The document discusses the Symbol data type in JavaScript, which provides unique identifiers for object properties. Symbol values can be used as identifiers for object properties, and Symbols are not enumerable, so property names using Symbols will not show up in for-in loops or Object.keys(). The document shows examples of creating Symbols and using them to set unique, non-enumerable properties on objects. It also discusses using Symbols with the toStringTag method to customize object string representations.