Space Technologies for Experimental Astronomy

17/06/2019 Space Technologies Francesco Lazzarotto
INAF-OAPD francesco.lazzarotto@inaf.it
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Space Technologies for
Experimental Astronomy
Credits: ESA

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Career
Working experience
 OA Padova (may 2019 – present)
 IAPS Rome (2001 – april 2019 )
Education
 PhD in Space Systems and Technologies at Tor Vergata & IAPS (2006)
http://phdelectronics.uniroma2.it/sistemi-e-tecnologie-per-lo-spazio
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333315510_A_Reliability_Analysis_on_the_Data_Processing_Syste
m_of_a_Space_Experiment
 MS thesis in CS Science Computing at La Sapienza & IAPS (2001)
https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59367766/download_file?st=MTU1OTc0MTY2MCwxOTMuMjA2LjI0My
4xNDcsNTgyNjI1&s=swp-toolbar
 Astrophysics lab course fellow at La Sapienza & IAPS
(1999);https://www.academia.edu/39235988/A_Robust_Filter_for_the_BeppoSAX_Gamma_Ray_Burst_Monit
or_Triggers
CV, education, experience & publications
 https://www.linkedin.com/in/fralaz1971
 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4871-4072
 https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Francesco_Lazzarotto2
 https://inaf.academia.edu/FrancescoLazzarotto

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Astronomy Data Handling (1)
Spaceborne instruments developing
 TC/TM decoding/encoding transmission/reception;
 Prototypes and laboratory equipment automation;
 Data Handling Systems Design (HW/SW);
 Data Handling Systems Implementation (HW/SW);
Science data analysis
 Time series data analysis;
 Spectral data analysis
 Imaging;
Software Design Strategies
 Efficient, reusable (OO,GP) & free/open sw libraries/tools;
 Widely adopted International standards;
 Operating in a mission/experiment-neutral way

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Astronomy Data Handling (2)
Space Engineering standards
 European Cooperation for Space Standardization (ECSS) https://ecss.nl
 Consultive Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS)
https://public.ccsds.org/default.aspx
Astronomy Data Formats
 FITS+FTOOLS, PDS, VO Tables, …

Science libraries & tools
 CERN ROOT, starjava, GSL, …
Algorithms & methodologies for Data Science
Statistical Pattern Recognitions, Data Mining,
Knowledge Extraction from DataBases, AI

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SAX mission work (1999)

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SAX mission work (2001)

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SAX GRBM archive data classification
GRB flux animation
(Credits: ESA)

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SAX DHA Future development (1)
 Re-operate the GRBM SAX data processing sw on
current computer systems;
 Improve with state-of-the art data sw tools/libraries and
algorithms;
 Pass all the system to free/open-source;
 Apply current space data standards (ecss/ccsds);
 Update the sw design documents and schemas;

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SAX DHA Future development (2)
 Re-organise GRBM sw to include data processing tools fro
other SAX instruments;
 Apply frameworks and results acquired with AGILE &
BepiColombo experience;
 Verify & test the on-line SAX data-archive access;
 Apply the improved data processing system using all SAX
instrument data;
 Extract reusable sw to apply to other space experiments;

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AGILE mission work (2001-2011)
What is AGILE? X/gamma ray mission,
(30 MeV - 50 GeV) (18 - 60 keV).
See https://agile.ssdc.asi.it/
http://agile.rm.iasf.cnr.it
 Contribution to development & maintenance of the
AGILE science data processing system;
 Data acquisition systems based on pseudo-TM/TC
data handling systems;
 Science sw algorithms, libraries and tools
engineering and development;
 Ground Segment software maintenance and
development;
 data analysis and monitoring services of the SA
tool;
 management of data processing servers and
storage system;
 participation in national and international meetings
and conferences;
 Outreach ("Notti della Ricerca") AGILE launch on pslv indian rocket on 23/04/2007

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AGILE AIV
Launch: 23/04/2007 from India
with a pslv rocket and still
operational:
P/L: Silicon Tracker (ST),
MiniCalorimeter (MCAL),
SuperAGILE (SA),
AntiCoincidence (AC)
 Good space resolution and
FOV gamma 30 MeV--30 GeV
(ST)
 X-ray imager 10-40 keV for
accurate positioning transient
sources
 us time resolution in bands 15-
60 keV, 0.3-30 MeV, and 30
MeV-30 GeV
 Search for GRB and transients
in time range from sub-ms to
tenths of seconds.
AGILE P/L during final integration:

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AGILE science results
 http://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=11200 19/01/2018 flare from the blazar 3C 279

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SuperAGILE X-Ray imager
X-ray detector for onboard AGILE.
2 x one-dimensional imager,
operating in the 18-60 keV band,
FoV ~2st, 2 us time resolution.
8 keV energy resolution (FWHM).
Pointing phase (attitude control)
6 arcmins resolution
Spinning phase (since Oct 2009)
pointing drift ∼0.1 degree/s.
Imaging sofware needs longer
expositions, summing sub-images
for same FoV at different times.
Time series using FFT to filter
counts fluctuations due to spinning
to detect transients.

