The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research including the creation of logic theories, machine learning algorithms, and neural networks. Recent advances in deep learning have helped AI systems match and even surpass human-level performance in certain tasks such as image recognition.
Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are required to make once in their lifetime if they are physically and financially able to do so. It represents the coming together of Muslims from all over the world in a spirit of unity and equality. During Hajj, pilgrims engage in rituals of worship and reflection intended to deepen their spiritual connection with God and experience humility and submission. Sociologically, Hajj breaks down social and cultural divides as pilgrims from many nations interact and see their shared identity as Muslims as more important than differences. Functionally, Hajj reinforces Islamic principles of equality of all people and avoidance of sins through rituals like wearing the plain white ihram garment and
Women's rights and status in Islam are discussed from various perspectives in the document. It summarizes that under pre-Islamic traditions, women were often treated as property without rights. The Quran and hadiths established women's rights to property, inheritance, divorce, education, and participation in public life. Islam requires equitable treatment between men and women in religious and social roles. Hijab is explained as modest dress and behavior mandated by God to protect women's honor and define their identity, not restrict their freedom.
The document discusses the compilation of the Quran. It states that the Quran was initially revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over 23 years, with the earliest revelations focusing on monotheism, the afterlife, and the end of times. As Islam spread to Medina, revelations focused more on building a righteous community and society. The Quran was memorized and written down during the Prophet's life. After his death, copies were compiled into one volume under Abu Bakr to preserve it, and later standardized under Uthman to have one authoritative text.
The document provides an overview of the life and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. It describes how he established a just society and introduced reforms that improved women's rights and social conditions. It highlights his virtues of humility, generosity and bringing peace. His teachings addressed all aspects of life and established lasting guidance for mankind based on divine revelation.
The document provides an introduction to Hadith, including:
1) Definitions of Hadith, both literal and technical, and the subject matter of Hadith, which is to obtain guidance from the Prophet Muhammad.
2) The aims and objectives of studying Hadith are to follow the guidance of the Prophet in order to be successful in this life and the next.
3) Hadith is mentioned in the Quran referring to the guidance given to the Prophet by Allah, establishing the authority of Hadith from the Quran itself.
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research including the creation of logic theories, machine learning algorithms, and neural networks. Recent advances in deep learning have helped AI systems match and even surpass human-level performance in certain tasks such as image recognition.
Hajj is the annual pilgrimage to Mecca that all Muslims are required to make once in their lifetime if they are physically and financially able to do so. It represents the coming together of Muslims from all over the world in a spirit of unity and equality. During Hajj, pilgrims engage in rituals of worship and reflection intended to deepen their spiritual connection with God and experience humility and submission. Sociologically, Hajj breaks down social and cultural divides as pilgrims from many nations interact and see their shared identity as Muslims as more important than differences. Functionally, Hajj reinforces Islamic principles of equality of all people and avoidance of sins through rituals like wearing the plain white ihram garment and
Women's rights and status in Islam are discussed from various perspectives in the document. It summarizes that under pre-Islamic traditions, women were often treated as property without rights. The Quran and hadiths established women's rights to property, inheritance, divorce, education, and participation in public life. Islam requires equitable treatment between men and women in religious and social roles. Hijab is explained as modest dress and behavior mandated by God to protect women's honor and define their identity, not restrict their freedom.
The document discusses the compilation of the Quran. It states that the Quran was initially revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over 23 years, with the earliest revelations focusing on monotheism, the afterlife, and the end of times. As Islam spread to Medina, revelations focused more on building a righteous community and society. The Quran was memorized and written down during the Prophet's life. After his death, copies were compiled into one volume under Abu Bakr to preserve it, and later standardized under Uthman to have one authoritative text.
The document provides an overview of the life and teachings of the Prophet Muhammad. It describes how he established a just society and introduced reforms that improved women's rights and social conditions. It highlights his virtues of humility, generosity and bringing peace. His teachings addressed all aspects of life and established lasting guidance for mankind based on divine revelation.
The document provides an introduction to Hadith, including:
1) Definitions of Hadith, both literal and technical, and the subject matter of Hadith, which is to obtain guidance from the Prophet Muhammad.
2) The aims and objectives of studying Hadith are to follow the guidance of the Prophet in order to be successful in this life and the next.
3) Hadith is mentioned in the Quran referring to the guidance given to the Prophet by Allah, establishing the authority of Hadith from the Quran itself.
