ABSTRACT : This study was set to establish the effect of social-economic factors on project implementation in
Government aided secondary schools in Uganda a case study of Kabale District. The elements of socialeconomic factors were: good Leadership, Team motivation and Planning. This study adopted This study used a
cross-sectional survey research design adopting quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative
approach helps to describe the current conditions and to investigate cause and effect relationships between the
study variables. Data was collected in the means of administering a questionnaire survey from a sample of
162respondents. SSP was used to test hypotheses. Findings revealed that, (r = ..962, P≤.01). The study
recommends that the social-economic factors such asgood Leadership, Team motivation and Planning should be
put into consideration when the government is providing/ giving resources to facilitate projects in Government
Aided secondary schools in Kabale District.
KEYWORDS: Project Implementation, Government-Aided Schools
Running Head PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS1PROJE.docxtodd581
Running Head: PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS 1
PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS 5
PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS
Mekdes Asaminew
Rasmussen College
05/16/2020
FAQ document
What are project management tools?
These are the instruments which project managers use to plan, execute as well as manage plans in one centralized virtual location. These tools vary from team to team depending on the tasks to be performed in the project. The project management tools include; project management software, real-time instant messaging tool, knowledge base tool and file sharing tool.
What is project management software?
This is computer software which helps the project team members to collaborate during the project, plan all their activities as well as to record all the collected data.
What is a real-time instant messaging tool?
It is a tool that allows team members of a particular project to talk and video call with colleagues in real time. This tool helps improve collaboration of the team members and allows all people to collectively provide their opinions on different matters during carrying out the project.
What is knowledge base tool?
It involves a search database that allows individual to store the combined wisdom of the team members and ensures that the information is accessible to all members
What is a file sharing tool?
It is a tool which allows people to save sync and share files. It ensures that all the documents provided by team members are well stored and easily retrievable for future reference. (Bilal.et.al, 2017)
What are project management methodologies?
Project management methodologies are basically the different techniques which are used to approach a given project; every methodology of project management has its unique process and workflow. They are classified into “traditional or sequential methodologies, agile methodologies, the change management methodologies and process-based methodologies.”
What are the traditional or sequential methodologies?
These are the methods of managing a project which involve a sequence of tasks which lead to the final deliverables and project managers are required to ensure that the tasks are worked on them in a given order. The methodologies classified under this category include;
· Waterfall project management methodology; involves completing a certain task before beginning another task in a linked sequence of objects which adds up to the general goal. It is used in projects that create physical objects like building a computer.
· Critical path method; it involves prioritizing and allocating available raw materials to ensure the most crucial task is done as well as rescheduling lower priority task.
· Critical chain project management; involves a technique for putting main concentration on the needed materials.
What are agile methodologies?
These are project management methodologies which prioritize on shorter iterative cycles and flexibility. They are categorized .
This study is an initial attempt, to investigate the factors that are responsible in driving the growth of Project Management Education in India. For more info visits http://www.pmi.org.in/reports.asp
ISSN 1822-6515 ISSN 1822-6515 EKONOMIKA IR VADYBA 2011. 16 .docxchristiandean12115
ISSN 1822-6515 ISSN 1822-6515
EKONOMIKA IR VADYBA: 2011. 16 ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT: 2011. 16
845
THE THEORETICAL APPROACH TO PROJECT PORTFOLIO
MATURITY MANAGEMENT
Bronius Neverauskas1, Ruta Čiutienė2
1 Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, [email protected]
2 Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, [email protected]
Abstract
This paper is indented to discuss theoretical approaches to project portfolio management maturity.
Institutions use projects to solve strategic problems, to perform integrated processes, to generate innovative
activity strategies. In order to be able to manage strategically the competitive ability within business
environment, it is essential to discus about the maturity process of projects, project portfolio and program’s
projects, their potential vista development as well as strategy management within the organization. Expansion
of project based organizations only enhances project portfolio management maturity significance.
Project portfolio management maturity models serve as an instrument to criticize the project portfolio
management of organization. There are many models currently available to assess project management
maturity. We can find different researches designed for of the project portfolio management maturity.
In this context authors present the theoretical approach of the project portfolio management maturity
assessment. The paper demonstrates that project portfolio maturity management is crucial project
management problem.
Keywords. Project portfolio, project portfolio maturity, project portfolio maturity management,
excellence in project portfolio management.
JEL Classification: L21, M10, M12, M53.
Introduction
The environment is constantly changing and competition is growing. Therefore, it can be said that their
elements are interconnected. Globalization, new developments in technologies, recession and an instant
change of economics needs are bringing new challenges not only to business companies but to different
organizations as well. An organization’s chosen approach to project management can drive expected
changes through projects aimed at better meeting forthcoming organization‘s needs. The need to manage
essential changes through project came into force in business companies, public sectors and social
environment organizations. These institutions are using projects in order to solve strategic problems, to
perform integrated processes, to generate innovative activity strategies.
Project management is a dynamic and developing process in scientific and study context. In order to
be able to manage strategically the competitive ability within business environment, it is essential to discus
the maturity process of projects, project portfolio and program’s projects, their potential vista development
as well as strategy management within the organization. Expansion of project based organizations only
enhances project portfolio management matur.
Student 1 Hi,Project is a temporary goal that a team or an .docxcpatriciarpatricia
Student 1:
Hi,
Project is a temporary goal that a team or an organization undertakes in order to create a unique product or service. A project different from a day-to-day activity, this is because project(s) are temporary, it will have a start, a goal, a defined objective, and a scope that must be achieved by the defined end time (Project Management Institute, n.d.). On top of the above-mentioned, projects heavily rely on the effective management of triple-constants, time, quality & cost. The key attributes of a project are that,
1. A project will always have a start and end dates
2. Requires resources from multiple teams or areas in an organization to achieve one common goal
3. Involves uncertainty and changes to scope
4. Has budget limitation that impacts utilization of resources and supplies
5. Will always need a stakeholder or a sponsor
In my experience, I learnt that he role of top management / business leadership commitment is key for a project to yield fruitful results as many projects aren’t completed due to lack of leadership support & commitment. Involvement of top management in our project helped us team in getting key decisions and changes related to infrastructure, architecture, network & operations quickly. Leadership involvement during initiation/kick-off ensured that the impacted teams that are on the other side of the organization co-operated more readily than usual. Having the top management involved in the project helped our team in getting additional resources and support when required that otherwise could have resulted in delay or even termination of the project. IT projects are filled with unique challenges in every step, some of them are,
1. Scope change in the middle of the project
2. Delivery delays due to miscommunication of scope between impacted teams (Ramachandran, 2017)
3. Remote stakeholders that make output delivery and decision-making difficult (Ramachandran, 2017)
Absence of pre-defined project management practices that jeopardizes the delivery when blockers appear (Ramachandran, 2017)
Thanks,
Vamshi
References
Project Management Institute. (n.d.). What is Project Management? Retrieved from Project Management Institute: https://www.pmi.org/about/learn-about-pmi/what-is-project-management
Ramachandran, K. (2017, September 18). 5 IT Project Management Challenges and How to Overcome Them. Retrieved from Capterra: https://blog.capterra.com/it-project-management-challenges-and-how-to-overcome-them/
Student 2:
IT Management
What is a project, and what are its main attributes? How is a project different from what most people do in their day-to-day jobs?
A project is a venture towards developing a certain product or services which is unique, is a mostly a collaborative practice which is planned and organized to follow particular order so as to achieve. For an activity to be referred to as a project, there are some attributes that must be displayed. This includes; projects are unique and mostly temporary because .
Student 1 Hi,Project is a temporary goal that a team or an .docxdeanmtaylor1545
Student 1:
Hi,
Project is a temporary goal that a team or an organization undertakes in order to create a unique product or service. A project different from a day-to-day activity, this is because project(s) are temporary, it will have a start, a goal, a defined objective, and a scope that must be achieved by the defined end time (Project Management Institute, n.d.). On top of the above-mentioned, projects heavily rely on the effective management of triple-constants, time, quality & cost. The key attributes of a project are that,
1. A project will always have a start and end dates
2. Requires resources from multiple teams or areas in an organization to achieve one common goal
3. Involves uncertainty and changes to scope
4. Has budget limitation that impacts utilization of resources and supplies
5. Will always need a stakeholder or a sponsor
In my experience, I learnt that he role of top management / business leadership commitment is key for a project to yield fruitful results as many projects aren’t completed due to lack of leadership support & commitment. Involvement of top management in our project helped us team in getting key decisions and changes related to infrastructure, architecture, network & operations quickly. Leadership involvement during initiation/kick-off ensured that the impacted teams that are on the other side of the organization co-operated more readily than usual. Having the top management involved in the project helped our team in getting additional resources and support when required that otherwise could have resulted in delay or even termination of the project. IT projects are filled with unique challenges in every step, some of them are,
1. Scope change in the middle of the project
2. Delivery delays due to miscommunication of scope between impacted teams (Ramachandran, 2017)
3. Remote stakeholders that make output delivery and decision-making difficult (Ramachandran, 2017)
Absence of pre-defined project management practices that jeopardizes the delivery when blockers appear (Ramachandran, 2017)
Thanks,
Vamshi
References
Project Management Institute. (n.d.). What is Project Management? Retrieved from Project Management Institute: https://www.pmi.org/about/learn-about-pmi/what-is-project-management
Ramachandran, K. (2017, September 18). 5 IT Project Management Challenges and How to Overcome Them. Retrieved from Capterra: https://blog.capterra.com/it-project-management-challenges-and-how-to-overcome-them/
Student 2:
IT Management
What is a project, and what are its main attributes? How is a project different from what most people do in their day-to-day jobs?
A project is a venture towards developing a certain product or services which is unique, is a mostly a collaborative practice which is planned and organized to follow particular order so as to achieve. For an activity to be referred to as a project, there are some attributes that must be displayed. This includes; projects are unique and mostly temporary because .
Implementation of Strategic Plan in Public Secondary Schools in Migwani Sub C...ijtsrd
School strategic planning is the key to determine the school's success as it prepares to respond to ever changing academic landscape. This study intended to find out the roles of school stakeholders in the implementation of the school strategic plan in public secondary schools in Migwani sub-county. The specific objectives were - To assess the extent to which strategic plans had been implemented in public secondary schools in Migwani sub- county, to find out the role of parents in implementation of the school strategic plan, to find out the role of government in implementation of school strategic plan and to find out the role of school management in implementation of school strategic plans in Migwani Sub-County. Descriptive survey study approach was used. Questionnaires and interview schedule were used for data collection. The population of the study comprised of 22 public secondary schools which had documented strategic plan in Migwani sub-county as per February 2017. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 66 respondents out of 286. The respondents were parents PTA members, school principals and BOG members. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The study found that the parents and government are the main financiers of all the school projects stated in the strategic plan. Government provides teachers and policies which are essential for implementation of strategic plan. BOG plan, budget and prioritize the items for implementation. An average of 34.59 of strategies had been implemented. There was no statistical difference in the role played by parents, government and school management 0.979 . Dr. Charles Mulandi Zakayo "Implementation of Strategic Plan in Public Secondary Schools in Migwani Sub County in Kitui County Kenya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18874.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/18874/implementation-of-strategic-plan-in-public-secondary-schools-in-migwani-sub-county-in-kitui-county-kenya/dr-charles-mulandi-zakayo
Running Head PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS1PROJE.docxtodd581
Running Head: PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS 1
PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS 5
PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES & TOOLS
Mekdes Asaminew
Rasmussen College
05/16/2020
FAQ document
What are project management tools?
