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どうなる!?中国シャドウバンキング
1月26日/Good News and Companies

1
プロフィール
Good News and Companies代表/日経CNBC経済解説委員
崔 真淑 /さいますみ

1983年1月17日生。マクロエコノミスト。
神戸大学経済学部卒業。専攻は計量経済学。 20歳から企業分析、トレーディン
グを始める。在学中に起業をするも、経済のプロの世界を見たいとの思いから
、大和証券SMBC金融証券研究所(現:大和証券)に入社。アナリストとして資
本市場分析に携わる。当時最年少女性アナリストとしてNHK など主要メディア
経済解説者に抜擢される。債券トレーダーも経験した後に 日本の経済リテラシ
ー向上に貢献したいとの思いから29歳で独立。経済学を軸にしたニュース解説
や、マクロ経済、資本市場分析を得意とする。若年層の経済/金融リテラシー向
上のために、証券取引所などへのPRコンサルも行う。2013年4月に日経CNBC
経済解説委員に最年少女性解説者として抜擢。
各種メディアで活動中。
【レギュラー出演】CS放送日経CNBC「昼エクスプレス「後場NOW!」
ラジオNIKKEI 「マネー女子会」「マーケットプレス」
【連載】日経BP社/産経新聞出版社/ALLABOUT

2
これって本当!?
中国理財商品(シャドーバンキング)デフォルトで世界経済失速!?

3
先進国経済優位の動きが続いている
リーマンショック後の株価推移(2008年9月を100とする)

(出所)QUICK

背景)欧米は超金融緩和により景気は回復基調をたどる。中国はリー
マンショック後の回復は早かったものの、過剰投資の反動を嫌気し
安定成長路線を辿り始めた。
4
現在は、そもそも経済成長を最大目標としていない…
2013年12月6日
中国共産党中央組織部は地方政府指
導グループの評価制度の変更を発表
①経済成長項目の扱いを低下
域内総生産と、その伸び率だけで功
績を評価してはいけない。以前は上
位項目だった。
②農業地域は環境保護状況が最優先
工業生産は評価対象外へ
③債務管理への評価強化
大規模プロジェクトを闇雲に行うこ
とを是正は。深刻な不良債権を残せ
ば処分対象へ!
(出所:大和総研一部改編)

5
中国のシャドーバンキング比率は小さい

*2012年時点比率、米国のみ2010年時点

(出所)FSB

背景)
中国のシャドーバンキングの規模は統計機関によって違う。しか
し大きく見積もっても対GDP比率で70%以下で収まる。世界水準
では極めて低い水準。
6
自己資本比率は海外に比べて劣らない

*JPと三菱は、普通株等のTIRE1比率

(出所)企業資料,東京財団

背景)
中国大手行の自己資本比率は国際的に見ても高い水準。中国人民銀
行のストレステストでは理財商品3割がデフォルトし、銀行が被っ
た場合も自己資本比率は8%以上は維持すると試算。
「2013年中国金融隠定報告」より

7
コアTIRE1比率でも見ても劣らない

(出所)

背景)
資本の質が高い普通株と内部留保で構成された安全性の高い資産
比率でみても見劣らない。同じ自己資本でも優先株や優先出資証券
は、配当などで資金が外部に流出してしまう性質のため、コアTi
er1とは見なされない。

8
シャドーバンキングリスクのまとめ
• 人民銀行ストレステストでは理財商品3割デフォルトに中国国
内銀行は耐えれると試算(ただし、通常は保障なし)

•

ニューエネルギー分野で過剰生産続き、周辺領域のデフォルト及び関
連株への影響が懸念される(2009年11月9日 中国経済観察報よ
り)

•

本当の問題は政府がどうせ保障してくれるというモラルハザード

→今後の資本市場の焦点は、中国政府が本当に
理財商品を保障してくれるかで大きく乱高下す
ると予想
9

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1分でつかめる!中国シャドウバンキング問題