In the ahadith reference is made of the merit, praise and glad tidings of virtuous women. Ahadith of the beloved Nabi (P.B.U.H.)regarding the respect, partiality and consideration to be shown to them and whose study is equally necessary for pious men whereby they may recognize and appreciate the rights of their wives. By fulfilling their rights, one can attain the pleasure of this world and the next. Women, too, should make this true and natural religion, which has given them a distinct place and honour, completely theirs.
Hinduism is considered more of a way of life (Sanatana Dharma) than a religion. It is based on principles of dharma (duties and virtues), artha (wealth and prosperity), kama (desire and enjoyment), and moksha (liberation from suffering). Hindus believe in karma (moral law of cause and effect) and samsara (cycle of birth, death and rebirth). The ultimate goal is to realize God through various means like yoga, following one's dharma, or through love and devotion. Hinduism allows for many paths to realization rather than one set doctrine.
Islam improved women's rights and status in Arab society. Before Islam, women were considered property and had no rights. They could be buried alive and only males could inherit. Islam defined women's roles and gave them protection, rights, and equality under the religion. It granted women the rights to education, own property, choose their marriage, obtain a divorce, express opinions, vote, and hold leadership positions.
The content for this presentation on the Tafseer of Surah Al-Falaq is taken from the book 'An Enlightening Commentary into the Holy Quran' which is a translation of Tafsir e Namuna.
Please recite a Fateha for my late father, Syed Abbas Mosavi. JazakAllah.
The document discusses the history of chocolate, from its origins in Mesoamerica to its spread throughout Europe. Cacao beans were first used as currency and medicine by the Olmec and Mayans. Spanish conquistadors introduced chocolate to Europe in the 16th century, where it became a popular drink among the elite. By the 19th century, chocolate had evolved into a global commodity.
The document discusses several miracles and scientific facts mentioned in the Holy Quran. It begins by providing context that the Quran is the last holy book revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over 20 years. It then discusses four main points:
1) The linguistic miracle of the Quran and its challenge to produce a single chapter like it.
2) Allah's promise to protect the Quran and how copies today remain unchanged.
3) Hadith praising those who study and teach the Quran.
4) Scientific facts mentioned in the Quran centuries before their scientific discovery, including that the sun has its own light while the moon reflects light, embryonic development stages, and fingerprints.
This document discusses the concept of Jihad in Islam. It begins by covering Islamic beliefs and then defines Jihad as meaning struggle or effort for excellence, which can take three forms: struggling against one's own evil desires; struggling against evil in society; and struggling in battle for self-defense or to end oppression. It notes that valid reasons for military Jihad include self-defense, resisting occupation, and protecting religious freedom, but that Jihad does not mean forcing religion on others or fighting for personal power or wealth. The document outlines Islamic rules of warfare, such as offering peace first, protecting non-combatants, avoiding destruction, and just treatment of prisoners. It stresses that Jihad should not be connected to terrorism.
The document discusses the origins and views of the Ash'ari and Maturidi theological schools in Sunni Islam. It begins by explaining that Ash'ari theology was founded by al-Ash'ari in the 9th century in response to the rationalism of the Mu'tazila school. Al-Ash'ari originally followed Mu'tazila doctrines but later converted and insisted that revelation is primary over reason. The document then discusses the views of al-Maturidi, the founder of the competing Maturidi school, on issues like free will and knowledge. It explains that both schools struck a balance between reason and revelation but the Ash'ari school placed more emphasis on revelation's authority.
Prophet Muhammad [S.A.W.]'s Life in MadinahFaiqAli30
1) The Prophet Muhammad established a mosque in Madinah called the Mosque of the Prophet, which served as a place of worship and political/military headquarters.
2) Arrangements were made for Muslims who migrated from Makkah (Muhajirun) and the inhabitants of Madinah (Ansar), and treaties were signed with Jewish tribes.
3) The Jews broke their treaties by trying to wage war against the Prophet and Muslims. Jewish tribes like Banu Nadir and Banu Qurayza were exiled or punished after betraying the Muslims.
Chairil Anwar was an Indonesian poet born in 1922 in Medan, North Sumatra. He wrote extensively in his short life, producing over 70 poems before his death in 1949 in Jakarta at the age of 26 from an unknown illness. Anwar's poems dealt with themes of death, individualism, and existentialism and helped develop the Indonesian language by using everyday language and new syntax. He was influential among other writers and is considered an important figure in Indonesian literature.
The document provides information on various topics related to Islamic culture and practices, including:
1. Definitions of culture and examples of cultural elements such as customs, laws, dress, and traditions.
2. Discussions of Islamic dress code for both males and females, which emphasize modesty, loose fitting clothes that don't resemble the opposite sex, and avoiding tight or see-through fabrics.
