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4




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4

                                                                                   F                                                                                             F           F
             F                                                                         F                                                                             F
                                          F                 F F

  4.1                                                                  F
                                                      F (projectile)                                                          F                                          F   F           F           F
                                              F                                                 F                                                 F
                                                                F ˈ                                               2                                                                              F
                                                  F                        F                                                      F                                                  F
                                      F                        F ˈ 2
        1.            F                                      F    F                             θ

                 y
                                                                  vy = 0
                                                      vy
                                                                                           vx = ux
                              u                             vx = ux                                                           vx = ux
uy = u sinθ
                                                                                                         vy
                              θ
                                                                                                                                                      vx = ux
                                              ux            = u cosθ
                                                                                                                                                                     x
                                                                                                                              vy

        -                                                                                                                             F
        -                                                                                            F                                    F                     F4                                       (   a=
                 g)
        -                                                                      F                                          F                       sx = uxt
        -                                                                                   ˈ             F

        2.                F
                 y

                                  u                    ux      =u
 uy = 0                                                                vx = ux

                                                               vy                                        vx = ux

                                                                                                vy

                                                                                                                                                  vx = ux
                                                                                                                                                                 x
                                                                                                                              vy

                                                                       –                                      F       ˆ                       F          www.schoolDD.com                                     1
-                                                                                                                   F
    -                                                        F                F                         F                                      F             F g
    -                                                            F                                              F               sx = uxt
                                                         2                                                          F
         t                         F                                                   F F

                                                                                   F        F                                                      F ˈ             F               F           F          Fʿ
    F            F                          F                                                   F                                                                      F       F                   F
                             ...
             F                                                                                                          4                                      F           F             ...
                                           1.    v = u + at
                                           2.    s = (u + v)/2 x t
                                           3.    s = ut + ½ at2
                                           4.    v2 = u2 + 2as
                                                 F a F g                                                                        +, - F                                                 u ˈ +,          F u ˈ   ..
F                        F
                                                 F                        F                         F                                                    F

                              y



                                       u
          uy                                                                  h
                                       θ    ux
                                                                                                                                                   x
                                                                     sx



                                            F ux = u cosθ                         uy = u sinθ
                     F                                                    t
                                                                                                                                           F
                                                                   sy = uy t + ½ ay t2
        sy = 0                                                             ay = g             ‫׶‬          F u
                                                     F           F 0 = u sinθ t + ½ (-g) t2
                                                                    t = (2 u sinθ)/g ---(1) ( F g = 10 , t = uy/5)

                                                         F           h
                                                                 vy2 = uy2 + 2ays

                                                                 –                      F                   ˆ               F        www.schoolDD.com                                                               2
vy = 0
                                               F            F 0 = (u sinθ)2 + 2(-g)h
                                                              h = (u sinθ)2/ 2g ---(2)

                             F                 F t           h F         F u sinθ = ඥ2gh                                            (2)                (1)
                                           F               F t = 2(ඥ2gh)/g
                                                                             ଼୦
                                                                 t = ට୥
           FF                    F                                             F               F                                        F          F                   F             F
                         F F                                             F         F                                F               F



                                                                       F sx
                                                                               sx = uxt
           F t = (2 u sinθ)/g                              (1)               F sx = (u cosθ) (2 u sinθ)/g
                                                                               sx = u2 (2 sinθ cosθ/g ---(3)
                                                                               sx = u2 (sin2θ) /g ---(4)

                  (3)       (4)       F F ...
      1.      F u         F sx                sin2θ F           sin2θ = 1.0 2θ = 90°                                                                                   θ = 45°
      2.    F sx           F u F              θ = 45° F  F
      3.     F u         F sx F                      θ F           F = 90° F 30° 60°
                F sin30 cos30 = sin60 cos60 , 37° 53° F sin37 cos37 = sin53 cos53

                ˈ        F                         .....


                       60°                                                                                                                  60°

                                         45°                                                                                                      45°                u F

u F                     30°                                                                                                                  30°
                                                                                                       u           F F



                                                   F         F                                             F               F    ?
                                     F                                                                                                                       F F F               ?
                                                                                                                                                                                 F
                                                                   F                   F                                                    F F ?


                                                            –                              F       ˆ           F         www.schoolDD.com                                                3
F
        -                                                                                                       F F                                   F
        -                                                                 F                                 F                             F               g
        -                            F                                        F                                 F                 (                                     +             )
        -                                                                                         F                                                                 F
        -                                                                                                                             F
                     F                       F
        -                        F                                                                                                                                                                                   F             F
                 ˈ                                                                                                                                    F F
        -                                                                                              F                                                                                       F

                         F                                            F                   F                         F             ..
    F             1
                   F F                                                            F                                     20 m/s                                    30°
                 .                                   F
                 .                                                                            F
                 .
                .                                F        F                                                             1.5
                .                                             F                                                         1.5

                             F F                                                      F               F F                         FFF

                             y                                                                                                                                                            “                      u       ˈ


                                         u = 20 m/s                                                                                                                                                                          F F
uy = u sin30                                                                                          sy                                                                                                    F            F”
                                         30° ux = u cos30
                                                                                                                                                                                 x
                                                                                                      sx


    .                                    F                        t
                                                                                                                                                  F                          F
                                                         vy = 0                                                                                                                               vy = 0
                                                         v = u+a t
                                                                                                                                                                                                          - ay
                                                         v = u + (−g) t
                                                          y   y
                                                                                                                                                                                     + uy          - vy
                                                         0 = usin30 − g t

                                                                                              –                               F               ˆ               F         www.schoolDD.com                                               4
1
                                      usin30 20 × 2
                                   t=       =
                                         g     10
    ∴                                         t = 1 s Ans
                       F                  F                                            ˈ       F       ?

.                          F           sy max = ?
          F   . F                      F       t=1s                                                    vy = 0
                                       u+v
                               s=              t
                                        2 
                                         u y + vy 
                               sy =     
                                         2 t     
                                                  
                                                                                 20 × 1
                               sy max =  usin 30 + 0  t =
                                                     
                                                                                                   2   ×1
                                                     2                                   2
                                        = 5.0
              ∴                                       F                   sy max = 5.0 m Ans

.                      sx max = ?
                                                  F              sx = uxt (     ux                              )
                               F                                      = 1x2 = 2
                                       sx max             =       ucos 30 × t
                                                                                 3
                                                          = 20 ×                   ×2
                                                                                2
                               ∴ sx max =                 20 × 3                 m Ans

.   F F             t = 1.5 s
              t = 1.5 s
                                                                                       1 2
                  sy               F                          s            =    ut +     at
                                                                                       2
                                                                                        1
                                                                  sy =          u y t + (-g)t 2
                                                                                        2
                                                                           =    (usin 30 )t − 1 gt 2
                                                                                              2
                                                                           =    (20 × 1 2 )× 1.5 − 1 × 10(1.5) 2
                                                                                                   2
                                                                           = 15 11.25
                                                            sy             = 3.75 m
                  sx               F                       sx              = uxt
                                                                           = ucos 30 × t

                                         –                        F         ˆ      F               www.schoolDD.com   5
3
                                                                                        =       20 ×                 × 1.5
                                                                                                                2
                                                                       sx               =       15 3              m
∴ F                     F               F   15 3          m                                                     F 3.75 m                                         F Ans

.                   F              v=?                         t = 1.5 s
                                vy F                              v      =                      u + at
                                                                  vy     =                      usin 30 + (−g)t
                                                                  vy     =                          20 × 1 − 10 × 1.5
                                                                                                          2
                                                                   vy                   = -5 m/s
                                                                    ( ˈ             െ           ∴                                  F       u             )
                                                         vx        = ux                 =       ucos 30

                                                                       vx               =       20 ×
                                                                                                                2
                                                                                                                 3


                                                                       vx               =       10 3                m/s
                                    F           v                                                           F                          F    F
                                                         v         =                v2 + v2
                                                                                     x    y                     (             vx           vy                )
                                                                                                                                                             F
                    vx
                α
                                                                   = (10 3 ) 2 + (5) 2 =                                                   325

          vy                    v                        v         = 18 m/s
                                                                        ν
                                                                                    y               5                     1                 3
                                                    tan −1 α       =                    =                       =                      =
                                                                        ν                       10 3                 2 3                   6
                                                                                    x
                                                                                                3
                                                         α         =    tan −1
                                                                                                6

          ∴ F                                             18 m/s                                        tan −1
                                                                                                                          3
                                                                                                                                                         Ans
                                                                                                                          6




      F    2
                                            ˂                 10                                                      F                             20   /
           .                F                                                   F
           .                                    F         F                         F                                     ˈ                     F
           .                                                                                ˈ       F




                                                     –                      F           ˆ               F           www.schoolDD.com                                     6
u = 20 m/s                                                               “                           F F                F
                               ux            = u = 20 m/s                                             FF           FF F          ”
                 uy = 0


    sy = 10 m

                                                                             vx = ux

                                      sx                                     vy



.                              t=?
                                                            F                     F               F                          ˂       F
                                                  1 2
                       s          =        ut +     at
                                                                                                           + uy
                                                  2                                       + sy
                                               1 2
                       sy         =        0+    gt                                                               + ay = g
                                               2
                                           1
                       10         =          (10)t 2                                                       + vy
                                           2
                       t          =          2 s
     ∴             F                   t=       2   s                                 F          Ans

.                           sx max = ?
                                                                         F
                   sx             =    uxt
                  sx max          =    20 × 2                    (t = 2                     F .)
                ∴ sx max          =    20 2                     m Ans

.                           v=?

