Company account depicts the financial position of the organization taking into consideration of trading a/c, P&L a/c, Balance sheet.
Please Like, Comment and Share.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of finance teams in modern organizations. It describes how the CFO now plays a strategic role similar to the CEO in driving growth and shareholder value. The controller takes on operational finance responsibilities. Typical teams include the controller, corporate development, investor relations, and transaction processing. Key priorities for large finance teams include invoicing, management reporting, and collection despite many competing projects. Standardizing processes and using integrated systems can help address challenges.
The document discusses key aspects of finance and financial systems including that finance provides funds for activities rather than being equivalent to money. It outlines the constituents of a financial system such as financial markets, instruments, and intermediaries that facilitate the flow of funds from surplus to deficit areas. Various financial intermediaries, instruments, and markets are described including those involved in currencies, government securities, capital markets, money markets, and more. Issues and concerns related to the financial sector are also summarized such as profitability, competition, awareness, and transparency.
The document provides an overview of a commercial bank's balance sheet. It explains that the balance sheet shows a bank's assets on the right side and liabilities on the left side, and that assets must equal liabilities plus capital. Major assets include cash, balances with other banks, loans and investments. Major liabilities include deposits from customers, borrowings from other banks, and capital from shareholders. The balance sheet gives an overall picture of the bank's financial position and performance.
The document summarizes key components of the Indian financial system, including informal and formal financial institutions, banking and non-banking financial companies, financial markets (money market and capital market), financial instruments (cash and derivative), and financial services (banking, foreign exchange, investment, and insurance services). It describes various types of financial institutions like commercial banks, cooperative banks, development banks, payment banks, and non-banking financial companies. It also discusses regulatory institutions like RBI and different components of financial markets.
The document provides an overview of the Indian securities market, including its key segments and participants. It discusses the primary market process for floating new issues through public offerings, rights issues, and private placements. It also summarizes the roles of various intermediaries like merchant bankers and registrars involved in the issuance process. Additionally, it covers secondary market trading and settlement, and describes the structure and regulation of the Indian financial system.
1) The document discusses the importance of maintaining proper accounts and having responsible individuals make accurate accounting entries.
2) It describes the key roles and features of accounting work like regularity, meticulousness, and understanding basic accounting concepts.
3) Maintaining accurate accounting records is essential as it allows generation of key financial reports and ensures the legality and accuracy of the company's financial performance and position.
Trade is the exchange of financial securities and products for cash. The trade life cycle involves several steps from initiating the trade through settlement. It includes: (1) trade initiation and execution by placing an order on an exchange, (2) trade capture by internally booking the trade, (3) trade validation and enrichment by verifying trade details, and (4) trade confirmation and settlement by exchanging cash for securities on the settlement date. Reconciliation also matches ledgers to ensure correct accounting of all trades.
Company account depicts the financial position of the organization taking into consideration of trading a/c, P&L a/c, Balance sheet.
Please Like, Comment and Share.
The document discusses the roles and responsibilities of finance teams in modern organizations. It describes how the CFO now plays a strategic role similar to the CEO in driving growth and shareholder value. The controller takes on operational finance responsibilities. Typical teams include the controller, corporate development, investor relations, and transaction processing. Key priorities for large finance teams include invoicing, management reporting, and collection despite many competing projects. Standardizing processes and using integrated systems can help address challenges.
The document discusses key aspects of finance and financial systems including that finance provides funds for activities rather than being equivalent to money. It outlines the constituents of a financial system such as financial markets, instruments, and intermediaries that facilitate the flow of funds from surplus to deficit areas. Various financial intermediaries, instruments, and markets are described including those involved in currencies, government securities, capital markets, money markets, and more. Issues and concerns related to the financial sector are also summarized such as profitability, competition, awareness, and transparency.
The document provides an overview of a commercial bank's balance sheet. It explains that the balance sheet shows a bank's assets on the right side and liabilities on the left side, and that assets must equal liabilities plus capital. Major assets include cash, balances with other banks, loans and investments. Major liabilities include deposits from customers, borrowings from other banks, and capital from shareholders. The balance sheet gives an overall picture of the bank's financial position and performance.
The document summarizes key components of the Indian financial system, including informal and formal financial institutions, banking and non-banking financial companies, financial markets (money market and capital market), financial instruments (cash and derivative), and financial services (banking, foreign exchange, investment, and insurance services). It describes various types of financial institutions like commercial banks, cooperative banks, development banks, payment banks, and non-banking financial companies. It also discusses regulatory institutions like RBI and different components of financial markets.