These are the instruments which project managers use to plan, execute as well as manage plans in one centralized virtual location. These tools vary from team to team depending on the tasks to be performed in the project. The project management tools include; project management software, real-time instant messaging tool, knowledge base tool and file sharing tool.
What is project management software?
This is computer software which helps the project team members to collaborate during the project, plan all their activities as well as to record all the collected data.
What is a real-time instant messaging tool?
It is a tool that allows team members of a particular project to talk and video call with colleagues in real time. This tool helps improve collaboration of the team members and allows all people to collectively provide their opinions on different matters during carrying out the project.
What is knowledge base tool?
It involves a search database that allows individual to store the combined wisdom of the team members and ensures that the information is accessible to all members
What is a file sharing tool?
It is a tool which allows people to save sync and share files. It ensures that all the documents provided by team members are well stored and easily retrievable for future reference. (Bilal.et.al, 2017)
What are project management methodologies?
Project management methodologies are basically the different techniques which are used to approach a given project; every methodology of project management has its unique process and workflow. They are classified into “traditional or sequential methodologies, agile methodologies, the change management methodologies and process-based methodologies.”
What are the traditional or sequential methodologies?
These are the methods of managing a project which involve a sequence of tasks which lead to the final deliverables and project managers are required to ensure that the tasks are worked on them in a given order. The methodologies classified under this category include;
· Waterfall project management methodology; involves completing a certain task before beginning another task in a linked sequence of objects which adds up to the general goal. It is used in projects that create physical objects like building a computer.
· Critical path method; it involves prioritizing and allocating available raw materials to ensure the most crucial task is done as well as rescheduling lower priority task.
· Critical chain project management; involves a technique for putting main concentration on the needed materials.
What are agile methodologies?
These are project management methodologies which prioritize on shorter iterative cycles and flexibility. They are categorized .
This study is an initial attempt, to investigate the factors that are responsible in driving the growth of Project Management Education in India. For more info visits http://www.pmi.org.in/reports.asp
ISSN 1822-6515 ISSN 1822-6515 EKONOMIKA IR VADYBA 2011. 16 .docxchristiandean12115
ISSN 1822-6515 ISSN 1822-6515
EKONOMIKA IR VADYBA: 2011. 16 ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT: 2011. 16
845
THE THEORETICAL APPROACH TO PROJECT PORTFOLIO
MATURITY MANAGEMENT
Bronius Neverauskas1, Ruta Čiutienė2
1 Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, [email protected]
2 Kaunas University of Technology, Lithuania, [email protected]
Abstract
This paper is indented to discuss theoretical approaches to project portfolio management maturity.
Institutions use projects to solve strategic problems, to perform integrated processes, to generate innovative
activity strategies. In order to be able to manage strategically the competitive ability within business
environment, it is essential to discus about the maturity process of projects, project portfolio and program’s
projects, their potential vista development as well as strategy management within the organization. Expansion
of project based organizations only enhances project portfolio management maturity significance.
Project portfolio management maturity models serve as an instrument to criticize the project portfolio
management of organization. There are many models currently available to assess project management
maturity. We can find different researches designed for of the project portfolio management maturity.
In this context authors present the theoretical approach of the project portfolio management maturity
assessment. The paper demonstrates that project portfolio maturity management is crucial project
management problem.
Keywords. Project portfolio, project portfolio maturity, project portfolio maturity management,
excellence in project portfolio management.
JEL Classification: L21, M10, M12, M53.
Introduction
The environment is constantly changing and competition is growing. Therefore, it can be said that their
elements are interconnected. Globalization, new developments in technologies, recession and an instant
change of economics needs are bringing new challenges not only to business companies but to different
organizations as well. An organization’s chosen approach to project management can drive expected
changes through projects aimed at better meeting forthcoming organization‘s needs. The need to manage
essential changes through project came into force in business companies, public sectors and social
environment organizations. These institutions are using projects in order to solve strategic problems, to
perform integrated processes, to generate innovative activity strategies.
Project management is a dynamic and developing process in scientific and study context. In order to
be able to manage strategically the competitive ability within business environment, it is essential to discus
the maturity process of projects, project portfolio and program’s projects, their potential vista development
as well as strategy management within the organization. Expansion of project based organizations only
enhances project portfolio management matur.
Student 1 Hi,Project is a temporary goal that a team or an .docxcpatriciarpatricia
Student 1:
Hi,
Project is a temporary goal that a team or an organization undertakes in order to create a unique product or service. A project different from a day-to-day activity, this is because project(s) are temporary, it will have a start, a goal, a defined objective, and a scope that must be achieved by the defined end time (Project Management Institute, n.d.). On top of the above-mentioned, projects heavily rely on the effective management of triple-constants, time, quality & cost. The key attributes of a project are that,
1. A project will always have a start and end dates
2. Requires resources from multiple teams or areas in an organization to achieve one common goal
3. Involves uncertainty and changes to scope
4. Has budget limitation that impacts utilization of resources and supplies
5. Will always need a stakeholder or a sponsor
In my experience, I learnt that he role of top management / business leadership commitment is key for a project to yield fruitful results as many projects aren’t completed due to lack of leadership support & commitment. Involvement of top management in our project helped us team in getting key decisions and changes related to infrastructure, architecture, network & operations quickly. Leadership involvement during initiation/kick-off ensured that the impacted teams that are on the other side of the organization co-operated more readily than usual. Having the top management involved in the project helped our team in getting additional resources and support when required that otherwise could have resulted in delay or even termination of the project. IT projects are filled with unique challenges in every step, some of them are,
1. Scope change in the middle of the project
2. Delivery delays due to miscommunication of scope between impacted teams (Ramachandran, 2017)
3. Remote stakeholders that make output delivery and decision-making difficult (Ramachandran, 2017)
Absence of pre-defined project management practices that jeopardizes the delivery when blockers appear (Ramachandran, 2017)
Thanks,
Vamshi
References
Project Management Institute. (n.d.). What is Project Management? Retrieved from Project Management Institute: https://www.pmi.org/about/learn-about-pmi/what-is-project-management
Ramachandran, K. (2017, September 18). 5 IT Project Management Challenges and How to Overcome Them. Retrieved from Capterra: https://blog.capterra.com/it-project-management-challenges-and-how-to-overcome-them/
Student 2:
IT Management
What is a project, and what are its main attributes? How is a project different from what most people do in their day-to-day jobs?
A project is a venture towards developing a certain product or services which is unique, is a mostly a collaborative practice which is planned and organized to follow particular order so as to achieve. For an activity to be referred to as a project, there are some attributes that must be displayed. This includes; projects are unique and mostly temporary because .
Student 1 Hi,Project is a temporary goal that a team or an .docxdeanmtaylor1545
Student 1:
Hi,
Project is a temporary goal that a team or an organization undertakes in order to create a unique product or service. A project different from a day-to-day activity, this is because project(s) are temporary, it will have a start, a goal, a defined objective, and a scope that must be achieved by the defined end time (Project Management Institute, n.d.). On top of the above-mentioned, projects heavily rely on the effective management of triple-constants, time, quality & cost. The key attributes of a project are that,
1. A project will always have a start and end dates
2. Requires resources from multiple teams or areas in an organization to achieve one common goal
3. Involves uncertainty and changes to scope
4. Has budget limitation that impacts utilization of resources and supplies
5. Will always need a stakeholder or a sponsor
In my experience, I learnt that he role of top management / business leadership commitment is key for a project to yield fruitful results as many projects aren’t completed due to lack of leadership support & commitment. Involvement of top management in our project helped us team in getting key decisions and changes related to infrastructure, architecture, network & operations quickly. Leadership involvement during initiation/kick-off ensured that the impacted teams that are on the other side of the organization co-operated more readily than usual. Having the top management involved in the project helped our team in getting additional resources and support when required that otherwise could have resulted in delay or even termination of the project. IT projects are filled with unique challenges in every step, some of them are,
1. Scope change in the middle of the project
2. Delivery delays due to miscommunication of scope between impacted teams (Ramachandran, 2017)
3. Remote stakeholders that make output delivery and decision-making difficult (Ramachandran, 2017)
Absence of pre-defined project management practices that jeopardizes the delivery when blockers appear (Ramachandran, 2017)
Thanks,
Vamshi
References
Project Management Institute. (n.d.). What is Project Management? Retrieved from Project Management Institute: https://www.pmi.org/about/learn-about-pmi/what-is-project-management
Ramachandran, K. (2017, September 18). 5 IT Project Management Challenges and How to Overcome Them. Retrieved from Capterra: https://blog.capterra.com/it-project-management-challenges-and-how-to-overcome-them/
Student 2:
IT Management
What is a project, and what are its main attributes? How is a project different from what most people do in their day-to-day jobs?
A project is a venture towards developing a certain product or services which is unique, is a mostly a collaborative practice which is planned and organized to follow particular order so as to achieve. For an activity to be referred to as a project, there are some attributes that must be displayed. This includes; projects are unique and mostly temporary because .
Implementation of Strategic Plan in Public Secondary Schools in Migwani Sub C...ijtsrd
School strategic planning is the key to determine the school's success as it prepares to respond to ever changing academic landscape. This study intended to find out the roles of school stakeholders in the implementation of the school strategic plan in public secondary schools in Migwani sub-county. The specific objectives were - To assess the extent to which strategic plans had been implemented in public secondary schools in Migwani sub- county, to find out the role of parents in implementation of the school strategic plan, to find out the role of government in implementation of school strategic plan and to find out the role of school management in implementation of school strategic plans in Migwani Sub-County. Descriptive survey study approach was used. Questionnaires and interview schedule were used for data collection. The population of the study comprised of 22 public secondary schools which had documented strategic plan in Migwani sub-county as per February 2017. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 66 respondents out of 286. The respondents were parents PTA members, school principals and BOG members. Data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The study found that the parents and government are the main financiers of all the school projects stated in the strategic plan. Government provides teachers and policies which are essential for implementation of strategic plan. BOG plan, budget and prioritize the items for implementation. An average of 34.59 of strategies had been implemented. There was no statistical difference in the role played by parents, government and school management 0.979 . Dr. Charles Mulandi Zakayo "Implementation of Strategic Plan in Public Secondary Schools in Migwani Sub County in Kitui County Kenya" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd18874.pdf
http://www.ijtsrd.com/management/strategic-management/18874/implementation-of-strategic-plan-in-public-secondary-schools-in-migwani-sub-county-in-kitui-county-kenya/dr-charles-mulandi-zakayo
This study is an initial attempt, to investigate the factors that are responsible in driving the growth of Project Management Education in India. The study throws light on specific factors that emerge after studying the available literature on the subject as well as the responses compiled from a cross-section of the primary stakeholders namely the Government, Academic Institutions, Practising Executives and Human Resource Managers connected with project management education and training.