                                                u + v
                                  s =                  t
                                                 2 
                                                 uy + vy 
                                  sy =          
                                                 2 t
                                                           
                                                          
                                                   0 + vy 
                                  10 =            
                                                   2  2
                                                                                          (t =            2         F .)
                                                          
                                  vy        = 10        2           m/s
                                                                             vx = ux        = u = 20 m/s


                              –                     F           ˆ    F            www.schoolDD.com                                           7
∴             v           =       vy + vx
                                                                                        2                    2

                                 vx
                                 α
                                                                             =     (10 2 ) 2 + 20 2                                    =     600
                    vy               v                v                  =       10 6               m/s
                                                                                  vy                             10 2
                                                tan       α               =                             =
                                                                                  vx                              20
                                                                                                             2
                                                              α           =       tan −1
                                                                                                            2

                    ∴                                                 10 6       m/s                                      tan −1
                                                                                                                                              2
                                                                                                                                                                        Ans
                                                                                                                                             2


            F            3
                                                                                                F                     F                           F F           F                                 2,000
                F                        200          F                                     F                             ʾ                                                     F F           ˂
    4,000                                                 F                                         ˂                                    F

                     u = 200 m/s
                              ux = u = 200 m/s                                                                   “                                F                      F F          F
                     uy = 0                                                                                                       F          FF          FF F                                      F
                                                                                                                              F      FF   F F                       F sx max      F
sy = 2000 m
                                                                                                                                  4000 . F
                                                                                                                              sx max =uxt, F ux                     t    F     ....       ”

                                           sx max



                             F
                                                                              1 2
                                                s             =        ut +     at
                                                                              2
                                                                               1
                                                sy            =       u y t + (g)t 2
                                                                               2
                                                                            1
                                               2000 =                 0 + (10)t 2
                                                                            2
                                                t             = 20 s
                                                                                   ux                       = u = 200 m/s
                                                  sx = u x t
                                               sx max = 200 (20) = 4000 m
                    sx max                              F        ∴ ˂ Ans




                                                                  –                     F               ˆ         F                   www.schoolDD.com                                                 8
F                    4
                       F                           F F 5                          F F                               F     F                    F                       F       F
              F                                  F ˈ                        F

                                                      u = ux = ?
                                                                                                    “         F .      F         . F
                                                                                                            sx max = uxt, F sx max t                      F   .... F           ”
                   uy = 0
                                                                                   5.0 m




                                                         5.0 m

                               F
                                                           s           = ut + 1 at 2
                                                                                  2
                                                                                   1
                                                          sy           =   u y t + (g)t 2
                                                                                   2
                                                          5            =   0 + 1 (10)t 2
                                                                                 2
                                                          t     = 1 s
                                                          sx = u x t
                                                           5 = u x1
                                                           ux = 5 m/s
                  ∴ F                             F              F F                        5 m/s                                 !! Ans

          F                5
                                                                                                   20                                       F 37°                          F
                   25                        /                 F                   F               FF F                 F F                15                                      F
                                         F
                                   ux
                                        37°            u = 25 m/s
                  uy                                                                               “        F .               F            3. F uy ≠ 0”
sy = 20 m



                                                        15.0 m



                                                                   –                    F      ˆ        F     www.schoolDD.com                                                         9
F                                F
                                             ux              =   ucos37 o             = 25x  4  = 20 m/s
                                                                                             
                                                                                              5
                                             uy              =   usin37 o             =   25x  3  =
                                                                                                                   15 m/s
                                                                                              5
                                                                                                                                   F
                                                                                1 2
                                                 s                   =   ut +     at
                                                                                2
                                                                                 1
                                             sy                      =   u y t + (g)t 2
                                                                                  2
                                            20                       =   15t + 1 (10)t 2
                                                                                 2
                          t 2 + 3t − 4= 0
                          (t-1) (t+4) = 0
                                   ∴t =1 s
                               sx max sx = u x t
                                              sx max = 20 x 1 = 20 m ് 15 m
                                            ∴          F           Ans

          F         6
                                                                              F                                                            F 5.00               F               F
                F                       F            F                    F                              F                             ˅                F

uy = u sin45                                                                                                                  “F               F   ..               F       F
                        u=?
                                                                                                                                                   ”
                        45°   ux = u cos45

                                                     sx max = 5.0 m


                                    F F                                                                      F                 F
               F F            45o
                                             F                                                                        F F
                          ux        =       ucos45 o
                          uy        =       usin45 o
                          ux        =        uy
                                                                                  (                                                        F                F           )
                                F
                                                                                                     1 2
                                                                     s                =       ut +     at
                                                                                                     2

                                                                 –                            F      ˆ           F      www.schoolDD.com                                            10
1
                                                   sy                 =               u yt +   a yt2
                                                                                             2
                                                                                             1
                                                       0                  =           u y t + (-10)t 2
                                                                                             2
                                                                                      uy
                                                       t              =                     = ux
                                                                                      5         5




                                   sx                  =       uxt
                                                                  u 
                                   5.0                 =       ux  x 
                                                                   5 
                                   ux                  = 5.0 m/s
                                                                ux                                           5
                                   u                   =                                  =                 1
                                                               cos45
                                                                                                                      2
                                   u                   =                  5 2
                 ∴                             F                          F                                5 2            m/s Ans

       F                                                   F      F                                F         ˆ            F       F                F        45o       F
                 F                 60o                                F                                           F           F            F                              5.00



  F    7
        F F                                                60                                  53 o                                   F                25         /
      .     F              F
      . F                      F                                                  F
      . F                                F                                    F

                     u = 25 m/s
            uy                                                                                         “                             F F                    F
                     53°
                                                                                                                 FF               FF F         ”
                     ux


sy = 60 m




                                             sx max




                                                   –                                  F    ˆ   F            www.schoolDD.com                                                     11
.           F                               t= ?
                                                              3
                        ux        =   u cos53        = 25           = 15 m/s
                                                             5
                                                             4
                        uy        =   u sin53        = 25           = 20 m/s
                                                             5
                                                     (                 F                                    F
F       )
                                               1 2
                                  s =    ut +    at                                  vy = 0
                                               2
                                                1
                                  sy =   u yt + a yt2                             + uy
                                                2                             + sy
                              -60 = 20t + ½(-10)t2                                                   - ay
                                                                              - sy
                       t2 4t -12 = 0                                          u=
                                                                                              - vy
                      (t-6) (t+2) = 0
                            ∴ t = 6 s Ans

    . sx max = ?

                                 sx = u x t
                             sx max = u x t
                                     = 15 x 6
                    ∴ sx max         = 90 m Ans

    . sy max = ?
                                                                  F
                                      vy= 0
                        v2        = u 2 + 2as
                        v2
                         y        = u 2 + 2a y s
                                      y

                       0          = 202 + 2 (-10) sy
                       sy         = 20 m
                     sy max       = 60 + sy = 60 + 20
            ∴                          = 80 m Ans




                              –                  F       ˆ    F       www.schoolDD.com                          12
4.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                       F                F                                                                             F                      ˈ
                                                                                                                                                 ˈ
                                                                                        v
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       v2
                                                                                                                                                 Fc = mac                                                                                         ac =
                                                                                                m                                                                                                                                                       r
                                                    T = Fc                                                                                                                                                                                                             2πr
                                                                                                                                                                     v2                                                                           v = ωr =                  = 2πrf
                                                                                                                                                                 = m                                                                                                    T
                                                                                                                                                                     r
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       θ     2π
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ω =    =     = 2πf
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        t    T
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       s
“                                                                                                                                               T ˈ                                       F                                                                        θ =             r s
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       r            θ
                                                                                                        2
          F       ˈ                 F                   F              T = Fc = mv /r
                                                                        ˈ                                       F                                                    v                                                                F                                                                       F F F              F
                                                                                                                                        F                                                                                                                                                     F                          F
                                            F                               F                                                                                                    F                                  F             ˈ                        F           F              Fc                             F                   m
                              F F                   F                  ac
                                                                                            F                                                        F                                                                      F             F

“                     F                                                                                 F                           F                                                                                                                          ˈ                                  r F                        v
              v
                                                                        T                                                                                                                     F1                                                       F           ˈ
              r θ                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    1
                                                                                    f                                                                                                                                           F 1                                ˈ F                                                   (f=             )
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     T
                                                                   F                ˈ 1/                                                                                     F (Hz)
                                                                                        F                               v                                                                                                                             F1                       (= 2πr ) F                        1               (=T)
                                                                       2πr
                                                            (v=                         )                           F                       ˈ                        /                                                                                                                            2
                                                                        T
                                                                                                                        ω                                                                                          F1                     (= 2π ) F                                   1               (= T)
                                                                        2π
                                                            (ω =           )                                F                   ˈ                                        /
                                                                        T

“                                                                                                                                                                        F F                                   F                              ˈ                                                               F F”

                                                                                                    F                                                                                                                                             F
                                                F                                                                                                            F                                 ˈ                                                                                          F               F
                                                                                F                                                                        ˈ                               F F               F                                                               F      F
                          ʽ             F                    4
                                                                                                                            T                                                f                                                                             ω




                                                                                                –                                                                F                   ˆ             F               www.schoolDD.com                                                                                                          13
F    8
    F                 0.1                                                       1.0         F                  10        /

         .
         .
         .                          F
        .
        .              F F              F
         .            F F


                 r =1.0 m
                                                             v = 10 m/s                           “                    F F       F
                                                                m = 0.1 kg                             FF           FF F     ”
                                            T = Fc




        .                T=?
             F v, r      T F
                                                         2πr
                        v                   =
                                                          T
                                                         2πr               22
                        T                   =                   = 2×                × 1.0
                                                          v                7          10
             ∴          T                   =            0.63 s. Ans.