The document provides an overview of the Indian securities market, including its key segments and participants. It discusses the primary market process for floating new issues through public offerings, rights issues, and private placements. It also summarizes the roles of various intermediaries like merchant bankers and registrars involved in the issuance process. Additionally, it covers secondary market trading and settlement, and describes the structure and regulation of the Indian financial system.
1) The document discusses the importance of maintaining proper accounts and having responsible individuals make accurate accounting entries.
2) It describes the key roles and features of accounting work like regularity, meticulousness, and understanding basic accounting concepts.
3) Maintaining accurate accounting records is essential as it allows generation of key financial reports and ensures the legality and accuracy of the company's financial performance and position.
Trade is the exchange of financial securities and products for cash. The trade life cycle involves several steps from initiating the trade through settlement. It includes: (1) trade initiation and execution by placing an order on an exchange, (2) trade capture by internally booking the trade, (3) trade validation and enrichment by verifying trade details, and (4) trade confirmation and settlement by exchanging cash for securities on the settlement date. Reconciliation also matches ledgers to ensure correct accounting of all trades.
The document discusses the important role that commercial banks play in facilitating international trade and business. It describes how banks provide key services such as trade financing through letters of credit, foreign exchange, loans, and other services that allow money and goods to flow globally. Without these services provided by commercial banks, international finance and import/export would not function as efficiently.
Roles & functions of various types of banksAbhishek Rane
This document outlines the roles and functions of various types of banks in India. It discusses commercial banks that accept deposits and provide loans and financial services. It notes that commercial banks can be public sector banks that are majority government owned or private sector banks that are privately owned. It also describes regional rural banks that provide credit to small farmers and laborers, cooperative banks that finance rural development, and the central bank that issues currency, regulates foreign exchange, and develops the financial system.
Basic Financial Concepts-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
The three main tasks of a finance manager are to measure income or return, measure risk, and understand the risk-return trade-off. To measure income, a manager calculates return on investment by relating operating profit to capital employed. Measuring risk involves determining systematic risk from unsystematic risk using tools like standard deviation, sensitivity analysis, and beta factors. Finally, the risk-return trade-off examines how additional risk can impact potential returns.
Dynamics of indian finacial markets b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document provides an overview of the Indian financial markets, including the capital market and money market. It discusses the key components and players in each market, as well as the various instruments that are traded. The capital market is for long-term funds and includes stocks, bonds, and government securities. The money market is for short-term funds and includes treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and other short-term debt instruments. Stock exchanges facilitate trading in the capital market, while the money market involves direct dealings between institutions.
Coceptual Framework Of Mergers & Acquisitions-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
The document discusses conceptual frameworks related to mergers, acquisitions, and corporate restructuring. It outlines different types of deals and categorizes motives into strategic, financial, and organizational motives. Strategic motives include growth, competition, synergies, and diversification. Financial motives include investment of funds and increasing shareholder value. Organizational motives include management compulsions and becoming a multinational corporation. Theories discussed include efficiency, information and signaling, market power, taxes, and agency problems. Different types of synergies from mergers like financial, operating, and managerial synergies are also outlined.
This document discusses treasury products in India, including money market instruments like treasury bills, repo/reverse repo, certificates of deposit, and commercial paper. It also discusses capital market instruments like equity shares, preference shares, and various types of debt securities. The primary market for equity shares involves either a fixed price offer or book building process. Various entities are involved in the money market as players, including the central government, public sector undertakings, insurance companies, and banks. Pure borrowers and lenders as well as entities that are both borrowers and lenders participate in the capital market.
Bottom of the pyramid strategy dewesternising marketing concepts-b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses bottom-of-the-pyramid marketing strategies as an alternative to traditional Western marketing concepts. It notes that bottom-of-the-pyramid strategies target the lowest strata of society by focusing on affordability and cost-cutting. This allows companies to provide essential, affordable products to untapped markets with stable demand while keeping expenses low and not requiring expensive managerial personnel. Many Indian and Chinese companies have successfully utilized these bottom-of-the-pyramid strategies.
Careers In Financial Management-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
This document outlines the key steps and skills needed for a career in financial management. It discusses obtaining a suitable degree, developing good communication skills in English and computer knowledge, as well as the ability to analyze financial statements. The document also mentions the importance of understanding government and regulators.
Bank correspondent system through venture capital participation b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses the emergence of venture capital (VC) participation in business correspondents (BCs) in India. It notes that while non-VC models faced issues like lack of business skills and low commissions, VCs can help address these by acting as an interface between banks and BCs, providing technology, capital, and oversight of BCs. It provides the example of SEED, a Delhi-based VC that partnered with 19 banks as a BC, opening over 15 lakh accounts through a workforce of 3500 employees. VCs generate revenue through account opening fees, transaction commissions, and commissions on product sales. However, recent microfinance troubles and RBI regulations pose ongoing challenges.
