Simple future and be going to

1. [Metni yazın]
1
1900
SIMPLE FUTURE
AND
BE GOING TO
IN TURKISH
Yüksel Göknel

2. THE SIMPLE FUTURE AND BE GOING TO IN TURHISH
2
THE SIMPLE FUTURE AND BE GOING TO
Gelecek Zaman
The two different English time concepts above are expressed in [ecek,
acak] time allomorphs in Turkish. The personal allomorphs follow these
two time allomorphs as usual, such as:
(ben) ♫ [im, ım]; (sen) ♫ [sin, sın]; (o) [Ø]; (biz) ♫ [iz, ız]; (siz) ♫ [siniz,
sınız]; (onlar) [Ø] or ♫ [ler, lar] in Turkish.
The same concepts can also be expressed in The Present Continuous
Tense (Şimdiki Zaman), as well. Consider the following.
Positive:
Yeni bir araba satın al-acak-ız.
(ye*ni / bir / a*ra*ba / sa*tın / a*la*ca*ğız)
We will by a new car. We are going to buy a new car.
.
Bir gün ben-i anla-/y/acak-sın.
(bir / gün / be*ni / an*la*ya*cak*sın)
You will understand me some day.
(The /y/ glide is inserted between the successive /a/ vowels.)
Param ol-unca sana yardım et-er-im.
(pa*ram / o*lun*ca ~/ sa*na / yar*dım / e*de*rim)
I will help you when I have enough money.
(The /t/ consonant changes into the voiced /d/.) (Promise.)
Param ol-unca sana yardım et-ecek-im.
(pa*ram / o*lun*ca ~/ sa*na / yar*dım / e*de*ce*ğim)
I will certainly help you when I have enough money. (Strong promise.)
The underlined /t/ and /k/ unvoiced consonants above change into the
voiced /d/ and /ğ/ consonants respectively.
Bazı hayvanlar bir gün yok ol-acak. (Liaison.)
(ba:*zı / hay*van*lar / bir / gün / yo*ko*la*cak)
Some animalswill be extinct some day.
(Kapı-/y/ı) ben aç-ar-ım. (Liaison.)
(ka*pı*yı / be*na*ça*rım)
I’ll open (the door).
(One can use this form as soon as one hears the doorbell.)

3. THE SIMPLE FUTURE AND BE GOING TO IN TURHISH
3
(Telefon-a) ben cevap ver-ir-im.
(te*le*fo*na / ben / ce*vap / ve*ri*rim)
I’ll answer (the phone).
(This expression is used as soon as one hears the telephone ring.)
Mr. Brown yarın üniversite-de bir konferans ver-ecek. (ve*re*cek)
Mr. Brown is going to give a lecture at the university tomorrow.
Negative:
The negation allomorphs of this tense are ♫ [me] or [ma], which are followed
by ♫ [ecek] or [acak] allomorphs. When "me-/y/ecek" or "ma-/y/acak"
allomorphs follow one another, the successive /e/ or /a/ vowels are linked by
the /y/ glides to maintain the harmonious link between these vowels:
Toplantı-/y/a git-me-/y/ecek-im.
(top*lan*tı*ya / git*me*ye*ce*ğim), or impolitely, (git*miy*cem)
I won’t go to the meeting. (Refusal)
The /y/ glide is inserted between the successive /e/ vowels, and the un-
voiced consonant /k/ changes into the voiced form /ğ/.
Onlar-ın teklif-i-/n/i kabul et-me-/y/ecek-iz.
(on*la*rın / tek*li:*fi*ni / ka*bûl / et*me*ye*ce*ğiz)
We won’t accept their proposal.
(The /n/ and /y/ are the glides inserted between the successive /i/ and /e/
vowels. The /k/ unvoiced consonant in “ecek” changes into the voiced /ğ/.)
Yağmur yağ-ma-/y/acak.
(yağ*mur / yağ*ma*ya*cak)
It is not going to rain.
(The /y/ glide is inserted between the successive /a/ vowels.)
Positive question:
In positive questions, “mi-/y/im”, “mi-sin”, “mi”, “mi-/y/iz”, “mi-siniz”,
“(ler)mi” or their allomorphs are separately used:
Bu mektuplar-ı daktilo et-ecek mi-sin?
(bu / mek*tup*la*rı / dak*ti*lo / e*de*cek↝ / mi*sin)
Are you going to type these letters?
Yarın git-ecek mi-sin?, or “Yarın git-iyor mu-sun?”
(ya*rın / gi*de*cek / mi*sin ) (ya*rın / gi*di*yor / mu*sun)
Are you leaving tomorrow?

4. THE SIMPLE FUTURE AND BE GOING TO IN TURHISH
4
Biz-i ziyaret et-ecek-ler mi?
(on*lar / bi*zi / zi*ya:*ret / e*de*cek*ler / mi )
Are they going to visit us?
In polite requests, geniş zaman (The Simple Present Tense) is used in
Turkish in place of The Simple Future Tense (will) of the English language:
Bu mektuplar-ı ben-im için lütfen daktilo et-er mi-sin?
(bu / mek*tup*la*rı / be*nim / i*çin / lüt*fen / dak*ti*lo / e*der / mi*sin )
Will you please type these letters for me? (Polite request)
Lutfen ben-im için bir fincan kahve yap-ar mı-sın?
(lüt*fen / be*nim / i*çin / bir / fin*can / kah*ve / ya*par / mı*sın )
Will you please make a cup of coffee for me? (Polite request)
Negative question:
In the negative question form, ♫ [me] or [ma] negation allomorphs follow the
verb roots, stems or frames:
Biz-im-le gel-me-/y/ecek mi-sin?
(bi*zim*le / gel*me*ye*cek / mi*sin)
Won’t you come with us?
(The /y/ glide links the successive /e/ vowels.)
When the question words are involved, “mi-/y/im”, “mi-sin”, etc. are not
used:
Saat kaç-ta ev-e dön-ecek-sin?
(sa*at / kaç*ta ↝/ e*ve / dö*ne*cek*sin↝ )
What time will you come back home?
Yarın nere-/y/e git-iyor-sun?
(ya*rın / ne↝ re*ye / gi*di*yor*sun ↝)
Where are you going tomorrow? (The /t/ changes into /d/.)
Yarın hava nasıl ol-acak?
(ya*rın / ha*va / na ↝ sıl / o*la*cak↝ )
What is the weather going to be like tomorrow?
Soru-um-a kim cevap ver-ecek?
(so*ru*ma / kim ↝/ ce*vap / ve*re*cek↝ )
Who is going to answer my question?

5. THE SIMPLE FUTURE AND BE GOING TO IN TURHISH
5
Soru-um-a sen mi cevap ver-ecek-sin?
(so*ru*ma / sen ↝/ mi / ce*vap / ve*re*cek*sin)
Are you going to answer my question?
(If this question is asked with a rising (↝) intonation, it becomes sarcastic.)
Toplantı-/y/ı nere-de yap-acak.lar?
(top*lan*tı*yı / ne↝*re*de / ya*pa*cak*lar↝ )
Where are they going to hold the meeting?
Bu kim-in kitap-ı?
(bu / ki*min ↝/ ki*ta*bı↝)
Whose book is this? (The /p/ changes into /b/)
Size nasıl yardım et-ebil-ir-im?
(si*ze / na↝*sıl / yar*dım / e*de*bi*li*rim↝ )
How can I help you?
(The /t/ changes into /d/ and all the single underlined consonants detach
from their syllables and attach to the first vowels of the following morphemes.)