2. Virus Protection
Viruses, Worms, Trojans and
Malicious Data is designed to
damage and harm Operating
Systems. To Prevent this from
happening you need antivirus.
Antiviruses work by actively
running in the background
looking for signatures of viruses.
If a virus is detected the
software gives the user the
option of
quarantining, removing or
repairing the file.
3. Firewall
Puts a ‘wall’ around a PC. This controls data traffic
going to and from your PC. This will stop a hacker from
getting access to your files and stop malicious files
from send data across the network.
4. Disk Cleanup
• This is a tool that solves
the clutter of a HDD
which improves the
performance and speed
of the HDD. It removes
files like Cookies and
Internet History.
5. Cookies
Cookies are files that websites
leave on your PC. Websites
leave traces that help it
remember the PC for the next
time it visits. This can take up
memory space or may cause
your browser to behave
differently. You can choose to
remove all cookies or remove
some of them (keeping the
cookies used frequently).
6. Internet History
Internet History is when you request/visit a site. A copy
of that site is saved in your temporary internet files. This
enables fast loading of frequently visited sites. It also
shows you all the sites you have visited.
7. Defragmentation
When a file is saved, it fills up
space on the HDD. When a
file is deleted it adds space to
the HDD and leaved ‘gaps’.
This is dealt with by files being
broken up into fragments and
put in the gaps possible. This
then leads to file fragments
being broken up and spread
further apart. Disk
Defragmenter is a utility that
organises the fragments and
de-clutters the HDD.
8. Drive Formatting
Drive formatting is preparing it for use. There are
two levels:
• Physical (Low-Level) formatting: tests the surface
of the platter by scanning for imperfections and
marking out bad sectors.
• Logical (High-Level) formatting: Prepares the disk
be giving it a file system (how the files are stored)
Disk formatting is carried out by the Disk
Management Utility.