3. Guidelines for Islamic festivals and holidays, noting the three main Muslim festivals are Friday, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha, which are acts of worship rather than personality-based like some other religions.
4. Additional topics covered include languages, architecture, and calligraphy
The document discusses the concept of prophethood in Islam. It defines prophethood (risalat) as Allah's means of communicating guidance to mankind by sending chosen people (prophets and messengers) to convey His message. It explains that while all messengers (rasools) were prophets (anbiya), not all prophets were messengers, with messengers receiving a new divine law. The document notes there were 124,000 prophets total and 313 were messengers, discussing the need for prophethood and characteristics of prophets.
Zakat, or obligatory charity, is the fourth pillar of Islam. It requires Muslims who meet the minimum financial threshold to pay 2.5% of their wealth each lunar year to specified categories of recipients, such as the poor and needy. Zakat purifies wealth and brings blessings. It is meant to fulfill one's obligation to society and help those most in need, not just for one's own enjoyment. Paying zakat is compulsory for all financially able Muslims according to the Quran and hadith. The document provides details on the calculation and recipients of zakat. It emphasizes giving charity from lawful earnings and helping others privately and respectfully solely to please God.
The Battle of Badr was a decisive battle fought in 624 CE between Muhammad and his followers from Medina and the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. The Quraysh sent a force of 1000 men to attack the outnumbered Muslim force of 313 men after some of Muhammad's followers intercepted a Quraysh trade caravan. Through divine intervention in the form of an army of angels, the Muslims were able to defeat the Quraysh and kill many of their leaders, including Abu Jahl, establishing the religion of Islam in Arabia.
Ibadah refers to acts of worship and obedience to God. It includes all outward physical acts like prayers, fasting, and good treatment of others as well as inward acts of the heart like love for God, fear of God, and sincerity. Ibadah encompasses everything that God loves and is pleased with from both sayings and actions, whether visible or hidden. The Quran and hadith provide evidence of the broad meaning of ibadah in Islam as submitting wholly to God through both outward and inward worship and good deeds.
Social structure in a Muslim society and its impact on women's statusUjala Shaikh
The document discusses several key aspects of social structure and gender roles in Islamic societies according to Islamic teachings:
1) Islam established the equality of all humans and that men and women are equally obliged to perform religious duties and deserve equal reward for their deeds. It also grants women the right to own property, get an education, express their opinions, and participate in politics.
2) However, Islamic family law in many Muslim-majority countries poses obstacles to full gender equality. Reforms have been limited and sometimes rolled back by conservative forces.
3) Sociological studies have examined how gender inequalities are constructed and maintained in various arenas of life in Muslim societies, and women's rights activists continue working for further
The document discusses the books that Allah sent to prophets as revelations to guide mankind, including the Suhuf to Ibrahim, the Zaboor to David, the Tawraah to Moses, and the Injeel to Jesus. These books all had the core message that there is no God but Allah. Over time, all the books except the Qur'an were lost or changed by people, but Muslims still believe Allah originally sent them. Now, the Qur'an is the only remaining divine scripture in its original form, protected by Allah.
In the ahadith reference is made of the merit, praise and glad tidings of virtuous women. Ahadith of the beloved Nabi (P.B.U.H.)regarding the respect, partiality and consideration to be shown to them and whose study is equally necessary for pious men whereby they may recognize and appreciate the rights of their wives. By fulfilling their rights, one can attain the pleasure of this world and the next. Women, too, should make this true and natural religion, which has given them a distinct place and honour, completely theirs.
Hinduism is considered more of a way of life (Sanatana Dharma) than a religion. It is based on principles of dharma (duties and virtues), artha (wealth and prosperity), kama (desire and enjoyment), and moksha (liberation from suffering). Hindus believe in karma (moral law of cause and effect) and samsara (cycle of birth, death and rebirth). The ultimate goal is to realize God through various means like yoga, following one's dharma, or through love and devotion. Hinduism allows for many paths to realization rather than one set doctrine.
Islam improved women's rights and status in Arab society. Before Islam, women were considered property and had no rights. They could be buried alive and only males could inherit. Islam defined women's roles and gave them protection, rights, and equality under the religion. It granted women the rights to education, own property, choose their marriage, obtain a divorce, express opinions, vote, and hold leadership positions.
The content for this presentation on the Tafseer of Surah Al-Falaq is taken from the book 'An Enlightening Commentary into the Holy Quran' which is a translation of Tafsir e Namuna.
