This document discusses social entrepreneurship and social enterprises. It defines social entrepreneurship as innovative, social value creating activity that occurs across non-profit, business or government sectors. Social enterprises use business methods to achieve social objectives. The document outlines that social enterprises address social problems through more effective and sustainable solutions than existing approaches. It provides examples of social enterprises in India, the domains they work in such as agriculture, education, healthcare, and the organizations that support and promote social enterprises in India.

1. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
NAGARAJU L G
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
REVA UNIVERSITY
BENGALURU-64

2. SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP
 Social entrepreneurship as innovative, social value
creating activity that can occur within or across the
non-profit, business, or government sectors(James
AustinHowardStevenson-2006),Social
entrepreneurship is process of creating sustainable
social impact(R El Ebrashi -2013) Social
entrepreneurship in modern society offers an
altruistic form of entrepreneurship that focuses on
the benefits that society.(Williams, John, and Tan,
Teck-Meng- 2005).SE, “entrepreneurial activity with
an embedded social purpose” (Austin, Stevenson, &
Wei-Skillern, 2006)

3. SOCIAL ENTERPRISE
 SE encompasses the activities and process undertaken to
discover, define and exploit opportunities in order to
enhance social wealth by creating new ventures or
managing existing organization in an innovative
manner(Shakar A. Zahara 2009)
 Social enterprises are predominantly for-profit private
sector small businesses that engage with the low-
income population to address challenges of access and
affordability in critical needs sectors.(Indian social
enterprise Landscape report)

4.  A social enterprise is a business with
primarily social objectives whose surpluses
are principally reinvested for that purpose in
the business or in the community, rather
than being driven by the need to maximise
profit for shareholders and owners“(G Giulia-
2002)
Social enterprises” are a sub set of such activities
in which commercial models are used as the
vehicle by which social objects are
achieved(Nicholls 2006b; Thompson 2008)

5. SOCIAL INNOVATION AND SOCIAL CAPITAL
 Social innovation as “a novel solution to
a social problem that is more effective,
efficient, sustainable or just than existing
solutions and for which the value created accrues
primarily to society as a whole rather than private
individuals.( Standford Innovation review-2012)
“Social innovation is the process of developing
and deploying effective solutions to challenging
and often systemic social and environmental
issues in support of social progress.(Soule,
Malhotra, Clavier).


6. SOCIAL CAPITAL
 Social Capital ,Networks together with shared
norms, values and understandings that facilitate co-
operation within or among groups.(OECD 2012)
 Social capital ,those factors of effectively
functioning social groups that include such things
as interpersonal relationships, a shared sense of
identity, a shared understanding, shared norms,
shared values, trust, cooperation, and reciprocity

7. WHY SOCIAL ENTERPRISES?
 Most of the social enterprises in India are
very young because 57% of SE are below five
years old and according to survey there are
2 millions SE are currently operating in to
different domains in India, 39% of
Government policies relevant to SE and E
among 26% policies framed by MSME and
remaining by Ministry of Finance(National
Skill Entrepreneurship Policy 2015). (British
council report 2016).

8. SE STATISTICS IN INDIA
 Maharashtra, West India (16%) followed by
Karnataka, South India (15%). Delhi and
Telangana each accounted for 8% of the
responses followed by Uttar Pradesh (7%),
West Bengal (7%), Tamil Nadu (5%), Gujarat
(5%), Bihar (4%), Odisha (4%), and Rajasthan
(4%). The remaining 15% of the responses were
spread across 12 states.
 The social enterprises address many issues (
Creating Employment, Improving health,
protecting environment, addressing social
exclusion, supporting agriculture and allied
activities, empowering women, promoting
education and addressing Financial inclusion)

9.  29.5% of India’s Population living below poverty line
33% of population without electricity in rural areas
compared 6% in urban Areas, 16% of schools without
functional girls toilet. 50 % employment in agriculture
accounts only 14%of India GDP and 31% underweight
children's under five years old, India is with 356 million
young people also home to the world’s largest youth
population. India receiving global global philanthropic
money as per new companies act 2013 company spend
nearly 2% of profit as CSR(SWISSNEX Report 2013)
social enterprises also supporting to achieve sustainable
development goals (Indian social enterprise Landscape
study report 2018).