    .                        f=?
                                                         1
                        f                   =
                                                         T
                                                          1
                                            =
                                                         0.63
                        ∴f                   = 1.59 Hz           Ans.

.                                  F
             ∴              v   = 10 m/s                         Ans.

.                                               ω   =?
                        v       = ωr
                                            v 10
                        ω       =            =
                                            r 1.0
             ∴          ω       = 1.0 rad/s                      Ans.
                                                     –                 F        ˆ      F    www.schoolDD.com                         14
.                                  F F       F         ac      =?
                                                               2
                                                           v
                               ac            =
                                                            r
                                                           102
                                             =
                                                           1.0
             ∴                 ac            =             100             m/s2                     Ans.

.                          F         F           Fc    =?
                               Fc            =          mac
                                             =          0.1 × 100
             ∴                 Fc            =          10 N Ans. ( F                                                                F                  )

        F         9
                                         F                                                                                               F                                                            1
            30°                                                                                             F                                                       F F 2                                 F
    F                          F

                                                  l=1m
                                                                                                                             “                      F               F                   F F
                                                               T
                                                                           v            Tsin30                                               FF F                               T             ˈ
                                                                   30°
                                                                                                                             2                                  ”
                                                        Tcos30

                                                                                    mg                               “                         T cos30          F           ˈ       F             F


                                                 w=2N
                               T=W=2N                                          ˈ                F                        F       F                      F   F           ˀ
                               Tcos30 = Fc                             ˈ                    F       F
                                                       3
             ∴                 Fc            = 2
                                                
                                                          
                                                                  =       3            N Ans.
                                                       2 
                               Tsin30 =                    mg
                                                            2 1
                               m             =               ×                        = 0.10 kg
                                                           10  2 
                      ac                     Fc            =                       mac
                                             ac            =                        3 / 0.10
             ∴                               ac            =                       10 3             m/s2              Ans.
                                                                                    2
                                                                                   v
                      v                      ac            =                                    , r=                l cos 30
                                                                                    r

                                                       –                                F               ˆ       F        www.schoolDD.com                                                                 15
3
                          v2           =          10 3             (1.0 ×                 )
                                                                                     2
                ∴         v            =              15               m/s            Ans.



 F     10
                             F                                     F                          F ˈ
37o
                                                                                                            “              F       F       F F
                                                                                                                    FF F               T         ˈ
                                                                                                            2                  ”
      37°                                                                  37°

                l=1m                                                                      T
                                                                                                        Tcos37
                                                                                                  37°

                                                               Tsin37
                         m

                                                                                                        mg

                                        “                  T sin37                    F       ˈ         F       F


                Tsin37 = Fc
                                 mv 2
                Tsin37 =                    ---------(1)
                                  r
                ∑F   y   =0
                Tcos37 = mg ----------(2)

                                        v2
      (1)/(2) , tan37 =                           ( r = l sin37 = 1x 3 )
                                        rg                                                    5
                                        3 3
                v2       =                 ×      × 10
                                        4 5
                                         3
      ∴         v        =                      m/s                    Ans.
                                            2
            ω             v            =          ωr
                                                      3                5
                          ω            =                       ×
                                                       2               3
                                                      5
                ∴         ω            =                       rad/s                  Ans.
                                                      2




                                   –                       F           ˆ         F        www.schoolDD.com                                           16
F         11
                F             0.4             3 F             F F F                    F           3 F                      F   F     1
                                F             ˈ                F                                             F                      F F   F
               12             /
                                                                                                   “                    F             F   F F
                                                                                                                     FF F ”
      v3 = 12 m/s
                             T3         T3      T2      T2                    T1
               m3                             m2                    m1




                                         3 F                              F                              F
               T, f                 ω      F
                         ω                F 3            v  = ωr
                                                         12 = ω (3)
                                                         ω = 4 rad/s
                     T3                  m3
                                         T3         =    Fc
                                                              2
                                                         m3v3
     v3                                  T3         =
                                                           r
               T3                                        0.4 × (12) 2
                                                    =
          m3                                                 3.0
                                         T3         =    19.2 N                            Ans.
                     T2                  m2
     v2                                  T2   T3 =      Fc (         F                       F F    F            )
T3             T2                        T2   T3 =      m2 ω2 r
          m2                             T2   19.2 =    0.4 × 42 × 2
                              ∴          T2       =     32 N                               Ans.
                     T1                  m1
                                         T1   T2 =       Fc
     v1
                                         T1   T2 =       m1 ω2 r
T2             T1
                                         T1   32 =       0.4 × 42 × 1
          m1                  ∴          T1      =       38.4 N                            Ans.


                                                –               F     ˆ            F        www.schoolDD.com                                    17
4.3                                                                                    F
                             1.                                                      F
                                                      F          F                                                                                                      F               F                                          F            ˈ           F         F

                                                                .                          F                                                                                                                                                             fs = Fc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                0 < f s ≤ µs N
                                                                                                                                    “                                                       fs                   F                             F 0 < Fc ≤ µ s N
                                                                                                                                                ˈ                           F               F                                                            mv 2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    0<         ≤ µ s mg
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          r
                                  fs                                                               r
                                                                                                                                                                                        fs = Fc                                                     0<   v2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              ≤ µs
                                                                                 ߤs                                                                                                                                                                      rg
                                              v                                                                                                                                                                                                     0< v    ≤             µ s rg
                                                                                                   “ F                                                                              ˈ                                ”


                             “                            0< v               ≤           µ s rg                               F F                                                                        Fv               F                F
                                  F                       F F                                  F                 F0                                                 F                                    µ s rg ”


                                                                .                                                         F
                                                                                                       F                            F                       F F                                                                F                            FR                     N
                                                                                                               fs F                                          F

                                                                                                           Rcosθ = N

                                              θ
                                                                R
                                                                                                                                                                R
                                                                                                                                                                                                                               tan θ =                          ν2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                rg
            cm                                                                                                                          θ
                                                                                                                                                                                Rsinθ = fs
                                                                                                                      cm
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     mv 2
                         N                                mg                                                                                                                                                                  R sin θ = Fc =
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      r
                                                      fs                                                                                    mg                                                                                R cos θ = mg
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 fs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    tan θ   =
                     “                            ˈ                              ”                               “                                                      R sinθ                           F                                                       N
                                                                                                                      ˈ                             F                   F                                                                       0 < f s ≤ µs N
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                       F        0 < tan θ ≤ µ s
             tan θ = ν                                                                                                                                                                               v
                                  2
“                                                                        F                 F θ                    F                                                                                          F
                                 rg
                 F           F        F                    F F                                                                                          F
        F                                                                        F F ...                                            ..                          F                                F ..
    F                    F                F                          F                                                                      F                                                    tan θ ≤ µ s ”


                                                                                                           –                                                F                   ˆ                F               www.schoolDD.com                                                  18
2.                                        F
                                  F           F                                                                                                  F       ˈ            F   F

                                                          .                    F
                                                                                                                                                             “               N sinθ          F   ˈ     F
                         Ncosθ

                                              θ
                                                          N                                            Nsinθ = Fc                                                 F       ( F                        F F
                                                                                                                                                                           )
                                                                      Nsinθ

                                                  mg                           θ                                                                                                      mv 2
                                                                                                                                                             N sin θ = Fc =
                                                                                                                                                                                       r
                                                                                                                                                             N cos θ = mg
        tan      θ=ν                                                                                                       v
                     2
“                                                                 F                F θ       F                                     F                                          v2
                   rg                                                                                                                                            tan θ    =
             F            F               F           F F                                                                  θ F                                                rg

    F                    v            F                                   F F ... F              F                     F           F ..



                 .                                                                 F


                 Ncosθ
                                                      θ       N

                                                                            Nsinθ
                                                                                                              tan θ =                         ν2
                                                                                                                                              rg



                          mg                                               θ




                                                                                                            tan θ = ν
                                                                                                                               2
        “            F                                        F                                  θ                                     F             F
                                                                                                                           rg

                         v                                                     θ F                                 F                        F F ... F
                              F                                       F                              F ..




