing and calculating technologies, seeing them as luxuries that distract from learning. Quotes from 1703 to 1950 criticize slates, paper, pen and ink, fountain pens, ballpoint pens, and handheld calculators. However, each new technology was adopted and the criticisms faded. The passage suggests this pattern will continue as computers revolutionize education.

1. Technology and Education

3. "Students today depend upon paper too much. They don’t know how to write on slate without getting chalk dust all over themselves. They can’t clean a slate properly. What will they do when they run out of paper?" -Principal’s Association, 1815

10. http://www.clan.org.au/images/2978.jpg http://www.friedlandindustries.com/images/new/White%20Paper.JPG http://www.selfdefence.com/images/blade/hidden/210502-BK.jpg http://www.sxc.hu/pic/m/m/ma/malsicuro/750795_green_fountain_pen_and_ink_bottle.jpg http://platinumgiftstore.com/images/uploads/506_HR_20060825153015fountain.jpg http://www.flickr.com/photos/30492010@N04/3008870982/?edited=1 http://www.flickr.com/photos/30492010@N04/3008870926/in/photostream?edited=1 http://www.flickr.com/photos/30492010@N04/3008870840/in/photostream?edited=1