The document discusses land art and social practice art, beginning in the 1970s with artists like Robert Smithson, Walter de Maria, and Michael Heizer who created large-scale, environmental works. It notes key characteristics of these works being site-specific, experiential, and ephemeral. More recent artists mentioned include Andy Goldsworthy, who works with natural materials, and James Turell, whose works include outdoor spaces that alter perceptions of light, sky, and landscape. The document also references the Brazilian artist Vik Muniz and his photographs of a landfill, as well as artist Ra Paulette's belief that art can catalyze emotional and social change.