For more info visit http://www.pmi.org.in/reports.asp
Effect of Communication Process and Mission on Project Implementation in Coun...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to provide research based information that will improve project implementation in County Governments in Kenya. The data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and documents analysis. The target population was the County Executive Committee Members, the County Representatives and the County Public Service employees. The findings from the analysis show that communication is pillar of projects implementation among the county government. The study therefore recommends that the County Governments should work towards achieving their goals by sharing information with its stakeholders and having clear project mission to promote goals achievement in the projects being undertaken.
Running head PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT1PLANN.docxtodd581
Running head: PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 1
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 2
Planning Considerations for The HR Project
Student`s Name
Institutional Affiliation
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT
In the quest to plan and ensure that a project has served its purpose, it is important to evaluate the conduct of certain facets. Project scheduling and scope are two fundamental concepts that play an integral role in project planning. In essence, each of the two is applicable diversely and serve a different purpose. Scheduling is one of the critical processes and part of the plan which ensures that the project is delivered on time. It gives the project manager the consideration of the duration to be used in accomplishing defined tasks within a project. A well-formulated schedule gives practical guidance throughout the project lifecycle (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). It greatly helps in ensuring that the team stays on track until the project is accomplished. On the other hand, the scope goes hand in hand with the scheduling. It is executed with all the stakeholders in consideration. The scope depicts and assesses the intended or the expects results of the project. It also helps to outline the requirements that are relevant in bringing the project into completion.
While the scope seeks to identify the intended results, scheduling helps to assess the expected period that it will take to complete a given project. Therefore, when considering the scope, it is also good to see the relevance of duration or time, and that is where scheduling comes in handy. A project will incorporate the planning of other minor processes (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). In essence, the processes will then need a defined timeframe under which each should be accomplished. Therefore, when tabling them, it is good to understand the importance of a fixed period under which they should be performed. Scheduling is fundamental in the execution of the scope since it helps to guide the team members on the importance of being time conscious (Demilliere, 2014). Scheduling also helps to ensure that time wastage is minimal in carrying out the tasks and duties that are needed to ensure that the scope is met. In essence, while the scope breaks the tasks down to make them deliverables, scheduling helps to define how when the same will be delivered. Figuratively, the statement of purpose in a defined project would be to changing the channels of message delivery and communication in a given organization.
Project resourcing is essential, and in order to understand the dynamics under which it works, it is fundamental to consider other underlying drivers. Essentially these enhancements help to ensure that this part of the project is effective and yields the maximum results. It is therefore vital to consider the most effective behavioral skills. They include team-building, communication, problem-solving and decision-making skills (Marzagão & Carvalho, 2016). Team.
Running head PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT1PLANN.docxglendar3
Running head: PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 1
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 2
Planning Considerations for The HR Project
Student`s Name
Institutional Affiliation
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT
In the quest to plan and ensure that a project has served its purpose, it is important to evaluate the conduct of certain facets. Project scheduling and scope are two fundamental concepts that play an integral role in project planning. In essence, each of the two is applicable diversely and serve a different purpose. Scheduling is one of the critical processes and part of the plan which ensures that the project is delivered on time. It gives the project manager the consideration of the duration to be used in accomplishing defined tasks within a project. A well-formulated schedule gives practical guidance throughout the project lifecycle (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). It greatly helps in ensuring that the team stays on track until the project is accomplished. On the other hand, the scope goes hand in hand with the scheduling. It is executed with all the stakeholders in consideration. The scope depicts and assesses the intended or the expects results of the project. It also helps to outline the requirements that are relevant in bringing the project into completion.
While the scope seeks to identify the intended results, scheduling helps to assess the expected period that it will take to complete a given project. Therefore, when considering the scope, it is also good to see the relevance of duration or time, and that is where scheduling comes in handy. A project will incorporate the planning of other minor processes (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). In essence, the processes will then need a defined timeframe under which each should be accomplished. Therefore, when tabling them, it is good to understand the importance of a fixed period under which they should be performed. Scheduling is fundamental in the execution of the scope since it helps to guide the team members on the importance of being time conscious (Demilliere, 2014). Scheduling also helps to ensure that time wastage is minimal in carrying out the tasks and duties that are needed to ensure that the scope is met. In essence, while the scope breaks the tasks down to make them deliverables, scheduling helps to define how when the same will be delivered. Figuratively, the statement of purpose in a defined project would be to changing the channels of message delivery and communication in a given organization.
Project resourcing is essential, and in order to understand the dynamics under which it works, it is fundamental to consider other underlying drivers. Essentially these enhancements help to ensure that this part of the project is effective and yields the maximum results. It is therefore vital to consider the most effective behavioral skills. They include team-building, communication, problem-solving and decision-making skills (Marzagão & Carvalho, 2016). Team.
To organize operational activities, HEIs have increasingly taken good management practices of the business environment, which has shown an evolution of educational administration. This research had the objective of proposing a model of adaptive project management practices applied to inter-institutional business administration programs aiming at its performance and attainment of the objectives proposed by CAPES. The analogy of the inter-institutional business administration programs studied to the theme of Project Management made it possible to understand them as temporary organizations of medium complexity coming from strategic partnerships signed between Universities and that are inserted in a regulatory environment with social costs. The qualitative approach was used through the multiple case study method. To explore the phenomenon, the academic and operational coordinators of the two cases were interviewed and the planning and evaluation documents of the programs involved in the partnerships were collected, triangulating data. The analysis of the textual data of the primary data and the tabulation of data of the secondary data served as input for the comparative analysis of the cases and the interpretation of the results under a positivist bias. The analysis and interpretation of the results confirmed that both cases were successful in executing their projects, and in one of the cases, the application of managerial practices analogous to those of project management resulted in efficient management and with better results. The proposition of an adaptive project management model applied to inter-institutional business administration doctoral programs originates from the interpretation of the analyzes. It is understood that this proposal can be broadly extended to other types of projects in other areas of knowledge.
Keywords: Strategic Management of Graduate Studies. Inter-institutional Doctoral Programs. Adaptive Project Management. Project Management.
Jackson Benard Kindikwili, Dr. David Aunga, PhD
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6463397
Published Date: 01-April-2022
Abstract: The objective of the study on the influence of project management practices on performance of alcoholic
beverage manufacturing industry in Tanzania. The study was conducted in Tanzania Breweries Limited (TBL). It was performed based on three hypotheses which are project planning, project execution and project monitoring and evaluation which were tested on organization performance. The study was performed using explanatory
design through causality testing practices with the data being collected in the case study from 100 respondents. The facts were obtained using questionnaires which were structured. The collected results were computed in SPSS data
sheet for generating significant statistics in filling the gap. Frequency tables and percentages as descriptive statistics were generated first and described the profile of the respondents. In addition to that, correlation and
multiple regression were described to show the relationship between study variables. Findings stated that all three independent variables such as project planning, project execution and project monitoring and evaluation have positive effect and significant statistically on organization performance. This implies that organization
performance in project management practices is determined by project planning, project execution and project monitoring and evaluation. The study further recommended that it is important for the organization to have adequate project management practices to assure performance in the task undertaking for the organization.
Assignment 1 Organizing HR ProjectsIn order to effect a more ce.docxfelicitytaft14745
Assignment 1: Organizing HR Projects
In order to effect a more centralized model of delivering Human Resources services, there are core project functions that must be undertaken to ensure success as well as ascertaining that all parties are motivated to working with the new model. Establishing a new project team requires orientation to the overall goals and objectives in a bid to ensure that every team member is well aware of both intermediate and final goals. This will act as a guidance to the team making processes and functions easier. On the other hand, successful implementation requires strategic planning which is about allocation of resources, planning, and scheduling in a manner that optimizes the available resources and performing within the budget and the timeline (Neluheni, Pretorius & Ukpere, 2014). In this respect, it is the duty of the project manager or leader to guide and oversee the various processes and activities in a bid to ensure that the desired goals and objectives are being achieved.
The Statement of Overall Importance
When implementing the project, the overall steps of strategic planning are important to start, progress, and finish of the project. There are distinct steps such as vision where the overall goals and desired outcomes are communicated to the parties involved in the accomplishment of the task. Other steps such as planning also highlights the importance of laying down the strategy for attaining various tasks where resources are allocated optimally in a manner that avoids wastage. As a project leader, it is highly important that strategic planning is undertaken. In the field of project management, studies have shown that failure to effectively plan is one of the major contributors to failure especially when it comes to performing within the deadline and budget (Kerzner, 2013). A project manager must be able to put in place a plan that has goals and objectives that must be communicated to the concerned parties such as the team members. Actually, it is deemed best practice when a leader involves other parties such as team members in formulating a plan which improves the diversity of the decisions made.
The steps provided in the texts is highly important to the project. It is imperative to note that project management is nowadays strategic meaning that it must align with overall strategic direction of the organization. Majority of organizations are currently funding projects that are seen to have a direct influence on the strategic direction of the organization. For instance, in this case, it can be seen that the goal is to ensure easier and more efficient management of human resources which have become a strategic tool as opposed to a supporting function it has been over the previous decades. In essence, the strategic planning process will help outline goals, communicate the plans, and strategize on how various tasks and processes will be accomplished in line with desired goals.
Vision and Mission Statements
.
The effect of Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth and Profitability on Tax ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research aims to test, analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the influence of
institutional ownership, sales growth and profitability on tax avoidance. The object of this research is
manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)
in 2018-2022. This research used quantitative research methods and causal research design. The sampling
technique in this research used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling as the basis for determining
the sample so that a sample of 55 samples was obtained. The data used is secondary data obtained from the
official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method
used was multiple linear regression analysis with several tests such as descriptive statistical tests, classical
assumption tests, and hypothesis testing using SPSS version 26 statistical software. The results showed that the
institutional ownership variable has no effect on tax avoidance, while the sales growth and profitability has a
negative and significant effect on tax avoidance.