Analysis of corporate annual reports b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document summarizes key points about analyzing corporate annual reports for common investors. In 3 sentences:
It outlines the purpose of analyzing annual reports for academic interest and investment/disinvestment decisions. It identifies deficiencies in accounting/financial statements that make reports complex and misleading. It provides guidelines for common investors to focus on long-term performance factors from the income statement and balance sheet like sales, profits, EPS, and growth rather than short-term profitability or revenue guidance.
Career planning for a commerce graduate in india b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses various career opportunities in financial services and accounting. It outlines degrees, skills, and abilities needed for different roles including human resources management, software development, marketing, and media planning. It also lists advisable careers in banking, non-profits, teaching, and government. Other sections discuss careers in public service, education, and public life. The document provides a wide overview of potential paths for individuals interested in financial or accounting fields.
Application of innovative business models in energy management b.v..raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses issues with current energy business models and proposes innovative alternatives. It summarizes that present models focus on mega-sized generation using single fuels like coal or uranium over long distances, are promoted only by government or large corporations, have long development times, and do not adapt well to changes. New models are needed that consider smaller, more distributed generation from multiple renewable sources and greater private sector involvement.
Campus agenda for career plannning mba- b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document outlines a campus agenda for career planning for college students. It recommends that students understand themselves, study their passions without worrying about the job market, and select an occupation that will be relaxing. It advises preparing by studying various occupations, determining suitability, localizing selection, and increasing ability. The agenda suggests 100% class attendance, reading newspapers and journals, participating in extracurricular activities, and developing computer skills. This will build abilities like listening, communication, understanding others, leadership, planning, and people management. The document also provides examples of advisable careers like working for non-profits, teaching, entrepreneurship, and public service occupations.
Emerging trends in indian marketing b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document discusses emerging trends in Indian marketing. It notes that the Indian market was shaped by British rule, which contributed to a national market but also led to regional differences and a multi-religious society. Indian production has traditionally been dominated by small-scale family businesses, with some large industries, no standardized quality, and import restrictions. Indian consumers are price conscious and have low brand loyalty. Indian marketing focuses on value, small packaging, and less emphasis on customer service. The document also discusses foreign marketers in India, lessons for them, emerging changes like online marketing and retail, and challenges in the Indian marketing landscape.
Corporate Restructuring-B.v.RaghunandanSVS College
The document discusses various methods of corporate restructuring including mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, leveraged buyouts, and more. It provides details on each method, such as the process involved, examples, advantages, and disadvantages. Common reasons for restructuring include globalization, competition, and improving performance.
Time value of money refers to interest or discount rates that account for the timing of money. There are four types of lending/investment calculations: (1) compound interest on a single cash flow, (2) perpetuity, (3) future value of an annuity, and (4) present value of an annuity. The document provides formulas and examples for calculating values under these four types, such as calculating the future value of bonds given the principal, interest rate, and time period. It also discusses factors that determine interest rates and the differences between perpetuity due and perpetuity immediate.
Carbon trading as a cdm strategy b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document summarizes the key points of a paper on carbon trading as a climate change mitigation strategy. It discusses the Kyoto Protocol which established obligations for developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and introduced flexible mechanisms like carbon trading. It outlines the Clean Development Mechanism which allows developed countries to offset emissions by funding projects in developing countries. It also provides data on annual carbon dioxide emissions by major emitting countries and discusses India's role in carbon trading through registered traders and regulatory authorities.
Venture Capital and Private Equity-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
The document discusses different types of business ownership and funding structures. It outlines sole proprietorships, partnerships, and joint stock companies as ownership structures and how they differ in ownership transferability. For funding, it describes equity shares, preference shares, reserves, debentures, bonds, and long term loans. It then focuses on how venture capital and private equity differ from other funding sources in their evaluation processes, investment horizons, and areas of operations. Finally, it provides examples of active private equity firms in India.
Marketing in indian scenario b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document summarizes marketing in the Indian scenario. It discusses several key points:
- Indian marketing has historically focused on value for money, universal availability, and small packaging due to shortages and a diverse population. Brand loyalty and customer service were less important.
- The Indian consumer is price conscious, argumentative, and has fixed habits influenced by religion, caste, and regional differences. Relationship marketing is important.
- Indian production has traditionally been small-scale, family-run businesses with low standardization and quality. A few large industries like cotton textiles existed.
