Practical Points in Emergency CT for Emergency PhysiciansRathachai Kaewlai
The handout describes some brief practical points on emergency CT, particularly for emergency physicians. They include imaging utilisation trends, radiation dose, contrast reaction, contrast-induced nephropathy, use of oral contrast medium and some caveats on emergency CT (esp. abdomen)
Practical Points in Emergency CT for Emergency PhysiciansRathachai Kaewlai
The handout describes some brief practical points on emergency CT, particularly for emergency physicians. They include imaging utilisation trends, radiation dose, contrast reaction, contrast-induced nephropathy, use of oral contrast medium and some caveats on emergency CT (esp. abdomen)
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2. मुलुकका विभिन्न जिल्लामा एक महिनायता फै भलएको स्क्क्रि
टाइफस नामक नयााँ रोगले आठिना बालबाभलकासहित एक
गिभितीको ज्यान भलएको छ।
टाइफसको संक्रमणबाट ४० िना अस्क्पतालमा िनाभ िएको र
एक सयिन्दा बढीको उपचार िइसके को स्क्िास्क््य सेिा
वििाग, मिामारी तथा रोग ननयन्रण मिाशाखाले आइतबार
पुजटट गरेको छ।लगातारको तराई बन्द, नाकाबन्दीिस्क्ता
समस्क्याले रोग ननयन्रणमा कहठनाइ िएको मिशाखा प्रमुख
डा. बाबुराम मराभसनीले बताए।
‘देशको खराब जस्क्थनतले रोगका लक्षण देखखएका बबरामी
अस्क्पताल गएर उपचार गनभ पाएका छैनन् । न त
स्क्िा्यकमीको टोली प्रिावित क्षेरमा पुग्न सके को छ’,
मराभसनीले िने, ‘रगत िााँचका लागग माननसिरू
प्रयोगशालामा िान पाएका छैनन् । िामीले समेत सिि
रूपमा रगतको नमुना संकलन गरी परीक्षणका लागग
काठमाडौं ल्याउन सके का छैनांैै ।
आठ बालबाललकासहित एक गर्भवतीको ज्यान गयो
3. • मिाशाखाका अनुसार मुसा, गाईिैंसी, झाडीलगायतमा पाइने
साना ककनाभ (माइट) ले टोक्दा सने ब्याक्टेररयाका कारण
माननसमा टाइफस देखा पछभ । धरानजस्क्थत बीपी कोइराला
स्क्िास्क््य विज्ञान प्रनतटठान र धनगढीजस्क्थत सेती अञ्चलनमा
उपचारका लागग िनाभ िएकाको ज्यान गएको िो ।
अहिले धरान र सेती अञ्िल अस्क्पतालमा टाइफसबाट
संक्रमनत ४० िना बबरामीको उपचार िइरिेको छ ।िोिपुर,
संखुिासिा, ताप्लेिुङ, खोटाङ, धनकु टालागयत पूिी पिाडी
जिल्लाबाट पजचचमी जिल्लामा टाइफस फै भलएको मिाशाखाको
प्रारजभिक अनुसन्धानले देखाएको छ।
टाइफसबाट धाहदङमा समेत माननस थला पनभ थालेको र
टेकु जस्क्थत शुक्रराि ट्रवपकल तथा सरुिारोग अस्क्पतालमा के िी