KEYWORDS: Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth, Profitability, Tax Avoidance
MGA ESTRATEHIYA SA PAGTUTURO KAUGNAY SA PASALITANG PARTISIPASYON NG MGA MAG-A...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRAK: Ang mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ay mahalagang kasangkapan sa paghahatid ng mabisang
pagtuturo sa loob ng silid. Tinukoy sa pag-aaral na ito ang antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsasadula,
pangkatang talakayan at paggawa ng mga koneksyon sa tunay na karanasan sa buhay bilang mga estratehiya sa
pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino at pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 ng Misamis
University Junior High School, Ozamiz City. Ang ginamit na disenyo sa pananaliksik na ito ay deskriptivcorrelational. Ang mga datos sa pag-aaral ay nagmula sa kabuuang populasyon na 120 na mag-aaral at tatlong
mga guro na tagamasid sa pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral. Ang Talatanungan sa Kagamitan sa
Pagtuturo ng Panitikan at Checklist batay sa Obserbasyon sa Pasalita na Partisipasyon ay ang instrumentong
ginamit sa pagkalap ng datos. Mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance at Pearson Product-Moment
Correlation Coefficient ang mga ginamit na estatistiko na sangkap. Inihayag sa naging resulta na ang tatlong piling
estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino ay may pinakamataas na antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral.
Ang antas ng pakilahok ng mga mag-aaral sa paggamit ng tatlong estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan ay
pinakamataas na nagpapahiwatig na aktibong nakilahok ang mga mag-aaral sa mga gawain. Inihayag din na
walang makabuluhang kaibahan sa antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng
panitikan sa Filipino. Ito ay nangahulugan na gustong-gusto ng mga mag-aaral ang pagkakaroon ng mga
estratehiya sa pagtuturo. Walang makabuluhang kaugnayan ang kagustuhan sa mga estratehiya at antas ng
pakikilahok ng mga mag-aaral. Hindi nakaapekto sa kanilang pakikilahok ang anumang estratehiyang ginamit ng
guro.
KEYWORDS : estratehiya, karanasan, pagsasadula, pagtuturo, pangkatang talakayan
More Related Content
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This study is an initial attempt, to investigate the factors that are responsible in driving the growth of Project Management Education in India. The study throws light on specific factors that emerge after studying the available literature on the subject as well as the responses compiled from a cross-section of the primary stakeholders namely the Government, Academic Institutions, Practising Executives and Human Resource Managers connected with project management education and training.
For more info visit http://www.pmi.org.in/reports.asp
Effect of Communication Process and Mission on Project Implementation in Coun...paperpublications3
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to provide research based information that will improve project implementation in County Governments in Kenya. The data was collected through questionnaires, interviews and documents analysis. The target population was the County Executive Committee Members, the County Representatives and the County Public Service employees. The findings from the analysis show that communication is pillar of projects implementation among the county government. The study therefore recommends that the County Governments should work towards achieving their goals by sharing information with its stakeholders and having clear project mission to promote goals achievement in the projects being undertaken.
Running head PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT1PLANN.docxtodd581
Running head: PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 1
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 2
Planning Considerations for The HR Project
Student`s Name
Institutional Affiliation
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT
In the quest to plan and ensure that a project has served its purpose, it is important to evaluate the conduct of certain facets. Project scheduling and scope are two fundamental concepts that play an integral role in project planning. In essence, each of the two is applicable diversely and serve a different purpose. Scheduling is one of the critical processes and part of the plan which ensures that the project is delivered on time. It gives the project manager the consideration of the duration to be used in accomplishing defined tasks within a project. A well-formulated schedule gives practical guidance throughout the project lifecycle (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). It greatly helps in ensuring that the team stays on track until the project is accomplished. On the other hand, the scope goes hand in hand with the scheduling. It is executed with all the stakeholders in consideration. The scope depicts and assesses the intended or the expects results of the project. It also helps to outline the requirements that are relevant in bringing the project into completion.
While the scope seeks to identify the intended results, scheduling helps to assess the expected period that it will take to complete a given project. Therefore, when considering the scope, it is also good to see the relevance of duration or time, and that is where scheduling comes in handy. A project will incorporate the planning of other minor processes (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). In essence, the processes will then need a defined timeframe under which each should be accomplished. Therefore, when tabling them, it is good to understand the importance of a fixed period under which they should be performed. Scheduling is fundamental in the execution of the scope since it helps to guide the team members on the importance of being time conscious (Demilliere, 2014). Scheduling also helps to ensure that time wastage is minimal in carrying out the tasks and duties that are needed to ensure that the scope is met. In essence, while the scope breaks the tasks down to make them deliverables, scheduling helps to define how when the same will be delivered. Figuratively, the statement of purpose in a defined project would be to changing the channels of message delivery and communication in a given organization.
Project resourcing is essential, and in order to understand the dynamics under which it works, it is fundamental to consider other underlying drivers. Essentially these enhancements help to ensure that this part of the project is effective and yields the maximum results. It is therefore vital to consider the most effective behavioral skills. They include team-building, communication, problem-solving and decision-making skills (Marzagão & Carvalho, 2016). Team.
Running head PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT1PLANN.docxglendar3
Running head: PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 1
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT 2
Planning Considerations for The HR Project
Student`s Name
Institutional Affiliation
PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE HR PROJECT
In the quest to plan and ensure that a project has served its purpose, it is important to evaluate the conduct of certain facets. Project scheduling and scope are two fundamental concepts that play an integral role in project planning. In essence, each of the two is applicable diversely and serve a different purpose. Scheduling is one of the critical processes and part of the plan which ensures that the project is delivered on time. It gives the project manager the consideration of the duration to be used in accomplishing defined tasks within a project. A well-formulated schedule gives practical guidance throughout the project lifecycle (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). It greatly helps in ensuring that the team stays on track until the project is accomplished. On the other hand, the scope goes hand in hand with the scheduling. It is executed with all the stakeholders in consideration. The scope depicts and assesses the intended or the expects results of the project. It also helps to outline the requirements that are relevant in bringing the project into completion.
While the scope seeks to identify the intended results, scheduling helps to assess the expected period that it will take to complete a given project. Therefore, when considering the scope, it is also good to see the relevance of duration or time, and that is where scheduling comes in handy. A project will incorporate the planning of other minor processes (Al Wahshi et al. 2013). In essence, the processes will then need a defined timeframe under which each should be accomplished. Therefore, when tabling them, it is good to understand the importance of a fixed period under which they should be performed. Scheduling is fundamental in the execution of the scope since it helps to guide the team members on the importance of being time conscious (Demilliere, 2014). Scheduling also helps to ensure that time wastage is minimal in carrying out the tasks and duties that are needed to ensure that the scope is met. In essence, while the scope breaks the tasks down to make them deliverables, scheduling helps to define how when the same will be delivered. Figuratively, the statement of purpose in a defined project would be to changing the channels of message delivery and communication in a given organization.
Project resourcing is essential, and in order to understand the dynamics under which it works, it is fundamental to consider other underlying drivers. Essentially these enhancements help to ensure that this part of the project is effective and yields the maximum results. It is therefore vital to consider the most effective behavioral skills. They include team-building, communication, problem-solving and decision-making skills (Marzagão & Carvalho, 2016). Team.
To organize operational activities, HEIs have increasingly taken good management practices of the business environment, which has shown an evolution of educational administration. This research had the objective of proposing a model of adaptive project management practices applied to inter-institutional business administration programs aiming at its performance and attainment of the objectives proposed by CAPES. The analogy of the inter-institutional business administration programs studied to the theme of Project Management made it possible to understand them as temporary organizations of medium complexity coming from strategic partnerships signed between Universities and that are inserted in a regulatory environment with social costs. The qualitative approach was used through the multiple case study method. To explore the phenomenon, the academic and operational coordinators of the two cases were interviewed and the planning and evaluation documents of the programs involved in the partnerships were collected, triangulating data. The analysis of the textual data of the primary data and the tabulation of data of the secondary data served as input for the comparative analysis of the cases and the interpretation of the results under a positivist bias. The analysis and interpretation of the results confirmed that both cases were successful in executing their projects, and in one of the cases, the application of managerial practices analogous to those of project management resulted in efficient management and with better results. The proposition of an adaptive project management model applied to inter-institutional business administration doctoral programs originates from the interpretation of the analyzes. It is understood that this proposal can be broadly extended to other types of projects in other areas of knowledge.
Keywords: Strategic Management of Graduate Studies. Inter-institutional Doctoral Programs. Adaptive Project Management. Project Management.
Jackson Benard Kindikwili, Dr. David Aunga, PhD
Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6463397
Published Date: 01-April-2022
Abstract: The objective of the study on the influence of project management practices on performance of alcoholic
beverage manufacturing industry in Tanzania. The study was conducted in Tanzania Breweries Limited (TBL). It was performed based on three hypotheses which are project planning, project execution and project monitoring and evaluation which were tested on organization performance. The study was performed using explanatory
design through causality testing practices with the data being collected in the case study from 100 respondents. The facts were obtained using questionnaires which were structured. The collected results were computed in SPSS data
sheet for generating significant statistics in filling the gap. Frequency tables and percentages as descriptive statistics were generated first and described the profile of the respondents. In addition to that, correlation and
multiple regression were described to show the relationship between study variables. Findings stated that all three independent variables such as project planning, project execution and project monitoring and evaluation have positive effect and significant statistically on organization performance. This implies that organization
performance in project management practices is determined by project planning, project execution and project monitoring and evaluation. The study further recommended that it is important for the organization to have adequate project management practices to assure performance in the task undertaking for the organization.
Assignment 1 Organizing HR ProjectsIn order to effect a more ce.docxfelicitytaft14745
Assignment 1: Organizing HR Projects
In order to effect a more centralized model of delivering Human Resources services, there are core project functions that must be undertaken to ensure success as well as ascertaining that all parties are motivated to working with the new model. Establishing a new project team requires orientation to the overall goals and objectives in a bid to ensure that every team member is well aware of both intermediate and final goals. This will act as a guidance to the team making processes and functions easier. On the other hand, successful implementation requires strategic planning which is about allocation of resources, planning, and scheduling in a manner that optimizes the available resources and performing within the budget and the timeline (Neluheni, Pretorius & Ukpere, 2014). In this respect, it is the duty of the project manager or leader to guide and oversee the various processes and activities in a bid to ensure that the desired goals and objectives are being achieved.
The Statement of Overall Importance
When implementing the project, the overall steps of strategic planning are important to start, progress, and finish of the project. There are distinct steps such as vision where the overall goals and desired outcomes are communicated to the parties involved in the accomplishment of the task. Other steps such as planning also highlights the importance of laying down the strategy for attaining various tasks where resources are allocated optimally in a manner that avoids wastage. As a project leader, it is highly important that strategic planning is undertaken. In the field of project management, studies have shown that failure to effectively plan is one of the major contributors to failure especially when it comes to performing within the deadline and budget (Kerzner, 2013). A project manager must be able to put in place a plan that has goals and objectives that must be communicated to the concerned parties such as the team members. Actually, it is deemed best practice when a leader involves other parties such as team members in formulating a plan which improves the diversity of the decisions made.
The steps provided in the texts is highly important to the project. It is imperative to note that project management is nowadays strategic meaning that it must align with overall strategic direction of the organization. Majority of organizations are currently funding projects that are seen to have a direct influence on the strategic direction of the organization. For instance, in this case, it can be seen that the goal is to ensure easier and more efficient management of human resources which have become a strategic tool as opposed to a supporting function it has been over the previous decades. In essence, the strategic planning process will help outline goals, communicate the plans, and strategize on how various tasks and processes will be accomplished in line with desired goals.