                                                                                         –              F      ˆ           F               www.schoolDD.com                                                19
F             12
F                          FF                         72                            /                                          F          100                    400
                F F               .                                             F                                          F 0.1


                                                                                                                       “              F            F F                     F
                                                                                                                                          fs        ˈ        F   F     ”

                                 fs                                         r

                                                           ߤ = 0.1
                      v = 20 m/s




                                                                                                  103
                                           v       = 72 ./ . = 72 ×                                                        /        = 20 m/s
                                                                                                 60 × 60
                                      fs             =                 Fc
                                                                       mv 2
                                      µN             =
                                                                        r
                                                                       mv 2
                                      µmg            =
                                                                        r
                                      v      =                          µrg              ˈ                                         F F                   F F
                                      r = 100 m,               v   =                0.1(100) ×10                 = 10 m/s < 20 m/s F                       Ans
                                      r = 400 m,               v   =                0.1(400) ×10                 = 20 m/s ≥ 20 m/s                         Ans

            F         13
                      F                F                                                     F           F             ˈ       F               F         .
    F            ˈ    µ                                    F ˈ          F
                                      fs = fc                                                        F
                                                   mv 2
                           µmg                 =
                                                       r
                                                     2
                                                   v
                         ‫׵‬        µ        =
                                                   rg
                             F   µ ‫ן‬           v2          r           g
                                      ஜ                    ୴మ
                     ∴                ஜ F
                                                     =
                                                           ୴మ F
                                                            ஜ୴మ
                                      μ              =
                                                           ሺଶ୴ሻమ
                                                            µ
                     ∴                μ              =                  Ans
                                                            4


                                                                   –                             F           ˆ     F       www.schoolDD.com                                    20
F           14
                        F                             F F                15             /                                                F 30                F
                  F


  Rcosθ
                      θ           R

                                      Rsinθ
             N              mg

                            fs
                                                                 v2
                                 tan θ =
                                                                 rg
                                                                  152                       15                       3
                                 tan θ =                                            =                        =
                                                                 30 × 10                    20                       4
                                 ∴        θ       =              37o
             ∴ F                                            90 - θ =              53o                                              Ans

         F       15
                                          F                                                     F                               F 200                                   tan
θ = 0.45                                                             F                                                         F F            F F                   F
                  F ˈ             F           F       F                                                  F               F


                      Ncosθ                                                                 “                                  F   F            F       FF
                                          N
                                                                                                    FF F                 ”
                                      θ
                 fs                                Nsinθ
    fscosθ
         fssinθ                       mg                    θ


                                 fs = 0
                                                                                  v2
                                                  tan θ =
                                                                                  rg
                                                                                    v2
                                                  0.45           =
                                                                                  200 (10 )
                                                  v = 30 m/s = 108 km/hr
∴                                                                             F             F                                             F         108 km/hr Ans



                                                             –                          F            ˆ           F           www.schoolDD.com                            21
F   16
    F F F                  F                                  F                  F                           F F F    9                            .
  F F                              µ s = 0.1                           F             F                         F F F                     F F                   F
      F                            ( F cm.                                                         F F          0.5 )



                                                 r


                                                                                 fs
                                             N            θ
                                                                                             0.5
                                                      mg




                           N                 =                    Fc (                                                     F F   F   ˈ         F       F   )
                                                                         mv 2
                       N                     =                                                 -----------(1)
                                                                      ( r − 0 . 5)
                      ∑F =           y                            0
                      fs                     =                    mg
                      µs N                   =                    mg ------------(2)
                      1                                                    v2
      (1)/(2) ,                              =
                      µs                                              ( r − 0 . 5) g
                       1                                                   v2
                                             =
                      0 .1                                            (4.5 − 0.5)g
                  ∴   v                      =                    20 m/s                                 =         72 km/hr
                                                     fs                    µs N
                      tan θ =                                     =                      =         µs    =         0.1
                                                     N                      N
∴ F         F                  F         F 72 km/hr                                                            tan-1 0.1                           F F             Ans




                                         –                                   F           ˆ           F       www.schoolDD.com                                        22
4.4
                                                                                                                                        F                F                                                                     F                 ˈ
                                                                                              ˈ                                                 F                                                    F F                            F
  ˈ                                                                T                                                   mg (                                                            F F                 F                       F F       )               F   ˈ
      F           F               FC                           F                                  ˈ                                 r F                                   v
                      v           D

                          mg                                                                                                                                                       mν 2
                                                                                                                                                    A                         TA mg =
                          TD                                                           v                                                                                            r
                                                                                                                                                                                  mν 2
                                                               TC
                                                                                       C
                                                                                                                                                    B                TB mg cos θ=
                                                                                                                                                                                   r
                                           θ           TB                              mg                                                                                         mν 2
                          TA
                                                                       v                                                                            C                        TC =
                                                                               B                                                                                                    r
                                                                                                                                                                        TD + mg = mν
                                                                                                                                                                                       2

                              A                v
                                                                               θ
                                                                                           mg cosθ                                                  D
                                                                                                                                                                                     r
                                                                   mg
                                  mg



          F
              -                        F                                   F                                            F               ˈ F                                                                                F
                          F                                                                                                              F F                                                                           F
                                                                                                  F .F .                        F                                F                               F F           F                                     F
                              ˈ                F                   F

              -                                        F                                                   F                                                              F F                                          4                 F
              -                                                                              v                 F                                             F               F F             ˈ                                                           F
                                                                       v                                               F A                                                 F                     D
              -                                    F                                         F D                         F                                                         ˈ                               F
                                                                                                                                    0                        mv       2
                                                           F                       T=0                 F               TD + mg =                                           --> v =                   rg
                                                                                                                                                              r
                          v

              1
                                                                               v   ≥ rg                                                                                            1
                          2 3                                                  v   < rg                                                                                            2
                                                                               v   =0                                                                                          3




                                                                                   –                               F        ˆ               F           www.schoolDD.com                                                                                             23
F   17
        1                                                                  1                     F        F      F               ˈ                      F
            F F                            F                           ˈ                     F                                       F              F       F A,
B,C,   D
                                                                                                                                         mg cos60
                D                                                                                                      D

                                       C                                                                             mg                    C
                                                                                                                             TC
                                                                                                                     TD
                                                                                                                           60°            mg
                    60°

                                                   B                                                                                 TB         B

                                                                                                                     TA                        mg

                                                                                                                      A
            A
                                                                                                                       mg
                    “                              F           F                   F                 FF
                        FF F           ”


                    v          F                       F                   F D
                                    ˈ                      F                           ∴ TD = 0                       Ans
       D                           TD + mg                         =                   Fc
                                                                                           mv 2
                                   TD + mg                         =
                                                                                            r
                                                                                           mv 2
                                   0 + mg                          =
                                                                                            r
                                                   v2              = rg = 1.0 x 10 = 10
       A                           TA mg                           =      Fc
                                                                                       mv 2
                                   TA mg                           =
                                                                                         r
                                                                                       mv 2
                                                   TA              =                          + mg
                                                                                         r
                                                                                       1(10 )
            F     v 2 = 10                 F TA                    =                           + 1(10 )
                                                                                         1
                                   ∴               TA              =                   20 N                          Ans

       B                                           TB              =                   Fc
                                                                                       mv 2
                                                   TB              =
                                                                                         r
                                                                                       1(10 )
                                                                   =
                                                                                         1


                                               –                               F       ˆ              F       www.schoolDD.com                               24
∴            TB              =                     10 N                                       Ans

             C                                  TC + mg cos 60                                                   =               Fc
                                                                                                                         mv 2
                                                TC + mg cos 60                                                   =
                                                                                                                          r
                                                                                      mv 2
                                                TC              =                                           - mg cos 60
                                                                                        r
                                                                                      1(10)
                                                                =                                           - 1(10) ( 1 )
                                                                                        1                                        2
                                   ∴            TC              =                     5N                                         Ans

F            18
                                        F       F                                                            F                                8                               F               F   F
                                  F F                  1          4                                                                                                                       F

                  N = ¼ mg
    v=?
                                                      “                                   F             F                            F   FF
                  mg                                       FF F                   ”
r=8m




        N + mg            =        Fc                                                                                        +                    ˈ           F           F
                                                    mv 2
        N + mg                     =
                                                      r
            mg                                      mv 2
               + mg                =
             4                                        r
                                                    5
                     v2            =                  rg
                                                    4
                                                    5
                                   =                  (8)(10)
                                                    4
                   ∴          v    =            10 m/s                                Ans


    F
        -                                                  FF             ˈ
                     F                                                F                       F F                    F                                F           ˈ               F   F
                         mv 2
              FC =                                                                                  F                    F       F                        F           ˈ
                          r


                                            –                                 F       ˆ         F                    www.schoolDD.com                                                             25
4.5
                                                  ˈ                                                              F                                            FG ˈ          F
      F

                                                                                                                     FG = Fc
                                                          v
              r                           FG                                     m2                                      Gm1m 2 m 2 v 2
                                                                                                                                =
                                                                                                                           r2       r
                             m1
                                                                                                                               Gm 1
                                                                                                                         v =
                                                                                                                                     r




