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非臨床の抑うつによる
注意資源の減衰
広島大学教育学研究科
認知心理学研究室 M1 加藤美幸
• 臨床的な抑うつは思考,判断,解釈等の認知機能は通常
と異なる。
• 認知活動には有限な注意資源が分配されて行われるが,
抑うつは処理資源が枯渇しており十分な認知的処理が行
えない状態にあると考えられている。(Sutton, Braren, Zubin, & John, 1965;
Bruder, 1992)
• 臨床的な抑うつと健常者の対比がされてきた一方で,非
臨床的な抑うつの注意資源減衰の検討は少ない。
• 抑うつ症状を保有するほど認知的特異性も形成される可
能性から,高い抑うつ症状には注意資源の減衰がみられ
ることが考えられる。
注意資源の投入量を
反映するP300振幅の減衰
抑うつ患者の
キー押し課題
ERP(事象関連電位)
健常者より注意資源が
少ない
• 対象: BDIが20点(中等症)以上だった愛知の大学生11
名(age M=21.18, SD=1.17, 男性=5, 重症=3)
• 課題中のERPを測定し,PzのP300を同定した。
• 分析方法: HLM, 従属変数: P300振幅,
独立変数: BDI得点と0.6以上の相関のあった項目得点
(決断力低下, 疲労),
切片の変量効果: 課題(順序効果)と振幅の個人差,
課題の傾きの変量効果:各課題のブロック(順序効果)
800ms
2200ms
キー押し課題
「ターゲットであれば出来得る限り早く
キーを押す」
count1課題「晴をカウントせよ」
count3 課題「晴,雨,曇を別々にカウン
トせよ」
26% 3種合計で48%26%
Single task: キー押し課題のみ
Low load dual task:
キー押し課題+count1課題
High load dual task:
キー押し課題+count3課題
段階的に困難度を
設定した非情動的
な二重課題
推定値 標準誤差 t値 p値
切片 61.10 100.93 0.605 0.3204
課題 103.36 43.59 2.371 0.0328
決断力低下 237.60 80.61 2.947 0.0119
疲労 220.95 89.88 2.458 0.0282
課題*決断力低下 -23.64 34.81 -0.679 0.3048
課題*疲労 -37.68 38.82 -0.971 0.2381
決断力低下*疲労 -190.71 66.26 -2.878 0.0134
課題*決断力低下
*疲労
19.32 28.62 0.675 0.3057
推定値 標準誤差 t値 p値
切片 12.04 4.06 2.970 0.0114
課題 -2.46 1.22 -2.017 0.0590
決断力低下 -5.41 3.35 -1.614 0.1089
疲労 -3.86 3.58 -1.077 0.2137
課題*決断力低下 2.77 0.97 2.864 0.0138
課題*疲労 2.25 1.07 2.098 0.0518
決断力低下*疲労 4.32 2.73 1.578 0.1146
課題*決断力低下
*疲労
-2.37 0.79 -2.978 0.0112
• 決断力低下と疲労感症状を有する抑うつ傾向者
はP300振幅がより減衰する。
• 抑うつの高さは困難な課題ほどP300減衰と反応遅延を
生じさせた。
• →つまり非臨床の抑うつでも臨床の抑うつと同様に,生
理レベルで注意資源が減少し,実際に行動反応も遅延
した。
従属変数:
P300
従属変数:
RT
• →しかし今回のサンプルのBDI得点は全体的に高く
(M=25.91, SD=3.30),健常者の一般的なデータではな
い可能性がある。
0
1
2
3
4
20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
人数
BDI-II得点

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非臨床の抑うつによる注意資源の減衰