Vision and Mission Statements
.
The effect of Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth and Profitability on Tax ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: This research aims to test, analyze and obtain empirical evidence about the influence of
institutional ownership, sales growth and profitability on tax avoidance. The object of this research is
manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI)
in 2018-2022. This research used quantitative research methods and causal research design. The sampling
technique in this research used non-probability sampling with purposive sampling as the basis for determining
the sample so that a sample of 55 samples was obtained. The data used is secondary data obtained from the
official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis method
used was multiple linear regression analysis with several tests such as descriptive statistical tests, classical
assumption tests, and hypothesis testing using SPSS version 26 statistical software. The results showed that the
institutional ownership variable has no effect on tax avoidance, while the sales growth and profitability has a
negative and significant effect on tax avoidance.
KEYWORDS: Institutional Ownership, Sales Growth, Profitability, Tax Avoidance
MGA ESTRATEHIYA SA PAGTUTURO KAUGNAY SA PASALITANG PARTISIPASYON NG MGA MAG-A...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRAK: Ang mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ay mahalagang kasangkapan sa paghahatid ng mabisang
pagtuturo sa loob ng silid. Tinukoy sa pag-aaral na ito ang antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa pagsasadula,
pangkatang talakayan at paggawa ng mga koneksyon sa tunay na karanasan sa buhay bilang mga estratehiya sa
pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino at pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral sa Baitang 7 ng Misamis
University Junior High School, Ozamiz City. Ang ginamit na disenyo sa pananaliksik na ito ay deskriptivcorrelational. Ang mga datos sa pag-aaral ay nagmula sa kabuuang populasyon na 120 na mag-aaral at tatlong
mga guro na tagamasid sa pasalitang partisipasyon ng mga mag-aaral. Ang Talatanungan sa Kagamitan sa
Pagtuturo ng Panitikan at Checklist batay sa Obserbasyon sa Pasalita na Partisipasyon ay ang instrumentong
ginamit sa pagkalap ng datos. Mean, standard deviation, Analysis of Variance at Pearson Product-Moment
Correlation Coefficient ang mga ginamit na estatistiko na sangkap. Inihayag sa naging resulta na ang tatlong piling
estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan sa Filipino ay may pinakamataas na antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral.
Ang antas ng pakilahok ng mga mag-aaral sa paggamit ng tatlong estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng panitikan ay
pinakamataas na nagpapahiwatig na aktibong nakilahok ang mga mag-aaral sa mga gawain. Inihayag din na
walang makabuluhang kaibahan sa antas ng kagustuhan ng mga mag-aaral sa mga estratehiya sa pagtuturo ng
panitikan sa Filipino. Ito ay nangahulugan na gustong-gusto ng mga mag-aaral ang pagkakaroon ng mga
estratehiya sa pagtuturo. Walang makabuluhang kaugnayan ang kagustuhan sa mga estratehiya at antas ng
pakikilahok ng mga mag-aaral. Hindi nakaapekto sa kanilang pakikilahok ang anumang estratehiyang ginamit ng
guro.
KEYWORDS : estratehiya, karanasan, pagsasadula, pagtuturo, pangkatang talakayan
The Role of the Instruction of Reading Comprehension Strategies in Enhancing ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :Throughout my studies and teaching English in different language centers and higher studies
institutions, I have come to conclude that students consider Reading comprehension as a nightmare that
frightens them and hinders their language acquisition in the Moroccan EFL Context. This may cause them to
develop an internal psychological obstacle that grows as their lack of the necessary instruments or tools to
overcome are not equipped with. They become lost and unaware about or unfamiliar with the necessary reading
comprehension strategies that could help them to face the problem of misunderstanding or non-understanding
of English texts. Respectively, this article which is only one part of my whole study aims at showing the effect
of teaching reading strategies in enhancing the S1 students‟ familiarity with reading strategies and raising their
frequency use. A sample of 283 University students in EFL context have been chosen randomly and have
attended the usual academic reading classes, yet only 76 are subject to this survey. 38 of them constitute the
experimental group who have attended the treatment regularly in one of the language centers and the other 38
participants are chosen randomly from the whole population to constitute the Control group. They all have
Psychosocial Factors and Deviant Behaviors of Children in Conflict with the L...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This study aims to determine the relationship between psychosocialfactors and deviant
behaviors among children in conflict with the law (CICL) inDavao Region. The researchers want to discover the
prevalent factors thatdrive these children to their behaviors. Further, the study sought to determinethe
manifestation of psychosocial factors in terms of life satisfaction, emotionalsupport, self-esteem, and personality
traits. The study's data came from N-83children in conflict with the law (CICL) at the Regional Rehabilitation
Center forYouth (RRCY) in Bago Oshiro, Davao City; all respondents are male. This studyused a total
enumeration sampling technique due to the relatively smallpopulation size. The researchers adapted the
Psychosocial surveyquestionnaires by Zabriskie & Ward (2013) and by John and Srivastava (1999)as well as the
Deviant Behavior Variety Scale (DBVS) by Sanches et al. (2016).Through the use of a validated questionnaire,
the mean and standard deviationare determined. The researchers modified this questionnaire and translated itinto
the respondents' mother tongue (Cebuano) for them to comprehend itbetter. The study discovered no significant
relationship between psychosocialfactors and deviant behaviors of children in conflict with the law (CICL) in
theDavao Region
KEYWORDS :Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL), deviant behaviors, psychosocial factors
Entropy: A Join between Science and Mind-SocietyAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Entropy is join, intersection and interaction between natural science and human mind-society.
We proposed that if internal interactions exist in isolated systems, entropy decrease will be possible for this
system. Management in system is a typical internal interaction within the isolated system. The purpose of
management is to use regulating the internal interactions within the system, and to decrease the increasing
entropy spontaneously. We propose the principle of social civilization and the developing direction is: freedom
of thought, rule of action. Both combinations should be a peaceful revision and improvement of social rules and
laws. Different countries and nations, different religions and beliefs should coexist peacefully and compete
peacefully. The evolution of human society must be coevolution. Its foundation is the evolution of the human
heart and the human nature.
KEYWORDS: entropy, science, society, management, mind, evolution.
A Model of Disaster Resilience Among Colleges and Universities: A Mixed Metho...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT :This research paper aimed to create a comprehensive framework for measuring disaster
resilience in colleges and universities. The study used a mixed method through Exploratory Factor Analysis
(EFA), which involved analyzing data from a survey questionnaire. The questionnaire was developed based on
in-depth interviews with 12 selected participants from the University of Mindanao, as well as relevant literature
and studies. It was reviewed and validated by 10 experts using a method called Content Validity Ratio (CVR).
This questionnaire was then administered to 400 students from 10 different colleges in University of Mindanao.
After conducting the Exploratory Factor Analysis and performing rotations and iterations, the researchers
identified five main constructs that characterize disaster resilience among colleges (1) disaster preparedness, (2)
disaster awareness, (3) community readiness, and (4) disaster management, (5) disaster resilience. The
researchers aimed to create an organization called “Council of College Disaster Volunteers (CCDV)” which
consist of student volunteers. These factors can be used to develop effective management strategies and
strengthen efforts in preventing and managing disasters and accidents.
KEYWORDS:content validity ratio, criminology, disaster resilience, disaster management, exploratory factor
analysis, and Philippines.
Environmental Struggles and Justice Among Lumad Farmers of Davao CityAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The study described the various environmental struggles experienced among the participants
and their status in accessing justice. The study followed a qualitative multiple-case study approach; the
participants are the Lumad farmers of Marilog, Davao City selected through a Critical sampling method and
aims to present the environmental violations experienced by the Lumad farmers in Davao City and how it
affected their families and sustenance further, their status in accessing justice is also explored. The study
concluded that the most common struggles the participant experience are Illegal logging and improper waste
disposal, which affect their farms, family, health, and income. Their preferred means to accessing justice is
through barangay settlement; the rigors of accessing courts, such as distance, expenses, fear of ruling, and the
hassle of being called to be present in court, are the most prevalent barriers that hinder the lead farmers from
accessing justice or seeking legal action. Nevertheless, the participants believed that the government would help
them in accessing justice.
KEYWORDS :access to justice, criminology,environmental justice, environmental struggles, lumadfarmers
CYBERBULLYING EXPERIENCES OF UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO CRIMINOLOGY STUDENTSAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT:This paper explores the cyberbullying experiences among Criminology students at the
University of Mindanao. A simple random sampling method was used to distribute the study's online
questionnaire to the respondents and to survey the target population. This study has four hundred (400)
respondents, and the respondents are Criminology students at the University of Mindanao. The findings of this
study revealed that the level of cyberbullying experiences is sometimes manifested. On the other hand, the
cyberbullying experiences of the students indicate a moderate level, which indicates that the cyberbullying
experiences of the respondents are sometimes manifested. Also, the computations showed that among the
indicators presented, the highest mean is obtained in the psychological effect, which implies that there is a
significant effect of cyberbullying experiences of the respondents in terms of the Gender level of the
respondents. Therefore, respondents with a low level of cyberbullying experiences tend to have a moderate level
of cyberbullying experience. However, there is no significant effect in terms of age and year level of the
respondents according to the results regarding the psychological, emotional, and physical impact of
cyberbullying.
KEYWORDS :cyberbullying, emotional, experiences, psychological,physical effect, and simple random
sampling method.
A philosophical ontogenetic standpoint on superego role in human mind formationAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: One of the most significant contributions of psychoanalysis to understand the human being is the
elaboration of a model about the mind from a topical and dynamic perspective. Freud explains the mind by the
constitution of the preconscious, conscious, and subconscious. Later, by three dynamic components: the id, the
ego and the superego. Such an organization of the psychic apparatus supposes not only individual elements, but
social influences along the process of hominization. In this paper, we recover the findings of the renowned
anthropologist Lewis Morgan, trying to link some of them to the psychoanalytic theory. Especially highlighting
the importance of superego in Haidt’s social intuitionism.
Keywords: evolutionism, intuitionism, psychoanalysis, Freud, Haidt, Morgan
Improving Workplace Safety Performance in Malaysian SMEs: The Role of Safety ...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: In the Malaysian context, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) experience a significant
burden of workplace accidents. A consensus among scholars attributes a substantial portion of these incidents to
human factors, particularly unsafe behaviors. This study, conducted in Malaysia's northern region, specifically
targeted Safety and Health/Human Resource professionals within the manufacturing sector of SMEs. We
gathered a robust dataset comprising 107 responses through a meticulously designed self-administered
questionnaire. Employing advanced partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) techniques
with SmartPLS 3.2.9, we rigorously analyzed the data to scrutinize the intricate relationship between safety
behavior and safety performance. The research findings unequivocally underscore the palpable and
consequential impact of safety behavior variables, namely safety compliance and safety participation, on
improving safety performance indicators such as accidents, injuries, and property damages. These results
strongly validate research hypotheses. Consequently, this study highlights the pivotal significance of cultivating
safety behavior among employees, particularly in resource-constrained SME settings, as an essential step toward
enhancing workplace safety performance.