- Foreign marketers initially took arrogant approaches but now must adapt products to customer needs, view rural areas as important, and focus
The document provides an overview of the Indian capital market and its key components. It discusses the money market and capital market, their differences, and the major participants in each. It then covers the functions and growth of the Indian capital market, including the role of the primary and secondary markets, key reforms over time, and various regulatory bodies.
The document provides an overview of the Indian financial system, including its evolution, structure, and key components. It discusses the various financial markets and instruments in India as well as the regulatory bodies that oversee the financial system. The organized Indian financial system consists of money markets, capital markets, foreign exchange markets, and credit markets. Key reforms since the 1990s have aimed to make the system more efficient, competitive, and integrated.
The document discusses the important role that commercial banks play in facilitating international trade and business. It describes how banks provide key services such as trade financing through letters of credit, foreign exchange, loans, and other services that allow money and goods to flow globally. Without these services provided by commercial banks, international finance and import/export would not function as efficiently.
Roles & functions of various types of banksAbhishek Rane
This document outlines the roles and functions of various types of banks in India. It discusses commercial banks that accept deposits and provide loans and financial services. It notes that commercial banks can be public sector banks that are majority government owned or private sector banks that are privately owned. It also describes regional rural banks that provide credit to small farmers and laborers, cooperative banks that finance rural development, and the central bank that issues currency, regulates foreign exchange, and develops the financial system.
Basic Financial Concepts-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
The three main tasks of a finance manager are to measure income or return, measure risk, and understand the risk-return trade-off. To measure income, a manager calculates return on investment by relating operating profit to capital employed. Measuring risk involves determining systematic risk from unsystematic risk using tools like standard deviation, sensitivity analysis, and beta factors. Finally, the risk-return trade-off examines how additional risk can impact potential returns.
Dynamics of indian finacial markets b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document provides an overview of the Indian financial markets, including the capital market and money market. It discusses the key components and players in each market, as well as the various instruments that are traded. The capital market is for long-term funds and includes stocks, bonds, and government securities. The money market is for short-term funds and includes treasury bills, certificates of deposit, commercial paper, and other short-term debt instruments. Stock exchanges facilitate trading in the capital market, while the money market involves direct dealings between institutions.
Coceptual Framework Of Mergers & Acquisitions-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
The document discusses conceptual frameworks related to mergers, acquisitions, and corporate restructuring. It outlines different types of deals and categorizes motives into strategic, financial, and organizational motives. Strategic motives include growth, competition, synergies, and diversification. Financial motives include investment of funds and increasing shareholder value. Organizational motives include management compulsions and becoming a multinational corporation. Theories discussed include efficiency, information and signaling, market power, taxes, and agency problems. Different types of synergies from mergers like financial, operating, and managerial synergies are also outlined.
This document discusses treasury products in India, including money market instruments like treasury bills, repo/reverse repo, certificates of deposit, and commercial paper. It also discusses capital market instruments like equity shares, preference shares, and various types of debt securities. The primary market for equity shares involves either a fixed price offer or book building process. Various entities are involved in the money market as players, including the central government, public sector undertakings, insurance companies, and banks. Pure borrowers and lenders as well as entities that are both borrowers and lenders participate in the capital market.
Bottom of the pyramid strategy dewesternising marketing concepts-b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses bottom-of-the-pyramid marketing strategies as an alternative to traditional Western marketing concepts. It notes that bottom-of-the-pyramid strategies target the lowest strata of society by focusing on affordability and cost-cutting. This allows companies to provide essential, affordable products to untapped markets with stable demand while keeping expenses low and not requiring expensive managerial personnel. Many Indian and Chinese companies have successfully utilized these bottom-of-the-pyramid strategies.
Careers In Financial Management-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
This document outlines the key steps and skills needed for a career in financial management. It discusses obtaining a suitable degree, developing good communication skills in English and computer knowledge, as well as the ability to analyze financial statements. The document also mentions the importance of understanding government and regulators.
Bank correspondent system through venture capital participation b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses the emergence of venture capital (VC) participation in business correspondents (BCs) in India. It notes that while non-VC models faced issues like lack of business skills and low commissions, VCs can help address these by acting as an interface between banks and BCs, providing technology, capital, and oversight of BCs. It provides the example of SEED, a Delhi-based VC that partnered with 19 banks as a BC, opening over 15 lakh accounts through a workforce of 3500 employees. VCs generate revenue through account opening fees, transaction commissions, and commissions on product sales. However, recent microfinance troubles and RBI regulations pose ongoing challenges.