बबरामी उपचार गरी फककभ एका छन्। एकपनछ अको जिल्लामा
फै लाँदै गएको टाइफस ननयन्रणमा ठू लो चुनौती देखखएको
देखखएको सरकारी अगधकारीले बताएका छन्।
4. • अचानक ज्िरो आउने, ससाना बबभमरा देखखने,
टाउको दुख्ने, मााँसपेसी दुख्ने, झाडापखाला िुनेिस्क्ता
मुख्य लक्षणको यो रोग लागेपनछ ननमोननया िा
मेनेन्िाइहटस िएर महिला र बालबाभलकाको
ज्यान िाने गछभ । विशेष गरी रोग लागेको ६
देखख १८ हदनभिर बबरामीको मृत्यु िुने गरेको छ ।
‘ज्िरो आएको के िी हदनमै रोग पत्ता लगाई
आिचयक एजन्टबायोहटक खाएमा रोग ननको िुन्छ
। हढलो िुाँदा बबरामीलाई बचाउन सककाँ दैन’,
मराभसनीले िने, ‘बबरामी भसककस्क्त परेपनछ मार
अस्क्पताल आउने गरेका छन ्, िसले गदाभ
उनीिरूलाई बचाउन कहठन िुन्छ ।’
5. • रोग ननयन्रणका लागग प्रिावित जिल्लामा िएका
ककनाभ मानुभपने िए पनन बिेट अिािमा काम
अनि बढ्न सके को छैन । ‘यो रोगबारे धेरै
गचककत्सक र स्क्िास्क््यकमीलाई पनन िानकारी
छैन’, मराभसनीले िने, ‘उनीिरूलाई ताभलम
आिचयक छ ।’
िापान िुाँदै रूस, अस्क्ट्रेभलया, अफगाननस्क्तान,
पाककस्क्तान, थाइल्यान्डमा देखखएको टाइफस
ननयन्रण र रोकथामका लागग विचि स्क्िास्क््य
संगठनले आह्िान गरेको गथयो । -
6. रोग अन्सुन्धान गन भ र्ारतीय ववज्ञ
न ेपालमा
स्क्क्रि टाइसफ फै भलने र यसबाट माननसको ज्यान िाने
क्रम बढेपनछ थप अनुसन्धानका लागग िारतीय सरुिा
रोग विशेषज्ञ डा. चयमाल विचिासलाई नेपाल बोलाइएको
छ ।
विचिासको नेतृत्िमा मिामारी तथा रोग ननयन्रण
मिाशाखाका गचककत्सकको टोलीले रोग साने ककनाभ
नेपालमा किााँ कसरी फै भलएको िन्नेबारे अनुसन्धान
गरररिेको छ ।
विशेष गरी रोग साने ककनाभका ब्याक्टेररयाबारे अनुस
7. ताँ के वपडडत त्यो बािुन छेरी पो वपडडत
तैले कमसेकम समाबेसीको कु रा गनभ सक्छस
त्यो त िेर आफ्नै अगाडी क्षेमता िएता पनन लुरुक्क परेर बस्क्छ
त्यो त िेर टुप्पी कसेर पढ़छ तर समाबेसीमा नतम्रो कोटाको अगाडी नतमस्क्तक िएर खाडी पस्क्छ
अब िन ताँ को वपडडत त्यो बािुन छेरी पो वपडडत ……..
तैले नपढेर अिसर पनयनस िोला
तेस्क्ले संसार पढेको छ
तेस्क्ले संसार िानेर के गने
तेस्क्लाई अिसरबाट बजन्चत गयो िनेर २ सब्द बोल्न सक्दैन
ताँ के वपडडत त्यो बािुन छेरी पो वपडडत
8. कपुतिरुले नेपाल आमालाई बन्दकी राख्दैछ
नेपालमा ढुङ्गा िान्दै िारनतय रोटी चाख्दै छ
भसककम िस्क्तै मधेसलाइ ताग्दैछ
स्क्िाभिमानी नेपालीिरु देश बचाउन िाग्दैछ,
9. • Happy Dashain 2072 to You......मााँ
दुगाभर्वान ीले िाम्रो न ेतािरुलाई सदबुद्धध प्रदान
गरुन ् । .... देशमा सुशासन , सुव्यवस्था,
शान्न्त र आत्मनन र्भर बन्न े बाटो देखाइहदऊ्न
....
