1) The document discusses jOOQ, an object-oriented SQL library that allows writing SQL queries in Java in a type-safe, fluent, and injection-safe manner.
2) jOOQ uses a domain-specific language (DSL) to write SQL queries, requiring only 1 minute of setup. It supports automatic database modeling and generates Java classes from the database schema.
3) The document provides examples of common SQL queries like selects, inserts, filters, joins, and group by written using the jOOQ DSL in a concise and readable way compared to traditional string-based SQL.