Analysis of corporate annual reports b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document summarizes key points about analyzing corporate annual reports for common investors. In 3 sentences:
It outlines the purpose of analyzing annual reports for academic interest and investment/disinvestment decisions. It identifies deficiencies in accounting/financial statements that make reports complex and misleading. It provides guidelines for common investors to focus on long-term performance factors from the income statement and balance sheet like sales, profits, EPS, and growth rather than short-term profitability or revenue guidance.
Career planning for a commerce graduate in india b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses various career opportunities in financial services and accounting. It outlines degrees, skills, and abilities needed for different roles including human resources management, software development, marketing, and media planning. It also lists advisable careers in banking, non-profits, teaching, and government. Other sections discuss careers in public service, education, and public life. The document provides a wide overview of potential paths for individuals interested in financial or accounting fields.
Application of innovative business models in energy management b.v..raghunandanSVS College
The document discusses issues with current energy business models and proposes innovative alternatives. It summarizes that present models focus on mega-sized generation using single fuels like coal or uranium over long distances, are promoted only by government or large corporations, have long development times, and do not adapt well to changes. New models are needed that consider smaller, more distributed generation from multiple renewable sources and greater private sector involvement.
Campus agenda for career plannning mba- b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document outlines a campus agenda for career planning for college students. It recommends that students understand themselves, study their passions without worrying about the job market, and select an occupation that will be relaxing. It advises preparing by studying various occupations, determining suitability, localizing selection, and increasing ability. The agenda suggests 100% class attendance, reading newspapers and journals, participating in extracurricular activities, and developing computer skills. This will build abilities like listening, communication, understanding others, leadership, planning, and people management. The document also provides examples of advisable careers like working for non-profits, teaching, entrepreneurship, and public service occupations.
Emerging trends in indian marketing b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document discusses emerging trends in Indian marketing. It notes that the Indian market was shaped by British rule, which contributed to a national market but also led to regional differences and a multi-religious society. Indian production has traditionally been dominated by small-scale family businesses, with some large industries, no standardized quality, and import restrictions. Indian consumers are price conscious and have low brand loyalty. Indian marketing focuses on value, small packaging, and less emphasis on customer service. The document also discusses foreign marketers in India, lessons for them, emerging changes like online marketing and retail, and challenges in the Indian marketing landscape.
Corporate Restructuring-B.v.RaghunandanSVS College
The document discusses various methods of corporate restructuring including mergers, acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures, leveraged buyouts, and more. It provides details on each method, such as the process involved, examples, advantages, and disadvantages. Common reasons for restructuring include globalization, competition, and improving performance.
Time value of money refers to interest or discount rates that account for the timing of money. There are four types of lending/investment calculations: (1) compound interest on a single cash flow, (2) perpetuity, (3) future value of an annuity, and (4) present value of an annuity. The document provides formulas and examples for calculating values under these four types, such as calculating the future value of bonds given the principal, interest rate, and time period. It also discusses factors that determine interest rates and the differences between perpetuity due and perpetuity immediate.
Carbon trading as a cdm strategy b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document summarizes the key points of a paper on carbon trading as a climate change mitigation strategy. It discusses the Kyoto Protocol which established obligations for developed countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and introduced flexible mechanisms like carbon trading. It outlines the Clean Development Mechanism which allows developed countries to offset emissions by funding projects in developing countries. It also provides data on annual carbon dioxide emissions by major emitting countries and discusses India's role in carbon trading through registered traders and regulatory authorities.
Venture Capital and Private Equity-B.V.RaghunandanSVS College
The document discusses different types of business ownership and funding structures. It outlines sole proprietorships, partnerships, and joint stock companies as ownership structures and how they differ in ownership transferability. For funding, it describes equity shares, preference shares, reserves, debentures, bonds, and long term loans. It then focuses on how venture capital and private equity differ from other funding sources in their evaluation processes, investment horizons, and areas of operations. Finally, it provides examples of active private equity firms in India.
Marketing in indian scenario b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document summarizes marketing in the Indian scenario. It discusses several key points:
- Indian marketing has historically focused on value for money, universal availability, and small packaging due to shortages and a diverse population. Brand loyalty and customer service were less important.
- The Indian consumer is price conscious, argumentative, and has fixed habits influenced by religion, caste, and regional differences. Relationship marketing is important.
- Indian production has traditionally been small-scale, family-run businesses with low standardization and quality. A few large industries like cotton textiles existed.
- Foreign marketers initially took arrogant approaches but now must adapt products to customer needs, view rural areas as important, and focus
The document provides an overview of the Indian capital market and its key components. It discusses the money market and capital market, their differences, and the major participants in each. It then covers the functions and growth of the Indian capital market, including the role of the primary and secondary markets, key reforms over time, and various regulatory bodies.