KEYWORDS :Safety compliance, safety participation, safety performance, SME
Psychological Empowerment and Empathy as Correlates of ForgivenessAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The study explores Psychological Empowerment and Empathy as Correlates of Forgiveness.
The two variables are regarded to have influence on the decision one makes to forgive another. The study aimed
at examining the relationships between psychological empowerment and forgiveness, empathy and forgiveness
and to identify which one of the two,Psychological Empowerment or Empathy, is the more powerful predictor of
forgiveness. The study took a survey design with a sample of 350 drawn from a population of university students
using a self-administered questionnaire with four sections: Personal information, Psychological empowerment
scale, Toronto Empathy questionnaire, and the Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS). Data analysis employed
Pearson’s product moment correlation and regression analysis to test hypotheses. The results show significant
relationships between psychological empowerment and forgiveness as well as empathy and forgiveness.
Empathy was found to be the more powerful predictor of forgiveness.
KEY WORDS: Psychological empowerment, empathy, forgiveness
Exploring The Dimensions and Dynamics of Felt Obligation: A Bibliometric Anal...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTARCT: This study presents, to our knowledge, the first bibliometric analysis focusing on the concept of
"felt obligation," examining 120 articles published between 1986 and 2024. The aim of the study is to deepen our
understanding of the existing knowledge in the field of "felt obligation" and to provide guidance for further
research. The analysis is centered around the authors, countries, institutions, and keywords of the articles. The
findings highlight prominent researchers in this field, leading universities, and influential journals. Particularly,
it is identified that China plays a leading role in "felt obligation" research. The analysis of keywords emphasizes
the thematic focuses of these studies and provides a roadmap for future research. Finally, various
recommendations are presented to deepen the knowledge in this area and promote applied research. This study
serves as a foundation to expand and advance the understanding of "felt obligation" in the field.
KEYWORDS: Felt Obligation, Bibliometric Analysis, Research Trends
Les autorités traditionnelles et l’administration coloniale au Tchad : 1900-1960AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : In Africa, traditionalauthorities are the guardians of tradition. Recently, however, they have
been caughtbetween tradition and modernity in the exercise of political power in Chad. However, we are
witnessing the revival of chieftaincy and the hybridization of the politicalpowersexercisedwithinit. In this
cohabitation of powers, traditionalauthorityisescapingitsrole as guardian of tradition.
Traditionalauthorityisthereforepresented in itscurrent state, as a proxy for the modern state in traditional
administrative districts. The aim of thisstudyis to analyze the mutations and adaptability of
traditionalauthorityfrom the pre-colonialperiodthrough the colonial period to the post-colonial period. This
workanalyzes the mutations of authorities. The data collected and processedrevealthattraditionalauthorities have
survivedalmosteverywhere, the former chiefdomsdissolvedduringcolonization have been restored by
republicanheads of state, while more and more frequently civil servants, businessmen, academics and
othermembers of the literateelite, whopreviouslyhad no attraction for the position of traditionalchief, are
beingenthroned.
Key words:Authorities, Administration, colonization, Chad, Kanem.
A Conceptual Analysis of Correlates of Domestic Violence and Adolescent Risky...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The study explores domestic violence and how it influences adolescent risky behavior.
Domestic violence is a devastating social problem resulting in significant and enduring effects on children,
threatening both their health and emotional well-being. The study aimed at examining the relationships between
domestic Violence and Psychological Empowerment, Domestic Violence and Self-esteem, psychological
Empowerment and Self-Regulation, Self Esteem and Psychological empowerment, Self-Esteem and Selfregulation, Self-Regulation and Adolescent Risky Behavior and identify the stronger predictor of self-regulation
between psychological empowerment and Self-esteem. Adolescent respondents who experienced domestic
violence were purposely selected and guided by teachers and administrators who had provided support to these
children.The questionnaire had six sections namely; personal information, the Child Exposure to Domestic
Violence Scale, the Psychological empowerment scale, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Inventory, and the Brief
Self-Control Scale. Data analysis employed Pearson's product-moment correlation (r) to test hypotheses 1,
2,3,4,5, and 6. Regression analysis was used for hypothesis 7.The results show a significant relationship
between domestic Violence and Psychological Empowerment, Domestic Violence and Self-esteem,
psychological Empowerment and Self-Regulation, Self Esteem and Psychological empowerment, Self-Esteem
and Self-regulation, Self-Regulation, and Adolescent Risky Behavior. The study documents that Psychological
empowerment is a stronger predictor of self-regulation than Self-esteem.
KEYWORDS:Domestic violence, psychological empowerment, self-regulation, and Adolescent risky behavior
Driving Sustainable Competitive Advantage Through an Innovative Aggregator Bu...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The aim of the research is to analyze the influence of the aggregation business model on
Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA). Through a survey of 216 MSMEs in the creative economy sector
selected randomly using an ex post facto causal research approach, an overview of the aggregator business
model and its impact on financial resources and SCA was obtained. The aggregator business model plays a role
in facilitating increased access to financial resources to meet both available and required working capital for
realizing SCA in Malang's Lokanima area. The strength of ABM lies in understanding the resources needed for
SCA and the effectiveness of mobilizing services while considering the most cost-effective options, including
providing various alternatives in their provision. Financial resources are an important factor supporting the
achievement of SCA. Access to financial resources is key to facilitating business growth and sustainability.
Theoretical implications: The concept of the aggregator business model emphasizes the efficient and effective
collection, aggregation, and distribution of resources in connecting service providers with consumers in an
economical and efficient manner. Practical implications: ABM can enhance the performance of financial
resource provision by optimizing relationships with MSMEs and financial institutions, leading to business
growth and sustainability for MSMEs.
KEYWORDS -Aggregator Business, Creative Economy, Financial Resources, Sustainable Competitive
Advantage
Accuracy of ChatGPT for Basic Values of Trigonometric FunctionsAJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : This study analyzes the accuracy of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence model based on GPT3.5, in determining the values of basic trigonometric functions. To this end, we examine ChatGPT's responses to
sine, cosine, tangent, and cotangent values for a wide range of angles. We compare the results provided by
ChatGPT with the accuracy values determined by basic trigonometry. We also explore differences in accuracy
depending on changes in question complexity and given context. The results show a high level of accuracy of
ChatGPT in determining the values of trigonometric functions, especially for common angles. However, it is
noted that accuracy may be affected in certain cases of extreme angles or complex questions. This analysis
provides an important representation of ChatGPT's capabilities in the field of mathematics, using a new method
for testing the accuracy of artificial intelligence models in determining trigonometric values.
Keywords -Accuracy, AI Model, ChatGPT, Trigonometric Functions, Trigonometry
Postmodern Marketing and Its Impact on Traditional Marketing Approaches: Is K...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT : The essay discusses the concept of postmodern marketing and its impact on marketing theory
and practice. It explores the characteristics of postmodernism, including openness, tolerance, hyper-reality,
fragmentation, and the lack of clear boundaries, and how they challenge traditional marketing approaches. The
paper also looks at the contributions of postmodern marketing to consumer and marketing research and how it
has redefined the way we think about marketing as a science. Ultimately, it raises the question of whether and
how marketing should adapt itself to the new conditions brought about by postmodernism.
KEYWORDS :Postmodernism, Postmodern Marketing, Kotler, Marketing Theory, Postmodern Consumer
Reorientation of Health Service Governance Toward the Fulfillment of Social J...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Health insurance is a human right. At the practical level, this health insurance program in
Indonesia is organized by BPJS Kesehatan (Social Security Administering Body for Health). The
implementation of BPJS Kesehatan is still not optimal and effective. Three problems are discussed in this
writing: the dynamics of health insurance governance in Indonesia, the implementation of the fulfillment of the
right to health by BPJS Kesehatan, and the reorientation of BPJS Kesehatan services toward social justice.
These problems are then answered by scientific research methods using a sociological juridical approach.
Complaintsoften occur regarding the regulations, the services provided by the health facility providers, and the
distance between the community and the health facilities. Such complaints affect the public interest in becoming
BPJS Kesehatan participants. The aforementioned conditions must be considered and evaluated for the
government's success in the aspired national health insurance plan.
KEYWORDS -BPJS Kesehatan, Health Insurance, Social Justice
“To be integrated is to feel secure, to feel connected.” The views and experi...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Although a significant amount of literature exists on Morocco's migration policies and their
successes and failures since their implementation in 2014, there is limited research on the integration of subSaharan African children into schools. This paperis part of a Ph.D. research project that aims to fill this gap. It
reports the main findings of a study conducted with migrant children enrolled in two public schools in Rabat,
Morocco, exploring how integration is defined by the children themselves and identifying the obstacles that they
have encountered thus far. The following paper uses an inductive approach and primarily focuses on the
relationships of children with their teachers and peers as a key aspect of integration for students with a migration
background. The study has led to several crucial findings. It emphasizes the significance of speaking Colloquial
Moroccan Arabic (Darija) and being part of a community for effective integration. Moreover, it reveals that the
use of Modern Standard Arabic as the language of instruction in schools is a source of frustration for students,
indicating the need for language policy reform. The study underlines the importanceof considering the
children‟s agency when being integrated into mainstream public schools.
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KEYWORDS: migration, education, integration, sub-Saharan African children, public school
Sport et vieillissement : une analyse de la pratique des activités physiques ...AJHSSR Journal
Abstract : The aim of thispaperis to report on the effects of physicalactivity and sport on the health of older
people. Based on a mixed-methodsapproach, several techniques, namelydocumentaryanalysis and semistructured interviews, wereused in thisresearch in order to obtain a range of data thatwasavailable, accessible
and relevant to the subjectunderstudy. This enabled us to arrive at the resultsaccording to which the
stakeholders' perceptions of theirhealth are based on the practice of physicalactivities and sport as a social
construct in a socio-cultural context. Older people see sport as a way of curingillnesses, but above all as a way
of givingtheir bodies vitality. Othersseeit as a way of reinvigoratingthemselvesafter retirement.
Key words: Ageing, Physical activities, Sports activities, Elderly people.
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Project Serenity is an innovative initiative aimed at transforming urban environments into sustainable, self-sufficient communities. By integrating green architecture, renewable energy, smart technology, sustainable transportation, and urban farming, Project Serenity seeks to minimize the ecological footprint of cities while enhancing residents' quality of life. Key components include energy-efficient buildings, IoT-enabled resource management, electric and autonomous transportation options, green spaces, and robust waste management systems. Emphasizing community engagement and social equity, Project Serenity aspires to serve as a global model for creating eco-friendly, livable urban spaces that harmonize modern conveniences with environmental stewardship.