      -                                       F                       ˈ          F        F
      -                          F
      -                                                                                                    F
      -                                                       v            F                                         m1 F                              m2 (                      )



          F       19
                                      F               F                                           4600                           F                   F 6400
6 ×1024                                                       ,                F ,                                                               (            F G = 6.6 ×10-11
Nm2/kg2)


                                          v                                                            “                                 F   F   F       FF
      r                          FG                                       m2                                   FF F          ”

                       m1


              r = 4.6 × 106 + 6.4 × 106 = 11.0 × 106 m
                      FG       =       FC
              Gm 1 m 2                                                m2 v2
                                                  =
                r2                                                      r
                                                                      Gm 1
                            v2                    =
                                                                       r
                                                                          Gm 1                    6.6 ×10 −11 × 6 × 10 24
                            v                     =                                   =
                                                                           r                            11 × 106

                                                                  –                           F    ˆ                 F      www.schoolDD.com                                         26
∴             v             =            6.0 × 103 m/s                                       Ans
                                              v2
                ac               =
                                               r
                                              (6.0 ×103 ) 2
                                 =
                                                  11.0 ×106
                ∴                ac           =              3.27 m/s2                                 Ans
                   v             =            ωr
                                              v               6.0 ×103
                ω                =                   =
                                              r              11.0 ×106
                ω                =            5.45 × 10-4                     rad / s                           Ans
                                              2π
                ω                =
                                              T
                                              2π                     22     1
                T                =                   =       2×         ×
                                              ω                      7 5.45 ×10 − 4
     ∴          T                =            11.52 × 103 s                                                     Ans

F        20
                                                                                      F                          ˈ    2 F                   F
                                      F                  F           F                                  F       6×106
               v
                            m2

              FG1                                                “                                 F        F             F    FF
    m3
    m3
                                                                     FF F                 ”
                       2r
FG2       r
     m1




                                 FG1 = FC
                                 Gm 1 m 2                                             m2 v2
                                                             =
                                  ( 3r ) 2                                             3r
                                                                                      Gm 1
                                 v2                          =                                    ---------(1)
                                                                                       3r
              F F                 F G                                        m1               F                       F       Gm1   F
                                                                                                                F F                     F



                                                             m3g              =                   FG2
                                                                                                  Gm 1 m 3
                                                             m3g              =
                                                                                                    r2


                                          –                              F        ˆ       F            www.schoolDD.com                         27
Gm1       =         gr2 ---------(2)
                             gr 2
F (2)   (1) ,   v2       =
                              3r
                             10(6 × 10 6 )
                v2       =
                                  3
        ∴       v        =   4.47 × 103 m/s              Ans




                     –             F   ˆ     F     www.schoolDD.com   28
4.6                                         ʽ               F               (S.H.M.)
                  ˈ                                                                                            F                F                       F   F
                                                                                       F                   F                    ˈ F
                            F
                                                                                                                                            F


                                                                                                                   F




                                                                                F                                           S.H.M.

                                                                            ˈ                  F


                                                                                                                            x = r cos θ
                                y                                                                                             = r cos ω t

                                        v                                                                                    vx         = - v sin θ
                                            θ
                                        a                                                                                               = - ωr sin ωt
                                r
                                θ                                                                  x
                                        x                               “
                                                                                                                            ax = - a cos θ
                                                                                    S.H.M.                                     = - ω r cos ωt   2

                                                                                     ”
                      vx , ax                                                                                                  = -ω x           2




“                                   ˈ                   F                         F                                              θ
                  x                                                             S.H.M.                                       ω =    --> θ = ω t
                                                                                                                                 t
F                                               F                               x                                            v = ωr
    F         ”                                                                                                             a       =
                                                                                                                                         v2
                                                                                                                                            = ω2 r
                                                                                                                                          r

                           x=                               F
                           vx =                                                                            x
                           ax =                                 F                                          x



                                                                    –                      F           ˆ               F   www.schoolDD.com                     29
Note :                       xmas                       =                                                    =r                  θ = 0o
                              v x max                   = - v = - ωr             θ    = 90 o =              π/ 2         rad
                             ax max                     = -a = - ω2 r                θ = 0o
                                                          F                      ,                                           F
                                           ˈ             (+)                                   ˈ           (-)                         F

         F      21
                                                    1                                ʽ             F                               F           0.5   F
     1.0
                .
                .                                              0.5
                .                                           0.5
               .               F                            0.5
               .
                .                      F
                .                  F                          F 0.5
                .                                              F 0.5

                    y                                                            “                               F   F                     F   F F
                                                                                             FF F           ”
                        v
                              θ
                                                                                                                         F
                                                   m = 0.001                                       x = r cos θ = r cos ωt
                        a
                             r = 1.0                                                               v x = - v sin θ = - ωr sin ωt
                     θ                                                       x
                                                                                                   ax = - a cos θ = - ω2 r cos ωt = - ω2 x
                        x                      f = 0.5




 .   ω       = ? , F f = 0.5
                                                    2π
                              ω                =              = 2 πf = 2 π × 0.5
                                                    T
                              ω                =        π            rad/s               Ans

 . x= ?                     t = 0.5 s
                                                        x            = r cos ωt
                                                                     = 1.0 cos( π × 0.5)

                                                                 –               F       ˆ             F    www.schoolDD.com                             30
∴         x           =0m                      Ans

. vx = ?                 t = 0.5 s
                             vx          =          - ωr sin ωt
                                         =          - π(1.0) sin(π ×0.5)
                   ∴         vx          =          - π m/s              F          Ans

. ax = ?              t = 0.5 s
                         ax     =                   - ω2 r cos θ
                                =                   - π 2 (1.0) cos(π ×0.5)
                     ∴ ax       =                   0 m/s Ans

.   v x max   =?
                    vx       =           ωr sin ωt

                   v x max   =           ωr         (           sin ωt = 1 ∴       ωt    = π)
                                                                                          2
                             =           π(1.0)
         ∴         v x max   =           π    m/s                Ans

.   a x max   =?
                   ax        =               ω2 r cos ωt
                   a x max   =           ω2 r        (          cos ωt = 1 ∴        ωt   = 0)
                             =           π 2 (1.0)
         ∴         a x max   =           π2     m/s2              Ans

. ax = ?           x = 0.5 m
                   ax       =            ω2 x
                            =            π 2 (0.5)
                                         π2
         ∴         ax        =                                    m/s2       Ans
                                         2
.   vx   =?          x = 0.5 m
                   x      =              r cos ωt        ----------(1)
                   vx     =              ωr sin ωt
                    vx
                             =           r sin ωt        ----------(2)
                    ω




                                     –                      F     ˆ      F    www.schoolDD.com   31
2               2                   2         v2
(1) + (2) ,                           x+         x
                                                                 =                    r2( cos2 ωt + sin2 ω t )
                                                ω2
                                                     v2
                                                      x          =                        ω2 (r 2        - x2 )
                                                     vx          =                        ω r2 − x2
                              F                      vx          =                        π 12 − 0.5 2
                                      ∴              vx          =                        π 0.75                               m/s              Ans


      F
          -                                                                       ʽ          F                                     F                  F                           F
                      F                                                                                                                          F F
                                          FF                          F               F                                F                                                    F F
                                                      F                   F                      F



                                                                                                                                                                      F F
                                  k
                                                                                      k
                                                m                                                                                          T=      π
                                                                                                                                                  2π
                                                                                                                                                              m
                                                                                                                                                              k
                                                                              m

                                                                                                                 “ F                                      F           F
                                                                                                                                                              …                       T
                                                                                                                                            ”
                                                     F , a
                                  k
                                                m         m
                                                     x

                                               F = ma
                                               F = - kx                                     F ˈ
                                                                  F                         F                                          x        k ˈ F
                                                     − kx
                          F                    a=
                                                      m
                                               a = - ω2 x
                                                     k                                       k
                          FF          ω2         =           -->              ω   =
                                                     m                                       m
                                                     2π                                                  m                                        1 k
                                      ω         =           --> T =                       2π                                               f=
                                                     T                                                   k                                       2π m


              -                   (T)                       (f)                                                                F                (m)               F           (k) F
                                                             –                                       F       ˆ             F       www.schoolDD.com                                       32
F 22
    100                       F                                                       1                                                 10                  F
F                                      ʽ         F                                                   2       /
       .
       .


                k
                                  v                                   “                   F                  F           F F
                          m            m                                          FF F ”
                                  x


       .            T=?
                                                     m                                                                         ୊       ଵ
                T         =                2π                           Fm            k              F = kx ∴ k =              ୶
                                                                                                                                   =   ଴.ଵ
                                                                                                                                             = 10 N/m
                                                     k
                                                     100×10−3
            F             =                2π
                                                        10
                ∴T =                       0.2 π = 0.63                       s           Ans

       .                                                             xmax = r = ? F vx max = 2 m/s
                vx        =                ωr sin ωt
                v x max   =                ωr            (           sin ωt = 1)
                                            ଶ஠
                          =                ሺ ሻr
                                            ୘
                                                      ୘
            ∴ r           =           v x max        ሺ ሻ
                                                     ଶ஠
                                           ଴.ଶ஠
              r           =           2 ሺ ଶ஠ ሻ
            ∴ r           =            0.20 m Ans

