This document discusses standard of care and research billing compliance. It defines standard of care and identifies the importance of distinguishing between customary clinical care that can be billed to insurers versus care only done for research purposes. It outlines five common billing errors called "the deadly five" and stresses the importance of a thorough coverage analysis to determine what is billable versus research-related. It also discusses how sponsors use the term "standard of care" and the need for sites to understand billing compliance to receive accurate budgets and avoid improper billing.