The document discusses contemporary issues in competition law and policy. It covers several topics: the spread of competition law globally; the impact of globalization on competition; enforcement challenges against foreign firms; harmonization efforts across jurisdictions; key issues around innovation, monopolies in tech industries, and inequality; the consequences of corporate mergers; and regulatory challenges posed by the sharing economy.
This document analyzes consumer protection efforts in Pakistan and the role of the Competition Commission of Pakistan (CCP) in ensuring consumer protection. It discusses the legal framework for consumer protection in Pakistan, including various provincial consumer protection laws. It notes shortcomings in these laws, including a lack of provisions for unfair trade practices online. The document also describes how the CCP promotes consumer protection through prohibiting deceptive marketing practices under the Competition Act of 2010. The CCP aims to develop a competition culture in Pakistan for the benefit of consumers and the economy.
The document discusses contemporary issues in competition law and policy. It covers several topics: the spread of competition law globally; the impact of globalization on competition; enforcement challenges against foreign firms; harmonization efforts across jurisdictions; key issues around innovation, monopolies in tech industries, and inequality; the consequences of corporate mergers; and regulatory challenges posed by the sharing economy.
This document analyzes consumer protection efforts in Pakistan and the role of the Competition Commission of Pakistan (CCP) in ensuring consumer protection. It discusses the legal framework for consumer protection in Pakistan, including various provincial consumer protection laws. It notes shortcomings in these laws, including a lack of provisions for unfair trade practices online. The document also describes how the CCP promotes consumer protection through prohibiting deceptive marketing practices under the Competition Act of 2010. The CCP aims to develop a competition culture in Pakistan for the benefit of consumers and the economy.
N49 Intelligence provides niche intelligence and risk consulting services to governments, companies, and humanitarian organizations operating in Africa and the Middle East. It has offices in the region and an extensive closed-source network of former government, military, and intelligence experts as well as journalists and corporate contacts. N49 tailors intelligence reports and risk assessments to clients' specific needs, drawing on its experts' over 100 years of combined experience and knowledge of the region.
Fuel Cost represents about 30 % of airline cost any saving in this element will lead to reduce the total cost , this presentation explore the method of monitoring the fuel and the human factors
2016-09-20 Strengthening Private Sector Capacities for Competition ComplianceAhmed Qadir
The Competition Commission of Pakistan is taking steps to encourage voluntary compliance with competition law by the private sector. It held a national road show in 22 cities to increase awareness of competition law among businesses. It is revising its guidance on competition compliance to make it more accessible and help companies understand drivers of non-compliance. The Commission plans to present the revised guidance to business associations and hold an event on World Competition Day to promote a culture of compliance within companies. While enforcement of penalties remains important, the Commission recognizes the need to work with businesses to change norms and incentivize ethical, compliant behavior.
Air cargo forecasting for major airports in the world for 2014, about eight airports are study and accuracy forecasting matrix is developed, the study explore a fair results, based on the input of data, the forecast is developed, some of them are good and others are not, and depends on the analyses’ decision.
The document describes a student's media product evaluation of a magazine they created called "Eroded Magazine". The summary analyzes the design, layout, and target audience of the magazine. It also reflects on what the student learned about media technologies and design through creating the magazine.
In vitro regeneration and transformation studies on Pelargonium graveolens (g...Fathima Benazir
Development of improved protocols for the regeneration of Pelargonium graveolens is important for their commercial utilization. Callus was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with auxins and combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Micropropagation of nodal bud explants was achieved using medium supplemented with cytokinins. The regenerated explants were acclimatized and the transformation potential of geranium was demonstrated using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Maximum proliferation was obtained in medium supplemented with combinations of 20 μM indole butyric acid (IBA) + 10 μM kinetin (KIN), 20 μM IBA + 10 μM benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 20 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) + 10 μM KIN. Plantlets were regenerated when callus was given a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark conditions at 25°C. After being transferred to greenhouse conditions, the plantlets were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the field condition. The study has established an efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration and transformation of P. graveolens as an alternative method for vegetative propagation.
The document discusses the costs of delays, rescheduling, and cancellations for airlines. It analyzes data from Yemenia airline between 2010-2012 that showed technical problems, especially engine failures, were the primary cause of delays. Delays over 20 minutes can impact an airline's image and customer loyalty. The analysis found 121 delays under 20 minutes totaling 1355 minutes, and 87 delays over 20 minutes totaling 4185 minutes. Having backup aircraft is important, as two grounded planes at once can severely disrupt schedules. Addressing technical issues is also key to minimizing delays.