                                             F               F          F F

                                                                                                                                       F F
                θ
                          l
                                                                                                             T=      2π
                                                                                                                                   l
                                                                                                                                   g
                     x

                              θ                                                       “                  F       F                                      F
      mg sin θ
                                       mg cos
                                                                                                 F                   T                            ”
                          mg



                                       –                         F        ˆ       F           www.schoolDD.com                                                  33
F           θ                        ˈ           ∴                                                                                  F   ˈ                                        F   F
                x
            v
            x                        ˈ                                    F                             F               (                               ˈ         (+))
            v
            F                        ˈ                    (                        F            ˈ           (-))
                  F = ma
        F - mg sin θ = ma
                   a = -g sin θ
                             a = -g ( x )
                                             l
            a = -ω x         2


                             g
            ω2           =
                             l
                                     g
∴           ω            =
                                     l
                2π                   g
                         =
                T                    l
                                         l
∴           T =              2π
                                         g
    -                    (T)                     (f)                                   F                    F               F                       F             (l)    F
                           F F                    (g) F

        F           23
                                                              F       F                F F                      1                               F                  0.4       F
            F        ˈ 5                                  F       F                                             F


                                                                                                “                   F                       F               F F
                                                  ℓ
                                                                                                            FF F ”




                                                      F                       F            F F
                                                                                                l
                                             T                =                   2π
                                                                                                g
                                                                                                0 .4
                                 F           T                =                   2π
                                                                                                10
                                                              =                   0.4π s                        Ans
                                                                  ଵ                ଵ
                                                  f =                 =                         = 2.5/π                         /               Ans
                                                                  ୘               ଴.ସ஠
                                                          –                                 F       ˆ           F       www.schoolDD.com                                                 34
F                     F   ˈ 5                             F           F                                              F       ?
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                         1. ˈ
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                         3. ˈ                                                                                     F
                         4.                               F                                                                                           F               F

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                         6.               F                           F                                                                                           F
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                    FF        F F                                                                     F                                  F        F             F




                                                  –                           F           ˆ               F           www.schoolDD.com                                                35