10. WHO PROMOTES SE IN INDIA ?
 Intellecap, Villgro, Ashoka Deshpande Foundation Dasra,
UnLtd, Shujog, Germany’s GIZ, the Asian Development Bank,
the British Council, and Okapi have contributed significantly
to the understanding and promoting of social enterprise in
India these SE companies are registered as private limited
companies, partnerships, and sole ventures. The above
enterprises are supporting SE like access to funding,
mentoring, conducting workshops and training, refining
business models and Grassroots innovations, providing
research support and Impact investment. The impact
investors are provide fund in multi stages like Seed
Funding(INR15 to l cr) Early stage funding(INR 1to 6.75cr)
Growth stage Funding( above INR 6.75cr) year 2014 70% of
impact investment in India concentrated on Micro finance and
financial inclusions programmes. As per world Bank
report(2015) The crowd funding and Philanthropy plays a vital
role in booming of SE.

11. HOW SOCIAL ENTERPRISES DIFFER FROM AND
NGO’S
 NGO’s main funding is charity and donations ,its
interests on alleviating immediate sufferings than deep
social changes, redistributing income from have to
have-nots, charity is not sustainable solution it just a
donar funding like income redistribution
 SE founded through business model, its improves
social conditions, sustainable solutions, social
entrepreneurship is not short-lived, social
innovation.(Acs, Zoltan J.2010)

12. SOCIAL ENTERPRISE ECOSYSTEM IN INDIA
 Ecosystem includes Incubators, Accelerators, c0-working
and Market- space, and policy makers.
 As per Indian social enterprise landscape survey2018
majority of social enterprise ecosystem in India based on
urban locations, mostly metros, to leverage better
infrastructure, ease sourcing social enterprises, and provide
access to other networks for funding and business
development activities. However, with an increasing number
of enterprises emerging from Tier II and Tier III cities and
towns, enablers are expanding their services farther from
the metros.

13.  According to NASSCOM report 190 active
business incubators and accelerators in the
country(90 established in academic institutions,
100 incorporate , government and private
entities.) 40% located in Bengaluru and
Mumabi, these incubators are adopted different
models, the government also made many
policies like Start-up India, Scheme to support
MSME, Technolog Incubation and development
of Entrepreneurs. Mahindra & Mahindra Financial
Solutions funded SustainEarth (INR 2 million/€
25,000) and FlyBird (INR 5 million/€ 62,500)

14. DIFFERENT DOMAINS OF SOCIAL
ENTERPRISES
Social
Enterprise
Sectors
Affordable
Housing
Education
Skill
Development
Forestry and
Environment
Water and
Sanitation
Food and
Nutrition
Non-Farm
Livelihood
Healthcare
Energy and
Clean
Technology
Agriculture,
Fisheries and
Dairy
Tourism

15. SE IN AGRICULTURE DOMAIN
 Farmers in developing countries face tough challenges to
their productivity, growth, and sustainability—including lack
of access to affordable financial products, limited knowledge
of high-quality inputs, low usage of technology and market
data, and poor market links across the value chain. social
enterprises are implementing innovative solutions in the
agriculture sector to serve them. Social enterprises are
defined as private for-profit, nonprofits, or hybrid
organizations that use business methods to advance their
social mission. In the case of agriculture, social enterprises
often address a particular pain point in the value chain, with
the intention that the cost of their services or products will be
recuperated by the benefits and income gains that farmers
will achieve.

16.  There are 230 agriculture social enterprises are
operating India like, 31%-post harvest, 22%- Market
linkages, 18%-cross-cutting, 15%-pre harvest, 11%-
Harvest,3%- poultry and dairy sectors.(Ministry of
Agriculture)
 Krishi Unnati Yojana , National Agriculture market
and state/ UT Agriculture Produce and Livestock
marketing act, Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana,
Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme
making policies in SE in AG sector.

17. SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AND INCUBATORS
Social Enterprises
Villgro Foundation, IIT Madras,
Deshpande foundation, UnLtd.
Dasara, Gross Roots Business
Fund, Aavishkar, Stratup –
India Be fund India, Ashoka
India
Agrosaw, Dhaanya Seeds, Skymet ,One Ulink
Organics, Siri Flybird Innovations, Vdrone Agro
Eruvaka, Technologies, Chasing Sun, Alma
Nourisher,the Green Salute, Amul, Milk
Mantra, Cowbos desi, team desiMilk. Kisan
raja, Agro star,Digital green Akasha Gange
etc..

18. SE MODELS IN AGRICULTURE
Accessing
Finance
• Non-Bank service
providers
• Financial
Intermediaries
• Indexed Based Micro
Insurance
Improving
productivity
• ICT Extension
• Non-ICT Extension
• Productivity
Enhancement
Increasing Post
harvest value
• Post Harvest Service
providers
• Storage Solutions
Creating Value
Chain and
market Linkages
• Direct-from-Farm
Market Models
• Multi-stakeholder
Platforms

19. THANKS