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補償光学を用いた太陽観測 Observe the Sun Using Adaptive Optics
太陽観測 
・天体望遠鏡にて観測(Using astronomical telescope) 
太陽 Sun 
補償装置 
Astronomical telescope
太陽観測 
・観測像に劣化が生じる(Deterioration occurs) 
太陽 Sun 
補償装置 
Astronomical telescope 
観測像 Observation image
太陽観測 
・観測像に劣化が生じる(Deterioration occurs) 
太陽 Sun 
補償装置 Astronomical telescope 
観測像 
Observation image 
大気(Atmosphere)
太陽観測 
・回折限界を満たす観測像が欲しい 
(Image which meets diffraction limited lens) 
太陽 Sun 
補償装置 
Astronomical telescope 
観測像 
Observation image 
大気(Atmosphere)
太陽観測 
・観測像の劣化の回復を行う→補償光学 
(Recovery of the deterioration is Adaprive Optics) 
大気(Atmosphere) 
太陽 Sun 
補償装置 Astronomical telescope 
補償装置 
AO Device 
観測像 
Observation image 
補正像 
Correction image
補償光学 
補償光学の流れ(Proccess of Adaptive Optics) 
Telescope 
Deformable 
mirror 
Wild wave front 
Corrected 
wave front 
Control System 
AO System 
Wave front 
Sensor 
Observation machine
補償光学 
補償光学の流れ(Proccess of Adaptive Optics) 
乱れた波面を測定 
Mesure disorder 
Telescope 
Deformable 
mirror 
Wild wave front 
Corrected 
wave front 
Control System 
AO System 
Wave front 
Sensor 
Observation machine
補償光学 
補償光学の流れ(Proccess of Adaptive Optics) 
乱れた波面を測定 
Mesure disorder 
可変形鏡を変形 
Deform a mirror 
Telescope 
Deformable 
mirror 
Wild wave front 
Corrected 
wave front 
Control System 
AO System 
Wave front 
Sensor 
Observation machine
補償光学 
補償光学の流れ(Proccess of Adaptive Optics) 
乱れた波面を測定 
Mesure disorder 
可変形鏡を変形 
Deform a mirror 
補正された像を観測 
Gain a image 
Telescope 
Deformable 
mirror 
Wild wave front 
Corrected 
wave front 
Control System 
AO System 
Wave front 
Sensor 
Observation machine
補償光学 
補償光学の流れ(Proccess of Adaptive Optics) 
乱れた波面を測定 
Mesure disorder 
可変形鏡を変形 
Deform a mirror 
補正された像を観測 
Gain a image 
Telescope 
Deformable 
mirror 
Wild wave front 
Corrected 
wave front 
Control System 
AO System 
Wave front 
Sensor 
Observation machine
装置概略 
太陽観測用AO装置概略図(AO system image) 
可変形鏡 
Deformable Mirror 
波面補償制御 
Wave fronts Control 
観測カメラ 
Observation camera 
波面センサ 
Wave fronts 
Sensor 
望 遠 鏡か らの 光 
Tip-tilt鏡 
Tip-tilt mirror 
Light from telescope 
Tip-tilt制御 
Tip-tilt control 
位置ずれ検出カメラ 
Position detection camera
可変形鏡 
・鏡面の裏に格子状のアクチュエータ 
電圧をかけることで凹凸に鏡面が変化 
Mirror surface changes by voltage 
可変形鏡イメージ 
Deformable mirror image
可変形鏡 
・鏡面の裏に格子状のアクチュエータ 
電圧をかけることで凹凸に鏡面が変化 
Mirror surface changes by voltage 
・波面センサからの画像で付与する電圧を計算 Voltage is calculated with image from Wave fronts sensor 
可変形鏡イメージ 
Deformable mirror image
波面センサ 
・ シャック-ハルトマンの波面センサを利用 
Use Shack-Hartmann wave fronts sensor 
・多くのレンズの結像位置から波面の形状を計算 
Wave fronts surface is calculated by micro lens array
波面センサ 
・ シャック-ハルトマンの波面センサを利用 
Use Shack-Hartmann wave fronts sensor 
・多くのレンズの結像位置から波面の形状を計算 
Wave fronts surface is calculated by micro lens array 
乱れた波面 
Wild wave fronts 
通常の波面 
Normal wave fronts
画像補正 
波面センサー観測像 
Wave fronts sensor image 
基準像 
基準像 
Standard image 
対象像 
Object image 
対象像 
rx, y ix, y 
N 
a 
b 
          
 
 
  
N 
x 
N 
y 
d a b i x a y b r x y 
1 1 
, , 
1 
相互相関 , 
Cross-correlation
画像補正 
・ 計算した波面をゼルニケ多項式で復元 
Show zernike multinomial expression 
      
 
J 
j 
x y a jZ j r 
1 
 , , :係数 
Coefficient 
a j :極座標 
Polar coordinates 
r,  
ゼルニケ多項式による波面 
Wave fronts form zernike multinomial expression
画像補正 
・ 可変型鏡に与える電圧値の計算 
Calculation voltage for deformable mirror 
各サブイメージの位置 (xk, yk) での偏微分 計算 
  
  
  
k k xk yk  
x 
Z r 
a 
x 
x y J j 
j 
j 
x y 
, 
, , 
, 1  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
k k xk yk  
y 
Z r 
a 
y 
x y J j 
j 
j 
x y , 
, , 
, 1  
 
  
 
 
 
  
(2k)-列ベクトル 
2k - column vector 
J-列ベクトル 
J – collumn vector 
(2k)×J - 行列 
2k × J - matrix 
g Wa 
波面センサーで計測される位置ずれ
画像補正 
・ 補償光学を用いた太陽の観測 
Observation the Sun using AO 
AO非使用時 
Without AO 
AO使用時 
With AO
顕微鏡への応用 
・太陽の観測から細胞の観測へ 
Cell observation 
・観測像の劣化要因の共通点 
Common points of Deterioration 
大気のゆらぎ 
⇔細胞壁、葉緑体 
A 
B 
観測される細胞像 
Cell image
おわり

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補償光学を用いた太陽観測