การเคลื่อนนที่แบบต่างๆ

  • 1.
      SchoolDD.com 4 www.schoolDD.com
  • 2.
    4 F F F F F F F F F 4.1 F F (projectile) F F F F F F F F F ˈ 2 F F F F F F F ˈ 2 1. F F F θ y vy = 0 vy vx = ux u vx = ux vx = ux uy = u sinθ vy θ vx = ux ux = u cosθ x vy - F - F F F4 ( a= g) - F F sx = uxt - ˈ F 2. F y u ux =u uy = 0 vx = ux vy vx = ux vy vx = ux x vy – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 1
  • 3.
    - F - F F F F F g - F F sx = uxt 2 F t F F F F F F ˈ F F F Fʿ F F F F F F F ... F 4 F F ... 1. v = u + at 2. s = (u + v)/2 x t 3. s = ut + ½ at2 4. v2 = u2 + 2as F a F g +, - F u ˈ +, F u ˈ .. F F F F F F y u uy h θ ux x sx F ux = u cosθ uy = u sinθ F t F sy = uy t + ½ ay t2 sy = 0 ay = g ‫׶‬ F u F F 0 = u sinθ t + ½ (-g) t2 t = (2 u sinθ)/g ---(1) ( F g = 10 , t = uy/5) F h vy2 = uy2 + 2ays – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 2
  • 4.
    vy = 0 F F 0 = (u sinθ)2 + 2(-g)h h = (u sinθ)2/ 2g ---(2) F F t h F F u sinθ = ඥ2gh (2) (1) F F t = 2(ඥ2gh)/g ଼୦ t = ට୥ FF F F F F F F F F F F F F F F sx sx = uxt F t = (2 u sinθ)/g (1) F sx = (u cosθ) (2 u sinθ)/g sx = u2 (2 sinθ cosθ/g ---(3) sx = u2 (sin2θ) /g ---(4) (3) (4) F F ... 1. F u F sx sin2θ F sin2θ = 1.0 2θ = 90° θ = 45° 2. F sx F u F θ = 45° F F 3. F u F sx F θ F F = 90° F 30° 60° F sin30 cos30 = sin60 cos60 , 37° 53° F sin37 cos37 = sin53 cos53 ˈ F ..... 60° 60° 45° 45° u F u F 30° 30° u F F F F F F ? F F F F ? F F F F F ? – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 3
  • 5.
    F - F F F - F F F g - F F F ( + ) - F F - F F F - F F F ˈ F F - F F F F F F .. F 1 F F F 20 m/s 30° . F . F . . F F 1.5 . F 1.5 F F F F F FFF y “ u ˈ u = 20 m/s F F uy = u sin30 sy F F” 30° ux = u cos30 x sx . F t F F vy = 0 vy = 0 v = u+a t - ay v = u + (−g) t y y + uy - vy 0 = usin30 − g t – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 4
  • 6.
    1 usin30 20 × 2 t= = g 10 ∴ t = 1 s Ans F F ˈ F ? . F sy max = ? F . F F t=1s vy = 0 u+v s=  t  2   u y + vy  sy =   2 t    20 × 1 sy max =  usin 30 + 0  t =   2 ×1  2  2 = 5.0 ∴ F sy max = 5.0 m Ans . sx max = ? F sx = uxt ( ux ) F = 1x2 = 2 sx max = ucos 30 × t 3 = 20 × ×2 2 ∴ sx max = 20 × 3 m Ans . F F t = 1.5 s t = 1.5 s 1 2 sy F s = ut + at 2 1 sy = u y t + (-g)t 2 2 = (usin 30 )t − 1 gt 2 2 = (20 × 1 2 )× 1.5 − 1 × 10(1.5) 2 2 = 15 11.25 sy = 3.75 m sx F sx = uxt = ucos 30 × t – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 5
  • 7.
    3 = 20 × × 1.5 2 sx = 15 3 m ∴ F F F 15 3 m F 3.75 m F Ans . F v=? t = 1.5 s vy F v = u + at vy = usin 30 + (−g)t vy = 20 × 1 − 10 × 1.5 2 vy = -5 m/s ( ˈ െ ∴ F u ) vx = ux = ucos 30 vx = 20 × 2 3 vx = 10 3 m/s F v F F F v = v2 + v2 x y ( vx vy ) F vx α = (10 3 ) 2 + (5) 2 = 325 vy v v = 18 m/s ν y 5 1 3 tan −1 α = = = = ν 10 3 2 3 6 x 3 α = tan −1 6 ∴ F 18 m/s tan −1 3 Ans 6 F 2 ˂ 10 F 20 / . F F . F F F ˈ F . ˈ F – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 6
  • 8.
    u = 20m/s “ F F F ux = u = 20 m/s FF FF F ” uy = 0 sy = 10 m vx = ux sx vy . t=? F F F ˂ F 1 2 s = ut + at + uy 2 + sy 1 2 sy = 0+ gt + ay = g 2 1 10 = (10)t 2 + vy 2 t = 2 s ∴ F t= 2 s F Ans . sx max = ? F sx = uxt sx max = 20 × 2 (t = 2 F .) ∴ sx max = 20 2 m Ans . v=? u + v s =  t  2   uy + vy  sy =   2 t     0 + vy  10 =   2  2  (t = 2 F .)   vy = 10 2 m/s vx = ux = u = 20 m/s – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 7
  • 9.
    v = vy + vx 2 2 vx α = (10 2 ) 2 + 20 2 = 600 vy v v = 10 6 m/s vy 10 2 tan α = = vx 20 2 α = tan −1 2 ∴ 10 6 m/s tan −1 2 Ans 2 F 3 F F F F F 2,000 F 200 F F ʾ F F ˂ 4,000 F ˂ F u = 200 m/s ux = u = 200 m/s “ F F F F uy = 0 F FF FF F F F FF F F F sx max F sy = 2000 m 4000 . F sx max =uxt, F ux t F .... ” sx max F 1 2 s = ut + at 2 1 sy = u y t + (g)t 2 2 1 2000 = 0 + (10)t 2 2 t = 20 s ux = u = 200 m/s sx = u x t sx max = 200 (20) = 4000 m sx max F ∴ ˂ Ans – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 8
  • 10.
    F 4 F F F 5 F F F F F F F F F ˈ F u = ux = ? “ F . F . F sx max = uxt, F sx max t F .... F ” uy = 0 5.0 m 5.0 m F s = ut + 1 at 2 2 1 sy = u y t + (g)t 2 2 5 = 0 + 1 (10)t 2 2 t = 1 s sx = u x t 5 = u x1 ux = 5 m/s ∴ F F F F 5 m/s !! Ans F 5 20 F 37° F 25 / F F FF F F F 15 F F ux 37° u = 25 m/s uy “ F . F 3. F uy ≠ 0” sy = 20 m 15.0 m – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 9
  • 11.
    F F ux = ucos37 o = 25x  4  = 20 m/s   5 uy = usin37 o = 25x  3  =   15 m/s 5 F 1 2 s = ut + at 2 1 sy = u y t + (g)t 2 2 20 = 15t + 1 (10)t 2 2 t 2 + 3t − 4= 0 (t-1) (t+4) = 0 ∴t =1 s sx max sx = u x t sx max = 20 x 1 = 20 m ് 15 m ∴ F Ans F 6 F F 5.00 F F F F F F F ˅ F uy = u sin45 “F F .. F F u=? ” 45° ux = u cos45 sx max = 5.0 m F F F F F F 45o F F F ux = ucos45 o uy = usin45 o ux = uy ( F F ) F 1 2 s = ut + at 2 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 10
  • 12.
    1 sy = u yt + a yt2 2 1 0 = u y t + (-10)t 2 2 uy t = = ux 5 5 sx = uxt u  5.0 = ux  x   5  ux = 5.0 m/s ux 5 u = = 1 cos45 2 u = 5 2 ∴ F F 5 2 m/s Ans F F F F ˆ F F F 45o F F 60o F F F F 5.00 F 7 F F 60 53 o F 25 / . F F . F F F . F F F u = 25 m/s uy “ F F F 53° FF FF F ” ux sy = 60 m sx max – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 11
  • 13.
    . F t= ?  3 ux = u cos53 = 25   = 15 m/s 5 4 uy = u sin53 = 25   = 20 m/s 5 ( F F F ) 1 2 s = ut + at vy = 0 2 1 sy = u yt + a yt2 + uy 2 + sy -60 = 20t + ½(-10)t2 - ay - sy t2 4t -12 = 0 u= - vy (t-6) (t+2) = 0 ∴ t = 6 s Ans . sx max = ? sx = u x t sx max = u x t = 15 x 6 ∴ sx max = 90 m Ans . sy max = ? F vy= 0 v2 = u 2 + 2as v2 y = u 2 + 2a y s y 0 = 202 + 2 (-10) sy sy = 20 m sy max = 60 + sy = 60 + 20 ∴ = 80 m Ans – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 12
  • 14.
    4.2 F F F ˈ ˈ v v2 Fc = mac ac = m r T = Fc 2πr v2 v = ωr = = 2πrf = m T r θ 2π ω = = = 2πf t T s “ T ˈ F θ = r s r θ 2 F ˈ F F T = Fc = mv /r ˈ F v F F F F F F F F F F F F ˈ F F Fc F m F F F ac F F F F “ F F F ˈ r F v v T F1 F ˈ r θ 1 f F 1 ˈ F (f= ) T F ˈ 1/ F (Hz) F v F1 (= 2πr ) F 1 (=T) 2πr (v= ) F ˈ / 2 T ω F1 (= 2π ) F 1 (= T) 2π (ω = ) F ˈ / T “ F F F ˈ F F” F F F F ˈ F F F ˈ F F F F F ʽ F 4 T f ω – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 13
  • 15.
    F 8 F 0.1 1.0 F 10 / . . . F . . F F F . F F r =1.0 m v = 10 m/s “ F F F m = 0.1 kg FF FF F ” T = Fc . T=? F v, r T F 2πr v = T 2πr 22 T = = 2× × 1.0 v 7 10 ∴ T = 0.63 s. Ans. . f=? 1 f = T 1 = 0.63 ∴f = 1.59 Hz Ans. . F ∴ v = 10 m/s Ans. . ω =? v = ωr v 10 ω = = r 1.0 ∴ ω = 1.0 rad/s Ans. – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 14
  • 16.
    . F F F ac =? 2 v ac = r 102 = 1.0 ∴ ac = 100 m/s2 Ans. . F F Fc =? Fc = mac = 0.1 × 100 ∴ Fc = 10 N Ans. ( F F ) F 9 F F 1 30° F F F 2 F F F l=1m “ F F F F T v Tsin30 FF F T ˈ 30° 2 ” Tcos30 mg “ T cos30 F ˈ F F w=2N T=W=2N ˈ F F F F F ˀ Tcos30 = Fc ˈ F F  3 ∴ Fc = 2    = 3 N Ans.  2  Tsin30 = mg 2 1 m = ×  = 0.10 kg 10  2  ac Fc = mac ac = 3 / 0.10 ∴ ac = 10 3 m/s2 Ans. 2 v v ac = , r= l cos 30 r – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 15
  • 17.
    3 v2 = 10 3 (1.0 × ) 2 ∴ v = 15 m/s Ans. F 10 F F F ˈ 37o “ F F F F FF F T ˈ 2 ” 37° 37° l=1m T Tcos37 37° Tsin37 m mg “ T sin37 F ˈ F F Tsin37 = Fc mv 2 Tsin37 = ---------(1) r ∑F y =0 Tcos37 = mg ----------(2) v2 (1)/(2) , tan37 = ( r = l sin37 = 1x 3 ) rg 5 3 3 v2 = × × 10 4 5 3 ∴ v = m/s Ans. 2 ω v = ωr 3 5 ω = × 2 3 5 ∴ ω = rad/s Ans. 2 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 16
  • 18.
    F 11 F 0.4 3 F F F F F 3 F F F 1 F ˈ F F F F F 12 / “ F F F F FF F ” v3 = 12 m/s T3 T3 T2 T2 T1 m3 m2 m1 3 F F F T, f ω F ω F 3 v = ωr 12 = ω (3) ω = 4 rad/s T3 m3 T3 = Fc 2 m3v3 v3 T3 = r T3 0.4 × (12) 2 = m3 3.0 T3 = 19.2 N Ans. T2 m2 v2 T2 T3 = Fc ( F F F F ) T3 T2 T2 T3 = m2 ω2 r m2 T2 19.2 = 0.4 × 42 × 2 ∴ T2 = 32 N Ans. T1 m1 T1 T2 = Fc v1 T1 T2 = m1 ω2 r T2 T1 T1 32 = 0.4 × 42 × 1 m1 ∴ T1 = 38.4 N Ans. – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 17