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Socio-Economic Factors and Project Implementation in Government Aided Secondary Schools in Kabale District
1. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2022
A J H S S R J o u r n a l P a g e | 33
American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR)
e-ISSN : 2378-703X
Volume-6, Issue-4, pp-33-41
www.ajhssr.com
Research Paper Open Access
Socio-Economic Factors and Project Implementation in
Government Aided Secondary Schools in Kabale District
1
Turyasingura John Bosco, 2
Dr.Agaba Moses,
1
Department of Management Science, Kabale University, Uganda
2
Department of Management Science, Kabale University, Kabale, Uganda
Correspondence: Dr. Agaba Moses.
ABSTRACT : This study was set to establish the effect of social-economic factors on project implementation in
Government aided secondary schools in Uganda a case study of Kabale District. The elements of social-
economic factors were: good Leadership, Team motivation and Planning. This study adopted This study used a
cross-sectional survey research design adopting quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative
approach helps to describe the current conditions and to investigate cause and effect relationships between the
study variables. Data was collected in the means of administering a questionnaire survey from a sample of
162respondents. SSP was used to test hypotheses. Findings revealed that, (r = ..962, P≤.01). The study
recommends that the social-economic factors such asgood Leadership, Team motivation and Planning should be
put into consideration when the government is providing/ giving resources to facilitate projects in Government
Aided secondary schools in Kabale District.
KEYWORDS: Project Implementation, Government-Aided Schools
I. INTRODUCTION
The study reports the findings of the research carried out This study was set to establish the effect of social-
economic factors on project implementation in Government aided secondary schools in Uganda a case study of
Kabale District.
Perhaps the most distinguishing characteristic of those firms excelling in project management is their belief and
commitment that project management should be treated as a strategic competency, necessary for the survival of
the firm(Martin (2012). With this intent, companies today appear committed to strategic planning for project
management excellence using best practices (Pfeffer, & Salancik,2018),. Project planning is part of project
management, which relates to the use of schedules such as Gantt charts to plan and subsequently report progress
within the project environment. Initially, the project scope is defined and the appropriate methods for
completing the project are determined. Following this step, the durations for the various tasks necessary to
complete the work are listed and grouped into a work breakdown structure (Nokes, Sebastian (2017).
Commenting on the importance of planning in form of a schedule, Sergiovanni, (2019). maintain that before a
project schedule can be created, a project manager should typically have a Work Breakdown Structure (WBS),
an effort estimate for each task, and a resource list with availability for each resource. If these are not yet
available, it may be possible to create something that looks like a schedule, but it will essentially be a work of
fiction. Simon (2019). asserts that the success of a project will depend critically upon the effort, care and skill
you apply in its initial planning. With planning, projects can run on time and interact effectively with both
customers and suppliers. Everyone involved understands what is wanted and emerging problems are seen (and
dealt with) long before they cause damage. The authors however do not clearly show how planning based on
effort, care and skill determine effective project implementation (Syncrude, 2020))
II. THEORETICAL REVIEW.
This study was guided by the Contingency theory of management. The theory was advanced by Hage and
Finsterbusch (1987) and supported by Lawrence and Lorsch, Mintzburg. The theory states that, advances the
idea that management processes and organizational structures must be created to fit a particular set of tasks that
will be carried out in a specific environment. The theory suggests the most appropriate style of management is
dependent on the context of the situation and that adopting a single, rigid style is inefficient in the long term.
The theory’s strength is that it gives managers a wide range of ways to react to problems, it also gives them
2. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2022
A J H S S R J o u r n a l P a g e | 34
significant discretion in their decision-making. That means managers must interpret policies and regulations
loosely, yet still adhere to the company's values and visions when they make decisions. The contingency theory
helps in identifying the socio-economic factors in form of socio-economic environment, nature of tasks and
value orientations of implementers, which form the conceptual framework of this study. These variables are all
assumed to affect project implementation positively or negatively depending on how the project implementers
appreciate and handle them. The proposed study seeks to assess the factors affecting project implementation etc.
The theory is relevant to the study variables in that it points out the fact that project management must be in
such a way that it is flexible to allow and accommodate the likely changes in the socio-economic environment,
management tasks and cultural factors. By doing this, project implementation will be successful as factors in
form of socio-economic environment, management tasks and culture will be tamed and regulated. The theory
will thus help in determining the extent to which project implementation has been affected by the current socio-
economic environment, management tasks and cultural issues and how the current school project management
has regulated these factors.
2.1.GoodLeadership in Government aided schools
For administrators to move beyond operational management to true leadership, which can lead to project
implementation in government-aided schools (Bjarne Kousholt (2017). They need to understand the capacity of
their staff, promote open communication, and provide useful feedback on project implementation.David&
Roland (2016) explains that for effective project implementation good leadership must be in existing leadership
structures in government-aided schools, administrators should focus on respect rather than popularity. While it
can be tempting to make a decision your staff might want, David& Roland says to centre your decision-making
process about project implementation good leadership should be the priority.Chandan, (2019) lamented that
“I’ve found that if project implementation is to achieve in government-aided schools, the administrators should
keep all stakeholders is involved in decision-making and should be consistent as the enhance good leadership
skills.Good leadership in government-aided schools is vital for improving the project implementation outcomes
of students. Learn how to boost your school leadership capabilities. Bjarne (2017) desires that good leadership
in schools is the practice of encouraging and enabling school-wide projects management.Albert Hamilton
(2019) adds thatgood leadership can be driven by principals and executive staff in traditional leadership roles, as
well as by school leaders and teachers without defined leadership roles.
Effective school leaders apply their educational expertise and management skills to focus their efforts, and those
of their teaching staff, on improving the quality of project management outcomes(Chandan,2019). Part of this
involves keeping up-to-date on how far the project implementation has reached as well as monitoring and
supervising school projects altogether. It also requires excellent interpersonal skills – as leaders work with both
government, staff, parents and external communities to gain constant feedback on the project implementation in
government-aided schools. School leaders need to have a solid grasp of operational best practices and an
aptitude for enabling continuous project implementation.Dennis, (2017) adds that good leadership in
government-aided schools helps the government to achieve its objectives of supporting school development.
2.2.Team motivationin Government aided schools
Brooks (2019), emphasizes the teamwork factor as a determinant to project implementation. He comments that
assigning more programme implementers to a project running behind schedule will make it even later, because
of the time required for the new implementers to learn about the project, as well as the increased communication
overhead. Henry Fayol noted that, when people have to communicate among themselves (without a hierarchy),
as the number of programmers/implementersincreases, their output decreases and can even become negative,
i.e., the total work remaining at the end of a day is greater than the total work that had been remaining at the
beginning of that day, such as when many bugs are created. A motivated team will go that extra mile to deliver a
project on time and to budget. (Kurt et al, 2019). Keep your team motivated by involving them throughout the
project and by planning frequent milestones to help them feel they are making progress. Communication is key
here, so let your team know when they are performing well, not just when they are performing badly. The above
information indicates not only the need to have teamwork but also having a motivated team
(http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/docs/eight-key-factors.doc). What is not clear however is how they should be
motivated as a team to deliver as required hence the need for the study to address this gap.
Despite good project planning and scheduling, poor or absent communication with team members and
stakeholders can bring a project undone. Project managers need excellent communication skills and a
comprehensive scheme that encourages formal and informal discussion of expectations, innovation, progress
and results (Gantt, Henry L., (2019).). If project staff do not know what their tasks are, or how to accomplish
them, then the entire project will grind to a halt. If you do not know what the project staff are (not) doing then
you will be unable to monitor project progress. And if you are uncertain of what the customer expects of you,
3. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2022
A J H S S R J o u r n a l P a g e | 35
then the project will not even get off the ground. Maintaining open, regular and accurate channels of
communication with all levels of project staff and stakeholders is vital to ensuring the smooth flow of
instructions from the customer to the factory floor and sufficient warning of risks and changes to enable early
assessment and preparation (Hage&Finsterbusch,2019). In support of the above, Joseph Phillips (2019). reveals
that Typical project people spend a lot of time planning, organizing, doing and fixing but often pay little heed to
communication. As a result, the communication, such as it is, maybe inadequate, of poor quality, or
unidirectional. In project work, there are two essential ingredients: people and the effective exchange of ideas.
Without people, nothing gets done and without communication, nobody knows what to do. After all, the very
nature of a project is that it has not been done before.
2.3 Planning in Government aided schools
With planning, projects can run on time and interact effectively with both customers and suppliers. Everyone
involved understands what is wanted and emerging problems are seen (and dealt with) long before they cause
damage. The authors however do not clearly show how planning based on effort, care and skill determine
effective project implementation (Louis et al, 2021).Time spent planning is time well spent (Maddock,
2019).All projects must have a plan with sufficient detail so that everyone involved knows where the project is
going. A good plan provides the following benefits: - Documented project milestones and deliverables, A valid
and realistic time-scale, Allows accurate cost estimates to be produced, Details resource requirements, Acts as
an early warning system, provides visibility of task slippage and Keeps the project team focused and aware of
project progress (Michael & Young,2019).). To skimp on this area is likely to lead to problems. There is a need
to ensure that contingency is built to any estimate http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/docs/eight-key-factors.doc.
The above assertions highlight the importance of planning as one of the factors affecting project
implementation.
III. MATERIALS AND METHODS
A research design is a given framework for the collection and analysis of data (Widerman, 2017),. It is a master
plan specifying the methods and procedures for collecting and analyzing data, (Young,2020). This study used a
cross-sectional survey research design adopting quantitative and qualitative approaches. The quantitative
approach helps to describe the current conditions and to investigate cause and effect relationships between the
study variables, (Amin, 2005) while the qualitative approach helps to gain insight, explore the depth, richness
and complexity inherent in the phenomenon under investigation. The cross-sectional survey approach was used
because it exposes the participants to real-life situations and simplifies complex concepts. (Amin, 2005). The
quantitative approach is sought to quantify and establish the relationships while the qualitative approach helped
the researcher gain in-depth explanations on factors affecting project implementation in government-aided
secondary schools in Kabale District.
The study population comprised 162 respondents. The study comprised of 44 Representatives of Parents
Teachers Association, 10 Head Teachers and 108 Secondary school Teachers
Table one Sample size strategy.
Table 1: Study Population, Sample Size, and Sampling Techniques
No Category Accessible
Population
Sample
Size
Sampling Technique
1 Representatives of Parents
Teachers Association
50 44 Purposive sampling
2 Head Teachers 10 10 Purposive sampling
3 Secondary school Teachers 150 108 Simple random sampling
Total 210 162
4.0. Data Quality Control (Validity and Reliability)
4.1.Validity and Reliability of Data Collection Instruments
The research instruments were pre-tested to minimize the random errors and increase the reliability of the data
collected.
4.2. Validity of Data Collection Instruments
It is the ability to produce findings that are in agreement with the theoretical or conceptual values ie to produce
accurate results and to measure what is supposed to be measured (Amin; 2005). The validity of research
instruments was studied using the content validity index. Content validity is a measure of the degree to which
data collected using a particular instrument represents a specific domain of indicators/content of a particular
concept (Mugenda and Mugenda, 1999).
