The document discusses four main loops that make up HVAC systems: the airside loop, which conditions and circulates air; the chilled water loop, which cools water for use in cooling coils; the refrigeration loop, which provides chilled water to the chilled water loop; and the heat rejection loop, which removes heat from the refrigeration loop, typically using a cooling tower or dry cooler. Each loop contains key components like fans, pumps, cooling coils, compressors, and heat exchangers, and they work together to provide thermal comfort inside buildings.
This insulation material have speciality to obserb sound and control Temperature.
This PPT also includes Installation process and specification of Quiet batt30°
The Ottoman Empire was a transcontinental empire that controlled Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th-early 20th centuries. It was founded in northwestern Anatolia by Osman I in the late 13th century. The Ottomans conquered the Balkans and ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 capture of Constantinople. In the 15th-16th centuries the Ottoman Empire expanded significantly under sultans like Mehmed II and Selim I, reaching the peak of its territorial control. However, in the 16th century it began facing challenges from European powers and a period of stagnation followed, though it remained a major power in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean.
This document outlines the basic and modifying elements of architecture that contribute to defining spaces. The basic elements include defined areas, platforms, pits, markers, focuses, barriers, roofs, supports, paths, and openings. Modifying elements that alter the experience of these spaces include light, color, temperature, ventilation, sound, smell, texture, scale, and time. Together, the basic architectural structures and how they are modified create varied places with unique atmospheres defined by both physical and sensory qualities.
This document provides information on hotel star ratings and categories. It begins by defining hotels and explaining the star-based classification system used since the 1950s. It then describes the amenities and services typical of 1 to 5 star hotels. Additional hotel categories discussed include hotels classified by size, location targeting urban, beach or ski destinations, clientele such as business or family travelers, and themes like spa or wine hotels. Criteria for 5 star luxury hotels emphasize high levels of personalized service, amenities, dining options and in-room comforts.
Architectural acoustics involves designing buildings to control noise and achieve good speech intelligibility or enhance music quality. Site planning techniques like increasing distance from noise sources, using noise barriers, and orienting buildings away from highways can reduce noise impacts on residential developments. Architectural design features like single-story homes, courtyards, and placing less sensitive rooms nearest noise sources can also reduce interior noise levels. Effective noise barriers include earth berms, walls, fences, and dense plantings which block the line of sight between noise sources and receivers.
Problems faced by building by moisture or precipitation.pptxKashif390970
Moisture problems occur when excess moisture accumulates or becomes trapped in a part of a building that should be dry. They can happen in just about any building, new or old, and usually occur because of design oversights, construction errors or improper maintenance.
The document describes different classifications and criteria for hotels based on star ratings and other factors. It discusses the amenities and standards associated with 1 to 5 star hotels. Additional classifications covered include hotels categorized by location (such as urban, beach resorts, ski hotels) clientele (business, family, adults-only) and themes (gastro, spa, wine). Criteria for 5 star hotels are outlined in detail, including expectations for high-end service, in-room amenities, and guest comfort.
The document discusses four main loops that make up HVAC systems: the airside loop, which conditions and circulates air; the chilled water loop, which cools water for use in cooling coils; the refrigeration loop, which provides chilled water to the chilled water loop; and the heat rejection loop, which removes heat from the refrigeration loop, typically using a cooling tower or dry cooler. Each loop contains key components like fans, pumps, cooling coils, compressors, and heat exchangers, and they work together to provide thermal comfort inside buildings.
This insulation material have speciality to obserb sound and control Temperature.
This PPT also includes Installation process and specification of Quiet batt30°
The Ottoman Empire was a transcontinental empire that controlled Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th-early 20th centuries. It was founded in northwestern Anatolia by Osman I in the late 13th century. The Ottomans conquered the Balkans and ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 capture of Constantinople. In the 15th-16th centuries the Ottoman Empire expanded significantly under sultans like Mehmed II and Selim I, reaching the peak of its territorial control. However, in the 16th century it began facing challenges from European powers and a period of stagnation followed, though it remained a major power in Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean.