10. What Is Typhus?
Typhus fevers are caused by
the rickettsiae bacteria and transmitted by
arthropod (e.g. flea, mite, tick) bites. When
arthropods bite a victim, they leave
the rickettsaie bacteria behind. Scratching the
bite opens the skin to the bacteria, allowing
them to enter the bloodstream. Within the
blood stream, the bacteria grow and replicate.
11. • Different arthropods carry
specific rickettsaie bacteria for each type of
typhus. Typhus symptoms vary slightly by
type. The most common symptoms are
universal, affecting nearly all typhus patients.
• Treatment focuses on using antibiotic
medication to stop the infection. Untreated
typhus can lead to serious complications and
be potentially fatal. Prevention of typhus is
easier than treatment. Methods of prevention
focus on destroying or avoiding arthropod
infestations.
12. Cause of Typhus
Typhus is not transmitted from person to person
like a cold or the flu. Arthropods are typically
carriers of one typhus strain unique to them.
Types of typhus and carriers:
• epidemic/louse-borne typhus (caused
by Rickettsia prowazekii) carried by the body-
louse
• murine typhus (caused by R. typhi) carried by the
rat or cat flea
• scrub typhus (caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi)
carried by mites
13. Global distribution of typhus:
• epidemic/louse-borne: global (focused in
areas of high population and poor sanitation,
where conditions are best for lice)
• murine typhus: global
• scrub typhus: common in Asia, Australia,
Papua New Guinea, and the Pacific Islands
Carrier bites are loaded with the bacteria. When the bites
are scratched, they allow the bacteria into the
bloodstream. The bacteria grow within the bloodstream,
increasing over time.
14. Symptoms of Typhus
Symptoms vary slightly by the type of typhus..
Common symptoms of typhus include:
• headache
• high fever
• chills
• rash
Rare symptoms of epidemic typhus include
stupor and seeming out of touch with reality.
15. Diagnosing Typhus
If you suspect that you have typhus, your doctor
will ask about your symptoms and your
medical history, including any travel or bites
you may have received. To help with the
diagnosis, tell your doctor if you:
• are living in a crowded environment
• know of a typhus outbreak in your community
• have a history of travel
16. Diagnosis is difficult because symptoms
are common to other diseases, including:
• dengue (breakbone fever)
• malaria (infectious disease spread by
mosquitos)
• brucellosis (infectious disease caused by the
brucella bacteria)
17. Diagnostic tests for the presence of
typhus include:
• Western blot (test to identify presence of
typhus bacteria)
• immunofluorescence test (using fluorescent
dyes to detect typhus in sputum samples)
• blood test (results can indicate the presence of
infection)
18. Treatment for Typhus
Antibiotics most commonly used to treat typhus
include:
• doxycycline (preferred treatment)
• cholramphenicol (option for those not
pregnant or breastfeeding)
• ciprofloxacin (used for those who are unable
to take doxycycline)
19. Complications of Typhus
Common complications of typhus include:
• hepatitis (infection of the liver)
• gastrointestinal hemorrhage (bleeding inside
the intestines)
• hypovolaemia (decrease in blood volume)
20. • The mortality rate for untreated typhus is 15 percent
(Mazumder, et al., 2009). People who are most at risk
of dying are generally those in poor, unsanitary, and
crowded conditions. Many are unable to afford
adequate and prompt treatment.
• Patients with underlying diseases (diabetes mellititus,
alcoholism, chronic renal disorders, etc.) have a high
risk of mortality. Delayed treatment and misdiagnosis
can lead to a more severe case of typhus. Those who
receive prompt and correct treatment have a good
chance for a successful recovery.
21. Suggestions for prevention of typhus
include:
• maintaining personal hygiene (helps guard against
lice carrying the disease)
• controlling the rodent population (rodents are
known to carry arthropods)
• avoiding places where exposure has occurred
(typhus has been responsible for epidemics and
outbreaks)
• chemoprophylaxis with doxycycline (used as a
preventative only in those at high risk, such as
those on humanitarian campaigns in areas with
extreme poverty and little or no sanitation)