Soil infiltration properties (SIPs) of infiltration rate and saturated hydraulic conductivity significantly
affect hydrological and erosion processes, thus, knowledge of SIPs under different land use/cover are vital
for land use management to control soil erosion for realizing the sustainable development of the small
agricultural watershed. Nevertheless, few studies have been carried out to investigate the differences in
SIPs and their dominant influencing factors between different land use/cover in the black soil region of
Northeast China. Therefore, eight typical land use/cover were selected to clarify the variations in SIPs
between different land use/cover and further identify their dominant influencing factors. SIPs of initial
infiltration rate (IIR), steady infiltration rate (SIR), and saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) were
determined under eight typical land use/cover (forestland, shrub land, grassland, longitudinal shelterbelt,
transverse shelterbelt, agricultural road, and cropland of Zea mays L. and Glycine max (Linn.) Merr)
using a tension disc infiltrometer with three pressure heads of 3, 1.5, and 0 cm. The results of one-way
ANOVA analysis showed that SIPs varied greatly between different land use/cover. Shelterbelt plant with
Populus L. had the maximum IIR, SIR, and Ks, and then followed by shrub land, agricultural road, cropland,
grassland, and forestland. Spearman correlation analysis indicated that SIPs were significantly
correlated with soil and vegetation properties. Redundancy analysis revealed that differences in SIPs
between different land use/cover were dominantly attributed to the differences in soil texture, field
capacity, and plant root mass density, which explained 79.36% of the total variation in SIPs. Among these
dominant influencing factors, the results of structural equation model indicated that the indirect effects
of plant root and soil texture played the most important role in variations of SIPs via affecting soil texture
and pore characteristics. These results have significant implications for the precise prediction of
watershed hydrological and erosion processes, also provide a scientific basis for guiding the distribution
pattern of land use in the cultivated watershed.
11. الرشح تقدير
• Green-Ampt (1911):
i = ic + b/I
حيث
I
التراكمي الرشح
ic
و
b
ثابتين
• There are several other equations:
Horton (1940)
Philip (1957)