The document discusses the social construction of gender and how it shapes societal expectations. It defines gender as a social construct determined by culture, not biology, which influences what roles and behaviors are expected of men and women. The ideology of gender establishes norms that determine things like advantages/disadvantages, as well as access to resources. This ideology is perpetuated through various societal influences and creates disparities in how men and women are viewed and treated.
2. 2
Social Construction of Gender
“Sex”---- biological category
“Gender”----Sociological category
Definition: Gender is a social
construct that is determined by
culture and society and defines
man-woman relationship that is
changeable.
3. 3
Ideology of gender
determines--
What is expected of us
What is allowed of us
What is valued in us
The nature and extent of
Disadvantage
Disparity
Discrimination
4. 4
Manifestation of gender
differences can be found in
Construction of
Roles-What women and Men do
Relations- How women and men relate
to each other
Identity-how women and men perceive
themselves
5. 5
Ideology of Gender
Contains norms and rules regarding
appropriate behavior
Determines attributes
Reproduces range of beliefs and customs
to support these norms and social rules
Norms and rules determine material
reality of relative access of men and
women to and claims over different
resources. E.g. food, health,education,
property, job, opportunities &
entitlements, so on & so forth
6. 6
Patriarchy-------
a form of social organisation in which men
dominate women.
Promotes patri-locality and patrilineage
Controls sexuality, fertility and labour of
women
Promotes double standard of sexual morality
7. 7
Power of Patriachy flows from
Family
Proverb
Religion
Kinship Network
Custom-tradition
Education System
Media
State-
Laws, criminal justice system,administration
Leisure-time activities
8. 8
Gender at Work
The family picture is on HIS desk.
Ah, a solid, responsible family man.
The family picture is on HER desk.
Umm, her family will come before her career.
9. 9
HIS desk is cluttered.
He's obviously a hard worker
and a busy man.
HER desk is cluttered.
She's obviously
a disorganized scatterbrain.
10. 10
HE is talking with his co-workers.
He must be discussing the latest deal.
SHE is talking with her co-workers.
She must be gossiping.
11. 11
HE's not at his desk.
He must be at a meeting.
SHE's not at her desk.
She must be in the ladies' room.
12. 12
HE's having lunch with the boss.
He's on his way up.
SHE's having lunch with the boss.
They must be having an affair.
13. 13
The boss criticized HIM.
He'll improve his performance.
The boss criticized HER.
She'll be very upset.
14. 14
HE got an unfair deal.
Did he get angry?
SHE got an unfair deal.
Did she cry?
16. 16
HE's having a baby.
He'll need a raise.
SHE's having a baby.
She'll cost the company money in
maternity benefits.
17. 17
HE's going on a business trip.
It's good for his career.
SHE's going on a business trip.
What does her husband say?
18. 18
HE's leaving for a better job.
He knows how to recognize
a good opportunity.
SHE's leaving for a better job.
Women are not dependable.
19. 19
Women’s Rights at Workplace
Pressure
from
outside and inside
Power & energy
for the change
process
Building
allies
Surfacing
multiple
perspectives
Challenges to
deep structures
Agenda
setting
power
Gender
equity
New
work
practices
More women
in senior
positions
Increased gender equality
