Outdoor air pollution is projected to lead to global economic costs of 1% of global GDP by 2060 due to increased health expenditures and lost productivity. Funds that could help eliminate poverty are instead being used to prevent air pollution, especially in urban areas, depriving remote and tribal communities. Air pollution kills over 3 million people per year worldwide and causes health issues like asthma and heart disease, costing societies large amounts to treat. A 2012 study estimated the value of statistical human lives lost to environmental health and transport policies.