The document summarizes the Forestry Education Platform for Central America and the Caribbean Countries. The platform aims to improve access to and exchange of forestry science and technology information between developing countries in the region. It benefits countries in Central America and the Caribbean by providing an online platform located at http://www.fao.org/forestry/material-educativo/es that contains forestry educational materials and resources.
Filling the gap, it is concern a new idea in aviation industry, we can define an airline by three main factors, i.e Passengers demand, Market Fare, and Network distances, that is Stage Length, while Cost is consider as step function, the study shows there is a gap in locating the learning curve of the company to the typical operation one by using optimization techniques.
Forecasting is an important tool for planning and decision making, in aviation industry, Airlines is subjected to a seasonality and cyclic issues, to define these patterns properly, the right mathematical should be selected.
N49 Intelligence provides niche intelligence and risk consulting services to governments, companies, and humanitarian organizations operating in Africa and the Middle East. It has offices in the region and an extensive closed-source network of former government, military, and intelligence experts as well as journalists and corporate contacts. N49 tailors intelligence reports and risk assessments to clients' specific needs, drawing on its experts' over 100 years of combined experience and knowledge of the region.
Fuel Cost represents about 30 % of airline cost any saving in this element will lead to reduce the total cost , this presentation explore the method of monitoring the fuel and the human factors
2016-09-20 Strengthening Private Sector Capacities for Competition ComplianceAhmed Qadir
The Competition Commission of Pakistan is taking steps to encourage voluntary compliance with competition law by the private sector. It held a national road show in 22 cities to increase awareness of competition law among businesses. It is revising its guidance on competition compliance to make it more accessible and help companies understand drivers of non-compliance. The Commission plans to present the revised guidance to business associations and hold an event on World Competition Day to promote a culture of compliance within companies. While enforcement of penalties remains important, the Commission recognizes the need to work with businesses to change norms and incentivize ethical, compliant behavior.
Air cargo forecasting for major airports in the world for 2014, about eight airports are study and accuracy forecasting matrix is developed, the study explore a fair results, based on the input of data, the forecast is developed, some of them are good and others are not, and depends on the analyses’ decision.
The document describes a student's media product evaluation of a magazine they created called "Eroded Magazine". The summary analyzes the design, layout, and target audience of the magazine. It also reflects on what the student learned about media technologies and design through creating the magazine.
In vitro regeneration and transformation studies on Pelargonium graveolens (g...Fathima Benazir
Development of improved protocols for the regeneration of Pelargonium graveolens is important for their commercial utilization. Callus was induced from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with auxins and combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Micropropagation of nodal bud explants was achieved using medium supplemented with cytokinins. The regenerated explants were acclimatized and the transformation potential of geranium was demonstrated using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Maximum proliferation was obtained in medium supplemented with combinations of 20 μM indole butyric acid (IBA) + 10 μM kinetin (KIN), 20 μM IBA + 10 μM benzyl amino purine (BAP) and 20 μM indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) + 10 μM KIN. Plantlets were regenerated when callus was given a photoperiod of 16 h light and 8 h dark conditions at 25°C. After being transferred to greenhouse conditions, the plantlets were successfully acclimatized and transferred to the field condition. The study has established an efficient protocol for in vitro regeneration and transformation of P. graveolens as an alternative method for vegetative propagation.
The document discusses the costs of delays, rescheduling, and cancellations for airlines. It analyzes data from Yemenia airline between 2010-2012 that showed technical problems, especially engine failures, were the primary cause of delays. Delays over 20 minutes can impact an airline's image and customer loyalty. The analysis found 121 delays under 20 minutes totaling 1355 minutes, and 87 delays over 20 minutes totaling 4185 minutes. Having backup aircraft is important, as two grounded planes at once can severely disrupt schedules. Addressing technical issues is also key to minimizing delays.
The document summarizes the Forestry Education Platform for Central America and the Caribbean Countries. The platform aims to improve access to and exchange of forestry science and technology information between developing countries in the region. It benefits countries in Central America and the Caribbean by providing an online platform located at http://www.fao.org/forestry/material-educativo/es that contains forestry educational materials and resources.
Filling the gap, it is concern a new idea in aviation industry, we can define an airline by three main factors, i.e Passengers demand, Market Fare, and Network distances, that is Stage Length, while Cost is consider as step function, the study shows there is a gap in locating the learning curve of the company to the typical operation one by using optimization techniques.
Forecasting is an important tool for planning and decision making, in aviation industry, Airlines is subjected to a seasonality and cyclic issues, to define these patterns properly, the right mathematical should be selected.