This document outlines the basic and modifying elements of architecture that contribute to defining spaces. The basic elements include defined areas, platforms, pits, markers, focuses, barriers, roofs, supports, paths, and openings. Modifying elements that alter the experience of these spaces include light, color, temperature, ventilation, sound, smell, texture, scale, and time. Together, the basic architectural structures and how they are modified create varied places with unique atmospheres defined by both physical and sensory qualities.
This document provides information on hotel star ratings and categories. It begins by defining hotels and explaining the star-based classification system used since the 1950s. It then describes the amenities and services typical of 1 to 5 star hotels. Additional hotel categories discussed include hotels classified by size, location targeting urban, beach or ski destinations, clientele such as business or family travelers, and themes like spa or wine hotels. Criteria for 5 star luxury hotels emphasize high levels of personalized service, amenities, dining options and in-room comforts.
Architectural acoustics involves designing buildings to control noise and achieve good speech intelligibility or enhance music quality. Site planning techniques like increasing distance from noise sources, using noise barriers, and orienting buildings away from highways can reduce noise impacts on residential developments. Architectural design features like single-story homes, courtyards, and placing less sensitive rooms nearest noise sources can also reduce interior noise levels. Effective noise barriers include earth berms, walls, fences, and dense plantings which block the line of sight between noise sources and receivers.
Problems faced by building by moisture or precipitation.pptxKashif390970
Moisture problems occur when excess moisture accumulates or becomes trapped in a part of a building that should be dry. They can happen in just about any building, new or old, and usually occur because of design oversights, construction errors or improper maintenance.
The document describes different classifications and criteria for hotels based on star ratings and other factors. It discusses the amenities and standards associated with 1 to 5 star hotels. Additional classifications covered include hotels categorized by location (such as urban, beach resorts, ski hotels) clientele (business, family, adults-only) and themes (gastro, spa, wine). Criteria for 5 star hotels are outlined in detail, including expectations for high-end service, in-room amenities, and guest comfort.
This document discusses passive design strategies for climate responsive architecture in Pakistan. It outlines four main strategies: 1) Cross ventilation which uses windows on opposite sides of a building to create air flow; 2) Rainwater harvesting which collects rainwater from roofs for reuse; 3) Wind towers which create cross ventilation and passive cooling; and 4) Shading devices like awnings and fins which provide shade and reduce solar heat gain. The design aims to utilize local climate data and account for factors like weather patterns, sun exposure, wind, and humidity.
The document discusses several case studies of sustainable and climate responsive architecture projects:
1) The New Artist Residency in Senegal by Toshiko Mori uses local materials like bamboo and compressed earth blocks and is designed for natural ventilation and rainwater collection.
2) The Friendship Center in Bangladesh by Kashif Mahboob Chowdhury relies on local brick construction, green roofs, and passive design for cooling to respond to the local climate.
3) Park Royal Collection Pickering in Singapore, designed by WOHA, features extensive green walls and sky gardens to bring nature indoors and reduce energy usage.
The Kendeda Building for Innovative Sustainable Design in Atlanta, Georgia was created to foster environmental education, research, and community outreach. It uses solar power and rainwater collection and treatment to be fully self-sufficient for energy and water. Waste is also managed on site through composting toilets and high recycling rates during construction.
TIDAL Park Chennai is an information technology park located in Chennai, India. It was established in 2000 as one of the largest IT parks in Asia by TIDEL Park Ltd, a joint venture between TIDCO and ELCOT. The purpose of TIDAL Park Chennai is to promote the growth of the IT industry in the state of Tamil Nadu.
Pirak is an archaeological site in Balochistan, Pakistan dating to between 1800 BCE and 800 BCE. It was first excavated between 1968-1974, uncovering three periods of occupation. The earliest evidence of domesticated horses in South Asia was found at Pirak. Artifacts included pottery, figurines, seals, and early iron objects. Agriculture was important, with crops like rice, barley, sorghum, and grapes cultivated using irrigation canals. The Balochistan government is taking steps to protect and renovate heritage sites in the province.