The document provides an overview of the Indian financial system, including its evolution, structure, and key components. It discusses the various financial markets and instruments in India as well as the regulatory bodies that oversee the financial system. The organized Indian financial system consists of money markets, capital markets, foreign exchange markets, and credit markets. Key reforms since the 1990s have aimed to make the system more efficient, competitive, and integrated.
The Indian financial system consists of a variety of capital markets, financial intermediaries, and instruments. The key capital markets include the treasury bill market, inter-bank market, stock market, and public debt market. Major financial intermediaries include banks, mutual funds, insurance companies, pension funds, and non-banking financial institutions. Popular financial instruments include equity shares, bonds, treasury bills, commercial paper, and derivatives. Financial markets and services include the call money market, government securities market, foreign exchange market, and merchant banking services.
The Indian financial system consists of a variety of capital markets, financial intermediaries, and instruments. The key capital markets include the treasury bill market, inter-bank market, stock market, and public debt market. Major financial intermediaries include banks, mutual funds, insurance companies, pension funds, and non-banking financial institutions. Popular financial instruments include equity shares, bonds, treasury bills, commercial paper, and derivatives. Stock indices like the BSE Sensex and NSE Nifty 50 are important indicators of the stock market.
The document discusses various types of capital market investments including real estate, business enterprises, precious metals, and financial investments. It describes direct and indirect financial markets for making investments directly or through financial intermediaries like mutual funds. The key types of financial markets are the stock exchange, which is a marketplace for long-term investments in different market segments, and the money market for short-term investments in instruments like treasury bills. It provides an overview of the history and development of stock exchanges globally and in the subcontinent, including the major stock exchanges in Pakistan.
The Indian financial system consists of financial markets, intermediaries, and instruments. It connects savers and suppliers of funds like households to seekers of funds like businesses and the government. The organized Indian financial system includes money markets, capital markets, credit markets, and various financial instruments and regulators. Key financial markets are the money market, which facilitates short-term lending, and the capital market, which enables long-term raising of capital. The main regulators are the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), which regulates securities markets, and the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), which acts as the central bank.
The document discusses stock exchange reforms in India. It provides background on stock markets and exchanges like the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE). It describes reforms like allowing foreign investment, improving regulations and disclosure standards. The reforms aimed to increase market liquidity, efficiency and reduce costs. However, in the current market scenario, stock prices have significantly dropped due to factors like inflation, interest rate hikes and selling pressure.
The financial system of a country consists of financial markets, intermediaries, and instruments that allow the flow of funds from savers to seekers of funds. It promotes investment and economic growth. India's financial system has transitioned from an informal system to a modern organized one with various regulators, organized and non-organized institutions, and financial markets and instruments. The system aims to efficiently allocate resources in the economy.
Stock refers to the smallest unit of ownership in a company or asset. The first stock exchange was established in the 18th century in India by the East India Company. There are two main types of stock: common stock, which usually carries voting rights, and preferred stock, which does not carry voting rights but receives dividend payments first. A stock exchange facilitates the buying and selling of stocks between buyers and sellers through an electronic trading system. The Securities and Exchange Commission regulates stock exchanges in Bangladesh. The two main stock exchanges are the Dhaka Stock Exchange and the Chittagong Stock Exchange.
A stock exchange is a marketplace where buyers and sellers engage in trading of securities like stocks and bonds. It serves several important functions such as providing a continuous market for trading, facilitating valuation of securities, encouraging capital formation, and regulating company management. In India, the two major stock exchanges are the Bombay Stock Exchange and the National Stock Exchange. Stock exchanges provide important services to investors, companies, and the overall economy. Companies can list securities on a stock exchange by meeting certain conditions regarding incorporation, prospectus, shareholding, and annual reporting. Speculation on stock exchanges can be done by bulls, bears, stags, and lame ducks. The Securities and Exchange Board of India oversees the national and regional stock exchanges in
Stock exchanges are organized markets where securities can be bought and sold. They facilitate capital formation, price discovery and provide liquidity to investors. Members of a stock exchange include jobbers who deal on behalf of brokers and help match supply and demand. There are cash markets for spot trading and derivatives markets for futures and options which allow participants to hedge risk. Listing on an exchange requires filing various documents and paying fees. The regulator SEBI oversees stock exchanges and securities markets and has powers to inspect exchanges, levy fees and punish wrongdoing.
The document discusses reforms at the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE), Asia's oldest stock exchange. It describes scandals in the 1990s-2000s that eroded investor confidence and led to reforms like banning badla financing and introducing a rolling settlement system. It also discusses challenges faced by BSE like corporatization and rising competition from the National Stock Exchange, which has superior technology and transparency.