Please recite a Fateha for my late father, Syed Abbas Mosavi. JazakAllah.
The document discusses the history of chocolate, from its origins in Mesoamerica to its spread throughout Europe. Cacao beans were first used as currency and medicine by the Olmec and Mayans. Spanish conquistadors introduced chocolate to Europe in the 16th century, where it became a popular drink among the elite. By the 19th century, chocolate had evolved into a global commodity.
The document discusses several miracles and scientific facts mentioned in the Holy Quran. It begins by providing context that the Quran is the last holy book revealed to the Prophet Muhammad over 20 years. It then discusses four main points:
1) The linguistic miracle of the Quran and its challenge to produce a single chapter like it.
2) Allah's promise to protect the Quran and how copies today remain unchanged.
3) Hadith praising those who study and teach the Quran.
4) Scientific facts mentioned in the Quran centuries before their scientific discovery, including that the sun has its own light while the moon reflects light, embryonic development stages, and fingerprints.
This document discusses the concept of Jihad in Islam. It begins by covering Islamic beliefs and then defines Jihad as meaning struggle or effort for excellence, which can take three forms: struggling against one's own evil desires; struggling against evil in society; and struggling in battle for self-defense or to end oppression. It notes that valid reasons for military Jihad include self-defense, resisting occupation, and protecting religious freedom, but that Jihad does not mean forcing religion on others or fighting for personal power or wealth. The document outlines Islamic rules of warfare, such as offering peace first, protecting non-combatants, avoiding destruction, and just treatment of prisoners. It stresses that Jihad should not be connected to terrorism.
The document discusses the origins and views of the Ash'ari and Maturidi theological schools in Sunni Islam. It begins by explaining that Ash'ari theology was founded by al-Ash'ari in the 9th century in response to the rationalism of the Mu'tazila school. Al-Ash'ari originally followed Mu'tazila doctrines but later converted and insisted that revelation is primary over reason. The document then discusses the views of al-Maturidi, the founder of the competing Maturidi school, on issues like free will and knowledge. It explains that both schools struck a balance between reason and revelation but the Ash'ari school placed more emphasis on revelation's authority.
Prophet Muhammad [S.A.W.]'s Life in MadinahFaiqAli30
1) The Prophet Muhammad established a mosque in Madinah called the Mosque of the Prophet, which served as a place of worship and political/military headquarters.
2) Arrangements were made for Muslims who migrated from Makkah (Muhajirun) and the inhabitants of Madinah (Ansar), and treaties were signed with Jewish tribes.
3) The Jews broke their treaties by trying to wage war against the Prophet and Muslims. Jewish tribes like Banu Nadir and Banu Qurayza were exiled or punished after betraying the Muslims.
Chairil Anwar was an Indonesian poet born in 1922 in Medan, North Sumatra. He wrote extensively in his short life, producing over 70 poems before his death in 1949 in Jakarta at the age of 26 from an unknown illness. Anwar's poems dealt with themes of death, individualism, and existentialism and helped develop the Indonesian language by using everyday language and new syntax. He was influential among other writers and is considered an important figure in Indonesian literature.
The document provides information on various topics related to Islamic culture and practices, including:
1. Definitions of culture and examples of cultural elements such as customs, laws, dress, and traditions.
2. Discussions of Islamic dress code for both males and females, which emphasize modesty, loose fitting clothes that don't resemble the opposite sex, and avoiding tight or see-through fabrics.
3. Guidelines for Islamic festivals and holidays, noting the three main Muslim festivals are Friday, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha, which are acts of worship rather than personality-based like some other religions.
4. Additional topics covered include languages, architecture, and calligraphy
The document discusses the concept of prophethood in Islam. It defines prophethood (risalat) as Allah's means of communicating guidance to mankind by sending chosen people (prophets and messengers) to convey His message. It explains that while all messengers (rasools) were prophets (anbiya), not all prophets were messengers, with messengers receiving a new divine law. The document notes there were 124,000 prophets total and 313 were messengers, discussing the need for prophethood and characteristics of prophets.
Zakat, or obligatory charity, is the fourth pillar of Islam. It requires Muslims who meet the minimum financial threshold to pay 2.5% of their wealth each lunar year to specified categories of recipients, such as the poor and needy. Zakat purifies wealth and brings blessings. It is meant to fulfill one's obligation to society and help those most in need, not just for one's own enjoyment. Paying zakat is compulsory for all financially able Muslims according to the Quran and hadith. The document provides details on the calculation and recipients of zakat. It emphasizes giving charity from lawful earnings and helping others privately and respectfully solely to please God.