The document describes two rainwater harvesting projects using Atlantis/RainXchange systems. The first was in Kuve Village, Ghana where a system was installed to provide clean drinking water for a school. It included an 8,000 gallon reservoir built from 240 modular tanks to collect and store water from the school's new metal roof. The second was at Redeemer Baptist School in Australia where an existing 60,000 liter underground tank was used to harvest rainwater from three buildings to irrigate sports fields.
The document discusses various factors that influence the selection of building materials, including climate, economics, and the wide variety of performance requirements for different building and installation types. It then focuses on surface finishes, selection criteria for wall and floor finishes, and the physical and mechanical properties considered for building materials. Specific materials discussed in more detail include clay, stones, wood, and their various products and applications in construction.
The Willis Tower in Chicago is a 108-story skyscraper that was the tallest building in the world when completed in 1974. It was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill with Fazlur Rahman Khan and Bruce Graham. The tower uses a structural system of prefabricated steel joined with bolts on site. It has a glass curtain wall that helps regulate temperature and control the expansion and contraction of the building's frame.
This document discusses passive design strategies for climate responsive architecture in Pakistan. It outlines four main strategies: 1) Cross ventilation which uses windows on opposite sides of a building to create air flow; 2) Rainwater harvesting which collects rainwater from roofs for reuse; 3) Wind towers which create cross ventilation and passive cooling; and 4) Shading devices like awnings and fins which provide shade and reduce solar heat gain. The design aims to utilize local climate data and account for factors like weather patterns, sun exposure, wind, and humidity.
The document discusses several case studies of sustainable and climate responsive architecture projects:
1) The New Artist Residency in Senegal by Toshiko Mori uses local materials like bamboo and compressed earth blocks and is designed for natural ventilation and rainwater collection.
2) The Friendship Center in Bangladesh by Kashif Mahboob Chowdhury relies on local brick construction, green roofs, and passive design for cooling to respond to the local climate.
3) Park Royal Collection Pickering in Singapore, designed by WOHA, features extensive green walls and sky gardens to bring nature indoors and reduce energy usage.
The Kendeda Building for Innovative Sustainable Design in Atlanta, Georgia was created to foster environmental education, research, and community outreach. It uses solar power and rainwater collection and treatment to be fully self-sufficient for energy and water. Waste is also managed on site through composting toilets and high recycling rates during construction.
TIDAL Park Chennai is an information technology park located in Chennai, India. It was established in 2000 as one of the largest IT parks in Asia by TIDEL Park Ltd, a joint venture between TIDCO and ELCOT. The purpose of TIDAL Park Chennai is to promote the growth of the IT industry in the state of Tamil Nadu.
Pirak is an archaeological site in Balochistan, Pakistan dating to between 1800 BCE and 800 BCE. It was first excavated between 1968-1974, uncovering three periods of occupation. The earliest evidence of domesticated horses in South Asia was found at Pirak. Artifacts included pottery, figurines, seals, and early iron objects. Agriculture was important, with crops like rice, barley, sorghum, and grapes cultivated using irrigation canals. The Balochistan government is taking steps to protect and renovate heritage sites in the province.
The document describes two rainwater harvesting projects using Atlantis/RainXchange systems. The first was in Kuve Village, Ghana where a system was installed to provide clean drinking water for a school. It included an 8,000 gallon reservoir built from 240 modular tanks to collect and store water from the school's new metal roof. The second was at Redeemer Baptist School in Australia where an existing 60,000 liter underground tank was used to harvest rainwater from three buildings to irrigate sports fields.
The document discusses various factors that influence the selection of building materials, including climate, economics, and the wide variety of performance requirements for different building and installation types. It then focuses on surface finishes, selection criteria for wall and floor finishes, and the physical and mechanical properties considered for building materials. Specific materials discussed in more detail include clay, stones, wood, and their various products and applications in construction.
The Willis Tower in Chicago is a 108-story skyscraper that was the tallest building in the world when completed in 1974. It was designed by Skidmore, Owings and Merrill with Fazlur Rahman Khan and Bruce Graham. The tower uses a structural system of prefabricated steel joined with bolts on site. It has a glass curtain wall that helps regulate temperature and control the expansion and contraction of the building's frame.