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SuperAGILE Source Catalog@ASDC
POINTING + SPINNING

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SuperAGILE development (2002-2011)
 Support to hardware AIV;
 Data acquisition/reduction/analysis sw;
 Contribution to the AGILE EGSE;
 Contribution to the AGILE TM processing;
 X/Gamma Ray maps integration.

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SuperAGILE measurements
conceptual model

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The AGILE data flow

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AGILE mission work (2004)

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Space Applications Reliability (2006)

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Reliability analysis on
instrument detection performance

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AGILE mission work (2008)

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AGILE DHA Future Development
 Updating all SA sw to current systems/libraries versions;
 Uniforming SA sw to AGILE services and distribution;
 Complete SA sw integration into SSDC@ASI;
 Apply Data Mining, pattern recognition & classifications
techniques developed for SAX to the AGILE archive;

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SERENA AIV (2011-2018)
 SERENA integrated tests (SIT);
 SFT, EMC, SVT system-tests;
 Contribution to SERENA egse (FMI);
 Sci-ops definition support (power,TM);
 EDDS data provider;
 NECP preparation & monitoring;
 Pipelines, QLA, PDS4 archive
Supporting all the integration phases until BepiColombo launch (19/10/2018)

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Composed of 4 detectors, 2 for neutral (STROFIO & ELENA) and 2
for ionised (MIPA & PICAM) particles, to study the Mercury exospheric
environment.
Primary Science Objectives:
 Chemical and elemental composition of the exosphere;
 Neutral gas density profiles and asymmetries;
 Exo-ionosphere composition;
 Exo-ionosphere spatial and energy distribution;
 Ion precipitation rate;
 Surface emission rate and release processes (neutrals ,ions);
 Particle loss rate from Mercury's environment;
Further Science Objectives:
 Remote sensing of the surface composition;
 Magnetosphere structure and dynamics;
 Planetary response to solar wind variations;
 ENA imaging to compare solar-planetary relationship;
 Heavy ion sputtering products;
SERENA experiment onboard BC-MPO
SERENA units on MPO orbiter S/C

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BepiColombo/SERENA (2013)

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BepiColombo/SERENA (2019)

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Tutoring
Phd Program in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Science (Univ. La Sapienza, Tor Vergata, INAF).
2nd year student Adrian Kazakov, “Processing and science analysis of data from the
BepiColombo/SERENA particle detectors”
10th Young Researcher Meeting, Rome 18-21/06/2019

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On-going: BepiColombo common work
 SERENA QLA + SIMBIO QLA (discussion at SIMBIO TM
18/06/19)
 BC level sw libraries/tools/standards
(bscs-common-telemetry, MIB, SCOS-2000 )

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Future Work: Space DHA framework
 Defining & refining models, methods, algorithms, libraries,
and tools appliable to different space astronomy projects;
 Cost-effective and realiable systems;
 Technology transfer to other science experiments and
operationals projects;

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References
1) “Advances in Machine Learning and Data Mining for Astronomy”, 2016,Way M. J. et al, Crc
Press
2) “Development of a Comprehensive Mission Operations System Designed to Operate Multiple Small
Satellites”, Sorensen et al, 2011
3) “Defining an Open Source Strategy for NASA”, Mattmann et al, 2011
4) “Statistical Themes and Lessons for Data Mining”, Glymour C. et al, 1997, Kluwer
5) “Data Mining: an overview”, Madigan, D., 2008, https://slideplayer.com/slide/8812315
6) “Scientific Data Mining in Astronomy”, Borne K., 2009, Crc Press
7) “ROOT - An Object Oriented Data Analysis Framework, 1996, Brune R. , Rademakers F., http://root.cern.ch
8) The Data Revolution: Big Data, Open Data, Data Infrastructures and Their
Consequences , Rob Kitchin. 2014
9) “The Ground Segment Data Processing System of the SuperAGILE instrument”, Lazzarotto F, 2008,
ASP
10)“BC SRN/ELENA testing with ELENA SCOE”, Lazzarotto F., 2013, ESAW@ESOC
proceedings

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