The Battle of Badr was a decisive battle fought in 624 CE between Muhammad and his followers from Medina and the Quraysh tribe of Mecca. The Quraysh sent a force of 1000 men to attack the outnumbered Muslim force of 313 men after some of Muhammad's followers intercepted a Quraysh trade caravan. Through divine intervention in the form of an army of angels, the Muslims were able to defeat the Quraysh and kill many of their leaders, including Abu Jahl, establishing the religion of Islam in Arabia.
Ibadah refers to acts of worship and obedience to God. It includes all outward physical acts like prayers, fasting, and good treatment of others as well as inward acts of the heart like love for God, fear of God, and sincerity. Ibadah encompasses everything that God loves and is pleased with from both sayings and actions, whether visible or hidden. The Quran and hadith provide evidence of the broad meaning of ibadah in Islam as submitting wholly to God through both outward and inward worship and good deeds.
Social structure in a Muslim society and its impact on women's statusUjala Shaikh
The document discusses several key aspects of social structure and gender roles in Islamic societies according to Islamic teachings:
1) Islam established the equality of all humans and that men and women are equally obliged to perform religious duties and deserve equal reward for their deeds. It also grants women the right to own property, get an education, express their opinions, and participate in politics.
2) However, Islamic family law in many Muslim-majority countries poses obstacles to full gender equality. Reforms have been limited and sometimes rolled back by conservative forces.
3) Sociological studies have examined how gender inequalities are constructed and maintained in various arenas of life in Muslim societies, and women's rights activists continue working for further
The document discusses the books that Allah sent to prophets as revelations to guide mankind, including the Suhuf to Ibrahim, the Zaboor to David, the Tawraah to Moses, and the Injeel to Jesus. These books all had the core message that there is no God but Allah. Over time, all the books except the Qur'an were lost or changed by people, but Muslims still believe Allah originally sent them. Now, the Qur'an is the only remaining divine scripture in its original form, protected by Allah.
Mastering the Concepts Tested in the Databricks Certified Data Engineer Assoc...SkillCertProExams
• For a full set of 760+ questions. Go to
https://skillcertpro.com/product/databricks-certified-data-engineer-associate-exam-questions/
• SkillCertPro offers detailed explanations to each question which helps to understand the concepts better.
• It is recommended to score above 85% in SkillCertPro exams before attempting a real exam.
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This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Thibault Schrepel, Associate Professor of Law at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam University, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Nathaniel Lane, Associate Professor in Economics at Oxford University, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
XP 2024 presentation: A New Look to Leadershipsamililja
Presentation slides from XP2024 conference, Bolzano IT. The slides describe a new view to leadership and combines it with anthro-complexity (aka cynefin).
This presentation by Juraj Čorba, Chair of OECD Working Party on Artificial Intelligence Governance (AIGO), was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Suzanne Lagerweij - Influence Without Power - Why Empathy is Your Best Friend...Suzanne Lagerweij
This is a workshop about communication and collaboration. We will experience how we can analyze the reasons for resistance to change (exercise 1) and practice how to improve our conversation style and be more in control and effective in the way we communicate (exercise 2).
This session will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
Abstract:
Let’s talk about powerful conversations! We all know how to lead a constructive conversation, right? Then why is it so difficult to have those conversations with people at work, especially those in powerful positions that show resistance to change?
Learning to control and direct conversations takes understanding and practice.
We can combine our innate empathy with our analytical skills to gain a deeper understanding of complex situations at work. Join this session to learn how to prepare for difficult conversations and how to improve our agile conversations in order to be more influential without power. We will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
In the session you will experience how preparing and reflecting on your conversation can help you be more influential at work. You will learn how to communicate more effectively with the people needed to achieve positive change. You will leave with a self-revised version of a difficult conversation and a practical model to use when you get back to work.
Come learn more on how to become a real influencer!
This presentation by Professor Alex Robson, Deputy Chair of Australia’s Productivity Commission, was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the 77th meeting of the OECD Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Collapsing Narratives: Exploring Non-Linearity • a micro report by Rosie WellsRosie Wells
Insight: In a landscape where traditional narrative structures are giving way to fragmented and non-linear forms of storytelling, there lies immense potential for creativity and exploration.
'Collapsing Narratives: Exploring Non-Linearity' is a micro report from Rosie Wells.
Rosie Wells is an Arts & Cultural Strategist uniquely positioned at the intersection of grassroots and mainstream storytelling.
Their work is focused on developing meaningful and lasting connections that can drive social change.
Please download this presentation to enjoy the hyperlinks!
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.