This document provides information on the types of financial markets, participants in the securities market, and the structure of the Indian financial system. It discusses the capital market, money market, foreign exchange market, derivatives market, and their key participants such as issuers, investors, and intermediaries. It outlines the primary roles and regulators of various financial institutions in India, including the government, Reserve Bank of India, Securities and Exchange Board of India, stock exchanges, and depository participants.
The document provides information about the Chittagong Stock Exchange (CSE) in Bangladesh. It discusses CSE's mission to create an effective and transparent stock market. It outlines CSE's objectives, introduction, benefits of investing in the stock market, types of members, trading procedures, indices, milestones and ongoing development programs.
The document discusses secondary markets and stock exchanges. It provides details about how stock exchanges function as organized markets for buying and selling existing securities. It describes the growth of major Indian stock exchanges over time and outlines the roles and responsibilities of governing bodies in managing the exchanges. It also summarizes various functions of stock exchanges like facilitating liquidity, price discovery, and educating investors.
The document discusses secondary markets, stock exchanges in India, and requirements for listing securities. It defines secondary markets as financial markets for previously issued financial instruments like stocks. In India, the major stock exchanges are the National Stock Exchange and Over the Counter Exchange of India. Requirements for listing securities include minimum capital levels, shareholder numbers, market makers, and disclosure of public offering details. Instruments traded include equity shares, rights shares, and bonus shares.
The presentation provided an overview of the Bangladesh stock market, including regulatory authorities, operational procedures, market efficiency status, past successes and failures. It discussed two stock exchanges in Bangladesh, key laws and regulations, the listing process, trading policies, and analyses showing the market is generally inefficient. It also examined reasons for past market failures in 1996 and 2011, and provided recommendations to improve transparency, oversight and investor protections going forward.
The document discusses investing in stock markets. It states that historically equities have provided higher returns than other asset classes over the long term. It then provides basics on stocks, stock markets, market capitalization, types of orders, market participants and the trading process. Online trading aims to convert open outcry trading to screen-based trading for convenience and transparency.
This document summarizes the history and reforms of the Indian capital market. It discusses how capital markets facilitate the transfer of assets and provide liquidity. It outlines the origins and growth of capital markets in India from the East India Company to present day reforms. Key reforms included establishing the Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), introducing screen-based trading, allowing foreign investment, establishing depositories, and moving to a T+2 settlement system. The document chronicles the various reforms and developments that have modernized and strengthened the Indian capital market.
The document defines entrepreneurship as launching and running a new business, typically as a small startup. Traditionally, entrepreneurs took on risks by coming up with ideas, organizing resources, and making profits. However, the document argues the definition is broadening to include employees and executives who enhance processes, costs and quality. It discusses models of individual entrepreneurship versus corporate models and impediments such as hostile governments. Finally, it promotes social entrepreneurship in sectors like waste management and provides guidelines for entrepreneurship like honesty and avoiding unnecessary risks.
Financial leverage as the balance sheet polluter b.v.raghunandanSVS College
Deals with debt as a toxic option and the virtues of equity shares rediscovered by venture capital. It also shows how hollow the benefits of financial leverage and what an outdated concept it is.
This document discusses professional ethics and outlines some key elements and principles of professional ethics. It notes that professionals traditionally had high levels of wisdom and now refers to those with specialized knowledge in fields like engineering, medicine, and law. It discusses the need for professional ethics to maintain stable institutions that society depends on. Some of the key elements of professional ethics discussed include non-stop competence building, integrity, long-term orientation, commitment, emotional equanimity, being immune to worldly weaknesses, and having a righteous attitude. It also lists some unprofessional practices to avoid like lack of punctuality, financial irregularity, gossiping, and more.
Ugc choice based common curriculum b.v.raghunandan-ugcSVS College
The Choice Based Curriculum suggested by UGC in India for implementation at the UG level in all colleges and Universities in India.The feedback is sought in response to which Association of Mangalore University College Teachers conducted a workshop on April 18, 2015
Budget 2015 16 and fundamentals of union budget-b.v.raghunandanSVS College
The document provides an overview of the key aspects of the Indian Union Budget for 2015-16, including:
1) The meaning, objectives, and coverage of the Union Budget.
2) Details on revenue receipts including tax revenues, non-tax revenues, and principles of taxation.
3) Details on expenditure including plan expenditure focused on development and non-plan expenditure on administration.
4) Background and key proposals in the 2015-16 budget related to direct and indirect taxes, financial management, infrastructure, education, and social security.