To ensure the validity of data collected, two experts rated each item on the scale: very relevant (4), quite
relevant (3), somewhat relevant (2) and not relevant (1). Validity was determined using the Content Validity
Index (CVI).
4. American Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences Research (AJHSSR) 2022
A J H S S R J o u r n a l P a g e | 36
The Content Validity Index (CVI) will then be calculated using the formula below;
CVI= n
N
Where
n = the number of items rated as quite relevant or very relevant by both raters (3 or 4)
N= Total number of items in the questionnaire (Oso &Onen, 2008).
The items in both the questionnaire and the interviews were taken to be valid if the CVI for each instrument is
0.7 and above (Amin, 2005).
4.4 Reliability of Data Collection Instruments
It is a measure of the degree to which a research instrument yields consistent results/data after repeated trials.
The reliability of the research instrument was studied using the Cronbach alpha coefficient. The reliability of the
instruments will be computed using SPSS to determine the Cronbach Alpha Coefficient. The closer it is to 1, the
higher the consistency (Sekaran, 2003). The questionnaire was pre-tested in the areas not intended for research
using Test/re-test because it permits the instrument to be compared with itself, thus avoiding the sort of
problems that could arise with the use of another instrument (Kumar, 2011).
The Cronbach Alpha formula below will be used:
α =
K
K− 1 1-
t
SD²
²i
SD
Whereby;
K = Number of items in the instrument
SD²i = Variance of total instruments
SD²t= Variance of a single individual item
α = Alpha
The scores found at 0.7 and above alpha values indicated good credits hence better for use (Amin, 2005).
Pretesting of the questionnaire and Cronbach alpha test
To determine the Cronbach alpha, the questionnaire was pretested through a pilot study conducted in
RukigaDistrict is found in South Western Uganda which is neighbouring Kabale District in the north, the
Republic of Rwanda in the south,t and Kanungu and Rukungiri Districts in the East. Therefore, the population
are likely to have similar characteristics to those of the intended study participants. A total of 15 respondents
took part in the pilot study. The data collected from the pilot study/ test was entered in SPSS version 23 and
analyzed for reliability using the Cronbach alpha test, SPSS version 23. Analysis of data was done based on the
demission of the independent variable as below.
Table 3. 1: The Demension of the Independent Variables
Variable Reliability statistics
Good leadership 0.854
Team motivation 0.807
Planning 0.967
Social economic 0.888
Total 3.516
Average 3.516/4=0.879
Source: Field data 2021.
Cronbach’s Alpha was 0.879. a reliability coefficient (alpha) of 0.7 range is considered acceptable and those
above 0.9 are considered good. (Lewis,2016).). Therefore, the questionnaire had good reliability.
4.2. Data Processing and Analysis.
After the fieldwork, the data were input into Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 21 and
exposed to a systematic cleaning before hypothesis testing (Rovai et al., 2013). Two statistical software
packages were applied for dissecting the data collected. Specifically, SPSS version 21 was used for preliminary
data analysis, while Analysis of Moments of Structures (AMOS) version 21 was used for Structural Equation
Modelling (SEM) guided by confirmatory factor analysis (Blunch, 2012).
Social Economic factors and project implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale
District
The data to achieve this was obtained from the primary sources (staff) secondary data (Documented work). This
was done using a five-scale questionnaire of strongly Agree (SA), Agree (A), Undecided (UD), Disagree (D)
and Strongly Disagree (SD). A summary of the responses is presented in Table 7 below.
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Table 7: Analysis of the ten statements that were subjected to the respondents.
Key: Strongly Agree (SA) 5, (Agree (A) (4), Undecided (UD) 3, Disagree (D) 2 and Strongly Disagree (SD) 1
Response Agree Undecided Disagree MEAN SD
F % F % F %
Availability of funds is a
key aspect in project
implementation
135 83.3 5 3.1 22 13.6 4.5071 61745
There are reliable sources for
project funds to ensure continuous
implementation
94 58 - - 68 42 4.3643 62572
There is a challenge in the proper
handling of project funds during
implementation
68 42 36 22.2 58 35.8 4.5286 49665
change in government’s economic
policies has increased costs in
project implementation in
secondary schools
121 74.7 30 18.5 11 6.8 4.4286 49665
Change in economic policies
affects planning and budgeting for
project activities
141 92.4 - - 21 13.0 4.4286 49665
The project can run despite
changes in economic policies
135 83.3 - - 27 16.7 4.4286 49665
Leadership structure in the school
is vital in project implementation
161 99.3 - - 1 .6 4.4286 49665
Project implementation is usually
based on the available leadership
structure
145 89.5 - - 17 10.5 4.4286 49665
The leadership structure is well
streamlined to ensure effective
implementation of each
stakeholder/staff’s roles
137 84.5 - - 25 15.4 4.4286 49665
The project implementers have
the necessary leadership skills
needed for effective project
implementation
132 81.5 - - 30 18.5 1.2654 88320
Source: Field data 2021
Table 4.5 above, indicates analyses on the ten statements that were subjected to the respondents and intended to
measure social-economic factors on project implementation in Government Aided secondary schools in Kabale
District. The descriptive statistics from the table above are explained as follows;
Respondents were asked whether the availability of funds is a key aspect in project implementation, 83.3% of
the respondents agreed with the statement with a mean of 4.5071 and standard deviation of 61745. Once again
respondents were asked whether, there are reliable sources for project funds to ensure continuous
implementation, 58% of the respondents agreed with the statement, with a mean of 4.3643 and standard
deviation of 62572. Respondents were further asked if there is a challenge in the proper handling of project
funds during implementation, 74.7% of the respondents agreed with the statement 42% of the respondents,
22.2% of the respondents were undecided leaving 35% of the respondents in disagreement. Once again
respondents were further asked whether a change in the government’s economic policies has increased costs in
project implementation in secondary schools, 74.7% of the respondents agreed with the statement with a mean
of 4.4286 and a standard deviation of 49665. Respondents were asked whether Change in economic policies
affects planning and budgeting for project activities, 92.4% of the respondents agreed with the statement with a
mean of 4.4286 and standard deviation of 49665. Respondents were asked whether the project can run despite
changes in economic policies agreed with the statement with 83.3% of the respondents a mean of 4.4286 and
standard deviation of 49665. Respondents were asked whether leadership structure in the school is vital in
project implementation, 99.3% of the respondents agreed with the statement with a mean of 4.4286 and standard
deviation of 49665. Respondents were further asked whether project implementation is usually based on the
available leadership structure, 89.5% of the respondents agreed with the statement with a mean of 4.4286 and
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standard deviation of 49665. Respondents once again were asked whether the leadership structure is well
streamlined to ensure effective implementation of each stakeholder/staff’s roles, 84.5% of the respondents
agreed with the statement with a mean of 4.4286 and standard deviation of 49665 and lastly, respondents were
asked whether the project implementers have the necessary leadership skills needed for effective project
implementation, 81.5% of the respondents agreed with mean of 1.2654 standard deviations of 88320
The study was subjected to ten statements to the respondents on social-economic factors to discover if social-
economic factors affect project implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District. From
the descriptive statistics shown above, the nature of responses and descriptive statistics indicate that there is
social-economic factors fact that all respondents agreed to the statements that had been set to measure social-
economic factors. After conducting quantitative data analysis, qualitative analyses were performed on
qualitative data that had been generated through key informant interviews. On social-economic factors, the
qualitative findings are presented hereunder.
key informants noted that; Perhaps the most distinguishing characteristic of those firms excelling in project
management is their belief and commitment that project management should be treated as a strategic
competency, necessary for the survival of the firm. With this intent, companies today appear committed to
strategic planning for project management excellence using best practices added that project planning is part of
project management, which relates to the use of schedules such as Gantt charts to plan and subsequently report
progress within the project environment. Initially, the project scope is defined and the appropriate methods for
completing the project are determined. Following this step, the durations for the various tasks necessary to
complete the work are listed and grouped into a work breakdown structure.
Largely for all the paradigms of social-economic factors (Availability of funds, change in economic policies,
Leadership structure, Team motivation and planning) indicates that social-economic factors affect project
implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District. After conducting qualitative data
analysis the study confirmed that there was a linkage between quantitative and qualitative findings. There was
an agreement between the two data sets and it was clear that qualitative data reinforced quantitative data.
5.5. Hypothesis testing
The study tested the stated hypotheses to be able to generalize the findings from the samples of the population.
This was done by the use of inferential statistics. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to
establish whether there was99 any relationship between the independent and dependent variables, the magnitude
and direction of the relationships and to establish the relationship model and test the two hypotheses.
To verify the alternative hypothesis that social-economic factors positively affect project implementation in
government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District. The Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient
was thus, used to determine the magnitude of the relationship as shown in Table 8 below:
Table 8:Correlation analysis forsocial-economic factors
project implementation Social-economic factors
Project implementation
Pearson
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
Pearson
Correlation
Sig. (2-tailed)
N
1 .962**
.000
82 82
Social Economic factors
.962**
.000
82 82
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
Source: Primary Data 2021
Table 4.9 above, shows a correlation coefficient of.0.962 shows that social-economic factors have a positive
correlation with factors affecting project implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale
District. A regression analysis was hence, run to determine the strength of the relationship between social-
economic factors rates on project implementation that is, how much of the variance in the independent variable
would affect the dependent variable.
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Table 9: Model Summary
Mode
l
R R Square Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of the
Estimate
1 .962a
.925 .924 .15216
a. Predictors: (Constant), social-economic factors
The coefficient of determination .962 implies that social-economic factors have an influence on project
implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District.Thus, a significant positive
relationship. This means that the more, social-economic factors, the stronger the project implementation in
government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District. Hence, social-economic factors contribute 96.2% to
project implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District.
Table 10: Regression output summary on, social economic factors
Coefficientsa
Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized
Coefficients
t Sig.
B Std. Error Beta
(Constant) .385 .134 2.882 .005
1 Social economic factor
.921 .030 .962 30.953 .000
a. Dependent Variable: Project Implementation.
Source. Field data 2021.
The result again revealed a regression coefficient of. 962 at 0.01 significance level hence a positive significance.
Results further confirm that social-economic factors have a positive influence on project implementation in
government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District with a Beta value of 0.962 at a 95% level of confidence.
Therefore, the hypothesis which stated that “social-economic factors has a significant effect on project
implementation in government-aided secondary schools in Kabale District is upheld.
5.6: FINDINGS
Largely for all the paradigms of social-economic ( good leadership, teamwork motivation and planning)
indicates that government-aided schools have got challenges in project implement
5.7: CONCLUSION
After conducting qualitative data analysis, the study confirmed that there was a linkage between quantitative and
qualitative findings. There was an agreement between the two data sets and it was clear that qualitative data
reinforced quantitative data.
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