EXPLANATION
• The causativeform with TRANSITIVE verbs is used
to indicate an action that someone makes
happen, usually used in the context of making
somebody do something
• The causative form with TRANSITIVE verbs is also
used to indicate a permission that someone
let/allow someone else to do something.
• To know whether it is permissive or coercive, it is
judged by the context.
• Usually higher status people lower
• 話す
• 聞く
•書く
• 待つ
• 立つ
• 持つ
• 買う
練習: PUT THESE GROUP 1 VERBS INTO
THE CAUSATIVE FORM
話させる
聞かせる
書かせる
待たせる
立たせる
持たせる
買わせる
7.
Group 2
食べる 食べ+させる 食べさせる(食べさせます)
見る 見 +させる 見させる(見させます)
練習:
•着る
•寝る
•起きる
•覚える
練習:
•着させる
•寝させる
•起きさせる
•覚えさせる
Group 3
する させる 来る 来させる
Note:
After changed to
Causative form
They act like
Group 2 verbs
MAKE/LET SOMEBODY DO
SOMETHING.
•Somebody は Somebody に something をCausative
verb (transitive).
例:
• 先生はいつも私たちにたくさん宿題をさせます。
• お母さんは子供にピアノを習わせました。
• 両親はあゆみさんにブロッコリーを食べさせました。
The subject (は) is the person giving the order.
• As usingcausative with TRANSITIVE verbs,
INTRANSITIVE verbs is used to indicate an action that
someone makes happen, usually used in the context
of making somebody do something
• In the same way, the causative form with
INTRANSITIVE verbs is also used to indicate
permission that someone let/allow someone else to
do something.
• Although intransitive verbs can take both を and に,
general rule is that you use particle を for coercive
and use に for permissive. Often, there would be an
expression to indicate either permissive or coercive.
• There are exceptions (as always!) – when verbs are
temporary emotion verbs, when it is a natural
phenomenon or the subject is ‘object’ which doesn’t
have intentions, use を
INTRANSITIVE VERBS
12.
MAKE SOMEBODY DOSOMETHING.
• Somebody は Somebody を(に) Causative verb
(intransitive).
例:
• お母さんはまなみさんを学校に行かせました。
• コーチは学生を何時間も走らせました。
• 彼はみんなを笑わせます。
• おじいさんは、枯れ木に花を咲かせた。
The subject (は) is the person giving the order.
When verbs are emotion
verbs and temporary
movement of emotion
such as 笑う、おどろく、
がっかりする、安心する、
おこる、ほっとする etc,
then take を
When verbs
describes natural
phenomenon, it
takes を
13.
Somebody はSomebody に(を) Causative verb
(intransitive).
例:
父は妹に妹の好きな人と結婚させた。
父はむすめに好きなだけ泳がせました。
お母さんはまなみさんをパーティーに行かせました。
お母さんはまなみさんを・に行かせました。
東京まで車を走らせた。
LET/ALLOWED SOMEBODY DO SOMETHING
As 行きます is intransitive
verb and letting Manami
goes to the party so here
should be using に. BUT
because there is に for
destination so to avoid
having 2 に, used を here.
Because a father let
younger sister to get
married with who she
likes, に is appropriate. If
it was を such as 父は妹
を結婚させた then she
was forced to get married