  • 19.
    4.3 F 1. F F F F F F ˈ F F . F fs = Fc 0 < f s ≤ µs N “ fs F F 0 < Fc ≤ µ s N ˈ F F mv 2 0< ≤ µ s mg r fs r fs = Fc 0< v2 ≤ µs ߤs rg v 0< v ≤ µ s rg “ F ˈ ” “ 0< v ≤ µ s rg F F Fv F F F F F F F0 F µ s rg ” . F F F F F F FR N fs F F Rcosθ = N θ R R tan θ = ν2 rg cm θ Rsinθ = fs cm mv 2 N mg R sin θ = Fc = r fs mg R cos θ = mg fs tan θ = “ ˈ ” “ R sinθ F N ˈ F F 0 < f s ≤ µs N F 0 < tan θ ≤ µ s tan θ = ν v 2 “ F F θ F F rg F F F F F F F F F ... .. F F .. F F F F F tan θ ≤ µ s ” – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 18
  • 20.
    2. F F F F ˈ F F . F “ N sinθ F ˈ F Ncosθ θ N Nsinθ = Fc F ( F F F ) Nsinθ mg θ mv 2 N sin θ = Fc = r N cos θ = mg tan θ=ν v 2 “ F F θ F F v2 rg tan θ = F F F F F θ F rg F v F F F ... F F F F .. . F Ncosθ θ N Nsinθ tan θ = ν2 rg mg θ tan θ = ν 2 “ F F θ F F rg v θ F F F F ... F F F F .. – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 19
  • 21.
    F 12 F FF 72 / F 100 400 F F . F F 0.1 “ F F F F fs ˈ F F ” fs r ߤ = 0.1 v = 20 m/s 103 v = 72 ./ . = 72 × / = 20 m/s 60 × 60 fs = Fc mv 2 µN = r mv 2 µmg = r v = µrg ˈ F F F F r = 100 m, v = 0.1(100) ×10 = 10 m/s < 20 m/s F Ans r = 400 m, v = 0.1(400) ×10 = 20 m/s ≥ 20 m/s Ans F 13 F F F F ˈ F F . F ˈ µ F ˈ F fs = fc F mv 2 µmg = r 2 v ‫׵‬ µ = rg F µ ‫ן‬ v2 r g ஜ ୴మ ∴ ஜ F = ୴మ F ஜ୴మ μ = ሺଶ୴ሻమ µ ∴ μ = Ans 4 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 20
  • 22.
    F 14 F F F 15 / F 30 F F Rcosθ θ R Rsinθ N mg fs v2 tan θ = rg 152 15 3 tan θ = = = 30 × 10 20 4 ∴ θ = 37o ∴ F 90 - θ = 53o Ans F 15 F F F 200 tan θ = 0.45 F F F F F F F ˈ F F F F F Ncosθ “ F F F FF N FF F ” θ fs Nsinθ fscosθ fssinθ mg θ fs = 0 v2 tan θ = rg v2 0.45 = 200 (10 ) v = 30 m/s = 108 km/hr ∴ F F F 108 km/hr Ans – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 21
  • 23.
    F 16 F F F F F F F F F 9 . F F µ s = 0.1 F F F F F F F F F ( F cm. F F 0.5 ) r fs N θ 0.5 mg N = Fc ( F F F ˈ F F ) mv 2 N = -----------(1) ( r − 0 . 5) ∑F = y 0 fs = mg µs N = mg ------------(2) 1 v2 (1)/(2) , = µs ( r − 0 . 5) g 1 v2 = 0 .1 (4.5 − 0.5)g ∴ v = 20 m/s = 72 km/hr fs µs N tan θ = = = µs = 0.1 N N ∴ F F F F 72 km/hr tan-1 0.1 F F Ans – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 22
  • 24.
    4.4 F F F ˈ ˈ F F F F ˈ T mg ( F F F F F ) F ˈ F F FC F ˈ r F v v D mg mν 2 A TA mg = TD v r mν 2 TC C B TB mg cos θ= r θ TB mg mν 2 TA v C TC = B r TD + mg = mν 2 A v θ mg cosθ D r mg mg F - F F F ˈ F F F F F F F .F . F F F F F F ˈ F F - F F F F 4 F - v F F F F ˈ F v F A F D - F F D F ˈ F 0 mv 2 F T=0 F TD + mg = --> v = rg r v 1 v ≥ rg 1 2 3 v < rg 2 v =0 3 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 23
  • 25.
    F 17 1 1 F F F ˈ F F F F ˈ F F F F A, B,C, D mg cos60 D D C mg C TC TD 60° mg 60° B TB B TA mg A A mg “ F F F FF FF F ” v F F F D ˈ F ∴ TD = 0 Ans D TD + mg = Fc mv 2 TD + mg = r mv 2 0 + mg = r v2 = rg = 1.0 x 10 = 10 A TA mg = Fc mv 2 TA mg = r mv 2 TA = + mg r 1(10 ) F v 2 = 10 F TA = + 1(10 ) 1 ∴ TA = 20 N Ans B TB = Fc mv 2 TB = r 1(10 ) = 1 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 24
  • 26.
    TB = 10 N Ans C TC + mg cos 60 = Fc mv 2 TC + mg cos 60 = r mv 2 TC = - mg cos 60 r 1(10) = - 1(10) ( 1 ) 1 2 ∴ TC = 5N Ans F 18 F F F 8 F F F F F 1 4 F N = ¼ mg v=? “ F F F FF mg FF F ” r=8m N + mg = Fc + ˈ F F mv 2 N + mg = r mg mv 2 + mg = 4 r 5 v2 = rg 4 5 = (8)(10) 4 ∴ v = 10 m/s Ans F - FF ˈ F F F F F F ˈ F F mv 2 FC = F F F F ˈ r – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 25
  • 27.
    4.5 ˈ F FG ˈ F F FG = Fc v r FG m2 Gm1m 2 m 2 v 2 = r2 r m1 Gm 1 v = r - F ˈ F F - F - F - v F m1 F m2 ( ) F 19 F F 4600 F F 6400 6 ×1024 , F , ( F G = 6.6 ×10-11 Nm2/kg2) v “ F F F FF r FG m2 FF F ” m1 r = 4.6 × 106 + 6.4 × 106 = 11.0 × 106 m FG = FC Gm 1 m 2 m2 v2 = r2 r Gm 1 v2 = r Gm 1 6.6 ×10 −11 × 6 × 10 24 v = = r 11 × 106 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 26
  • 28.
    v = 6.0 × 103 m/s Ans v2 ac = r (6.0 ×103 ) 2 = 11.0 ×106 ∴ ac = 3.27 m/s2 Ans v = ωr v 6.0 ×103 ω = = r 11.0 ×106 ω = 5.45 × 10-4 rad / s Ans 2π ω = T 2π 22 1 T = = 2× × ω 7 5.45 ×10 − 4 ∴ T = 11.52 × 103 s Ans F 20 F ˈ 2 F F F F F F 6×106 v m2 FG1 “ F F F FF m3 m3 FF F ” 2r FG2 r m1 FG1 = FC Gm 1 m 2 m2 v2 = ( 3r ) 2 3r Gm 1 v2 = ---------(1) 3r F F F G m1 F F Gm1 F F F F m3g = FG2 Gm 1 m 3 m3g = r2 – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 27
  • 29.
    Gm1 = gr2 ---------(2) gr 2 F (2) (1) , v2 = 3r 10(6 × 10 6 ) v2 = 3 ∴ v = 4.47 × 103 m/s Ans – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 28
  • 30.
    4.6 ʽ F (S.H.M.) ˈ F F F F F F ˈ F F F F F S.H.M. ˈ F x = r cos θ y = r cos ω t v vx = - v sin θ θ a = - ωr sin ωt r θ x x “ ax = - a cos θ S.H.M. = - ω r cos ωt 2 ” vx , ax = -ω x 2 “ ˈ F F θ x S.H.M. ω = --> θ = ω t t F F x v = ωr F ” a = v2 = ω2 r r x= F vx = x ax = F x – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 29
  • 31.
    Note : xmas = =r θ = 0o v x max = - v = - ωr θ = 90 o = π/ 2 rad ax max = -a = - ω2 r θ = 0o F , F ˈ (+) ˈ (-) F F 21 1 ʽ F F 0.5 F 1.0 . . 0.5 . 0.5 . F 0.5 . . F . F F 0.5 . F 0.5 y “ F F F F F FF F ” v θ F m = 0.001 x = r cos θ = r cos ωt a r = 1.0 v x = - v sin θ = - ωr sin ωt θ x ax = - a cos θ = - ω2 r cos ωt = - ω2 x x f = 0.5 . ω = ? , F f = 0.5 2π ω = = 2 πf = 2 π × 0.5 T ω = π rad/s Ans . x= ? t = 0.5 s x = r cos ωt = 1.0 cos( π × 0.5) – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 30
  • 32.
    x =0m Ans . vx = ? t = 0.5 s vx = - ωr sin ωt = - π(1.0) sin(π ×0.5) ∴ vx = - π m/s F Ans . ax = ? t = 0.5 s ax = - ω2 r cos θ = - π 2 (1.0) cos(π ×0.5) ∴ ax = 0 m/s Ans . v x max =? vx = ωr sin ωt v x max = ωr ( sin ωt = 1 ∴ ωt = π) 2 = π(1.0) ∴ v x max = π m/s Ans . a x max =? ax = ω2 r cos ωt a x max = ω2 r ( cos ωt = 1 ∴ ωt = 0) = π 2 (1.0) ∴ a x max = π2 m/s2 Ans . ax = ? x = 0.5 m ax = ω2 x = π 2 (0.5) π2 ∴ ax = m/s2 Ans 2 . vx =? x = 0.5 m x = r cos ωt ----------(1) vx = ωr sin ωt vx = r sin ωt ----------(2) ω – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 31
  • 33.
    2 2 2 v2 (1) + (2) , x+ x = r2( cos2 ωt + sin2 ω t ) ω2 v2 x = ω2 (r 2 - x2 ) vx = ω r2 − x2 F vx = π 12 − 0.5 2 ∴ vx = π 0.75 m/s Ans F - ʽ F F F F F F F FF F F F F F F F F F F k k m T= π 2π m k m “ F F F … T ” F , a k m m x F = ma F = - kx F ˈ F F x k ˈ F − kx F a= m a = - ω2 x k k FF ω2 = --> ω = m m 2π m 1 k ω = --> T = 2π f= T k 2π m - (T) (f) F (m) F (k) F – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 32
  • 34.
    F 22 100 F 1 10 F F ʽ F 2 / . . k v “ F F F F m m FF F ” x . T=? m ୊ ଵ T = 2π Fm k F = kx ∴ k = ୶ = ଴.ଵ = 10 N/m k 100×10−3 F = 2π 10 ∴T = 0.2 π = 0.63 s Ans . xmax = r = ? F vx max = 2 m/s vx = ωr sin ωt v x max = ωr ( sin ωt = 1) ଶ஠ = ሺ ሻr ୘ ୘ ∴ r = v x max ሺ ሻ ଶ஠ ଴.ଶ஠ r = 2 ሺ ଶ஠ ሻ ∴ r = 0.20 m Ans F F F F F F θ l T= 2π l g x θ “ F F F mg sin θ mg cos F T ” mg – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 33
  • 35.
    F θ ˈ ∴ F ˈ F F x v x ˈ F F ( ˈ (+)) v F ˈ ( F ˈ (-)) F = ma F - mg sin θ = ma a = -g sin θ a = -g ( x ) l a = -ω x 2 g ω2 = l g ∴ ω = l 2π g = T l l ∴ T = 2π g - (T) (f) F F F F (l) F F F (g) F F 23 F F F F 1 F 0.4 F F ˈ 5 F F F “ F F F F ℓ FF F ” F F F F l T = 2π g 0 .4 F T = 2π 10 = 0.4π s Ans ଵ ଵ f = = = 2.5/π / Ans ୘ ଴.ସ஠ – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 34
  • 36.
    F F ˈ 5 F F F ? ( F F F F F F F F ) F F F F F S.H.M. 1. ˈ 2. ˈ 3. ˈ F 4. F F F 5. F F F 6. F F F 7. F ( F 3 ) F - F F F F F FF F F F F F F – F ˆ F www.schoolDD.com 35