This document discusses capital structure and theories of capital structure. It provides definitions of key terms like capital structure, leverage, and theories proposed by David Durand, Ezra Solomon, and Modigliani-Miller. The net income approach and net operating income approach are explained. The document also discusses the rationale for acceptance of leverage initially and then the reality check. Examples of DLF Ltd.'s capital structure and its challenges due to extensive borrowing are provided.
Entrepreneurship in the it era b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document discusses entrepreneurship in the IT era in India. It covers several topics:
1) India's historical thinking has been unfriendly to business due to its agricultural roots, British imperialism, and current crony capitalism. Government bureaucracy is also inefficient.
2) The internet has enabled new types of businesses like search engines, social media, and e-commerce that operate internationally with few regulations. It has also allowed traditional businesses in areas like travel and transportation to operate online.
3) Students are encouraged to develop entrepreneurial skills like communication, teamwork, and self-confidence to start internet and tech-enabled businesses and drive regional development and employment in India.
Analysis of society vis a vis advertising-b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document discusses both the positive and negative impacts of advertising on society. It notes how advertising can promote business growth, employment, and consumer awareness of government programs, but it can also promote hedonism, fear, unnecessary consumption, and undermine social values. Some of the negative impacts highlighted include creating demand for products with long term health effects, promoting snob appeal, using sexual provocation in ads, emphasizing unhealthy individualism over community, and deception through false claims and image over substance. The document argues that advertising often prioritizes appearance, awards, and celebrity endorsement over product development and performance.
Cyer crimes and cyber laws b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document discusses cyber laws and cyber crimes. It defines cybercrime as offenses committed against individuals or groups using modern communication networks like the internet and mobile phones to intentionally harm the victim. A broader definition is provided that a cyber crime is any offense committed using computers, the internet or electronic devices where the technology is used as a tool or target. Various types of cybercrimes are outlined like financial crimes, data theft, copyright infringement and cyber terrorism. The techniques used include hacking, phishing and malware. Characteristics of cyber crimes are discussed along with perpetrators like individuals, groups, companies and governments. India's Information Technology Act of 2000 is summarized which established cyber laws and outlined various cyber offenses and penalties. The future agenda suggested educ
This document discusses training HR for rural marketing. It makes several key points:
1) HR training for rural marketing must be tailored to the socio-cultural context of rural areas, as rural consumers differ significantly from urban consumers in their behaviors and preferences.
2) Indian HR practices, which emphasize lifelong employment, on-the-job training, fair treatment of employees, and regarding employees as family, provide a good model for training HR for rural marketing.
3) Rural consumers prioritize value, trustworthiness, loyalty, status, cash transactions, and relationships. Training salespeople must focus on local languages and customs to build strong relationships with rural consumers.
4) Sales training should emphasize efficient personalized
Student empowerment through mentoring and reverese mentoring b.v.raghunandanSVS College
Deals with the problems and the need for mentoring and the need to absorb reverse mentoring as a part of the process to avoid disconnect between generations
It has reference to the entry of FDI into India in retail trade. It is the presentation to be made/made in the UGC-sposored one Day National Seminar organised by Cauvery Degree College, Gonikoppal on October 1, 2014
This document discusses book-building, which is a process used to determine the price and quantity of securities to be issued by a company. It involves eliciting demand from investors to help set the price. Key aspects of book-building include determining the quantity of shares to issue, discovering the right price through investor bids, and allocating portions of the offering to different investor types like qualified institutional buyers. The document then outlines the various financial intermediaries involved like merchant bankers and syndicate members, and the stages of the book-building process from pre-issue activities to allotment of shares.
Ipo and retail investors b.v.raghunandanSVS College
This document discusses IPOs (initial public offerings) and retail investors in India. It notes that IPOs tap into household savings and can finance large projects. It describes the pre-SEBI and post-SEBI eras in India, with SEBI bringing reforms like free pricing of issues, reduced application times, and the concept of discounts for retail investors. However, free pricing allowed some companies to charge unjustifiably high premiums. The document calls for reforms like connecting prices to book value, offering both book-building and firm price options, and allowing physical subscription.
Gfc, hiriyadka career options for commerce and management graduates-b.v.raghu...SVS College
The document provides guidance on career orientation and preparation for students. It recommends developing strong reading habits, understanding your passions, studying careers of interest to determine suitability, engaging in extracurricular activities to build skills, considering further education or certifications, and exploring popular careers in fields like banking, tourism, or entrepreneurship. The document also suggests less popular but socially impactful careers in areas such as education, public service, healthcare, or environmental protection.