A study of impact of merchandise variety and assostment on shopping experienc...IAEME Publication
This study examines the impact of merchandise variety and assortment on customer shopping experience in convenience stores in India. The study was conducted in Pune, India in October 2012 with 159 respondents. Survey data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical tests like Cronbach's alpha and chi-square were used. The study aims to determine if availability of products, fresh fruits and vegetables, national brands, and ability to get all needed products impacts customer satisfaction and experience. It also examines if satisfaction leads to positive store image and recommendations. The findings will help retailers understand how to improve the shopping experience through merchandise selection and availability.
Discovering service quality in retail grocery stores: A case study of Delhideshwal852
Purpose of the research: With the given backdrop it was decided to inquire about the service quality offered in organized retail grocery stores. The customers who visit the grocery stores with so much expectation; are they really satisfied with the service quality delivered tothem. This paper is an attempt to compare the service quality offered in different organized retail grocery stores. Research Methodology: Primary data has been collected by a sample survey of customers shopping at various grocery stores located at Delhi using convenient sampling technique. A sample of 300
respondents was approached. These respondents are from different categories of organized retail stores as Hypermarket, Supermarket and Convenience Stores. For the purpose of collecting the required data, the questionnaire method was used. A standardized questionnaire was used to solicit information on customers. To collect the primary data Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) developed by Dabohlkeret.
al. (1996) was used. The Retail Service Quality Scale have “Physical Aspects”, “Reliability”, “Personal Interaction”, “Problem-Solving” and “Policy Making” as five different dimensions to measure service
quality offered by retail stores. Data was interpreted by applying two ways ANOVA. Implications: The research will be helpful to gain an understanding of the whole scenario of service quality offered. It will also provide an insight to find the gap between the satisfaction levels of the customers with respect to different types of stores due to service quality.
A Comparison of customer satisfaction between hyper stores and convenience St...deshwal852
This study compares customer satisfaction levels between hyper stores and convenience stores in India. A survey was administered to 100 customers who shop at these stores. Results found that customers reported higher satisfaction levels at hyper stores, which offer a wide range of products under one roof, compared to convenience stores, which are smaller and offer limited products. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in satisfaction levels between the two store types, with hyper stores performing better. The study concludes that customers are generally more satisfied with the service quality provided at hyper stores in India.
The study was been conceptualized to study the effect of retail service quality on the consumer decision making process for a brand selection. Therefore, to create a distinct position in the marketplace, retailers are focusing on retail service quality that gives a competitive advantage to the company. Exploratory factor analysis was run to understand the retail service quality factors in fashion retail market with relevance to the brand, Moustache. Six components were extracted through Varimax method and rotated component matrix, namely store presentation/display, convenient facilities, problem solving, temperature, store layout and personal interaction. For regression analysis, the hypothesis developed for the research were perceptual service quality of the fashion retail store influences the perceptual quality of the brand and different dimensions of retail service quality influences significantly the perceptual quality of the brand. Significant relationship between perceptual quality of the retail store and perceptual quality of the brand has been established. Cluster analysis was done first by hierarchical method to deduce number of clusters which can be formed, and then the data was further processed through Ward Method in K-Means Cluster Method. Four differentiating segments were concluded with discrete characteristics. The study also attempted to understand the influence of three factors, store outlet/format, assistance and exclusive range, on customer preference. Utility of all the eight options was calculated through conjoint analysis according to the preferences of the customers.
Analysis Factor of Customer’s Decision in Choosing an Indonesian Restaurant f...IJSRED
This document analyzes factors that influence customers' decisions in choosing an Indonesian restaurant in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan based on service quality. A survey was conducted with 100 Indonesian migrant workers. 20 variables relating to service quality were measured using factor analysis. The analysis identified 3 key factors that influence decisions: social communication between employees and customers, the restaurant environment, and guarantees of product quality and service. Social communication, such as friendly employee interactions, had the strongest influence on purchase decisions. This was followed by the atmosphere in the restaurant and assurances of halal food and quality service.
A Study on Retailer’s Perception on Soya Products with Special Reference to T...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The document discusses a study on consumers' perceived value and buying behavior of store brands. It aims to provide an understanding of how consumers in Indonesia perceive store brand values and how this influences their buying behavior. The study uses various data analysis methods, including factor analysis and multiple linear regression, to analyze survey responses from 300 grocery shoppers in Jakarta. The findings show that consumers' perceived value contributes positively to their perceptions of store brands. Those with more knowledge and experience purchasing store brands have more positive perceptions, increasing the likelihood they will repurchase store brand products in the future. Demographic factors like income are also found to influence consumers' willingness to buy store brands over national brands.
A study of impact of merchandise variety and assostment on shopping experienc...IAEME Publication
This study examines the impact of merchandise variety and assortment on customer shopping experience in convenience stores in India. The study was conducted in Pune, India in October 2012 with 159 respondents. Survey data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical tests like Cronbach's alpha and chi-square were used. The study aims to determine if availability of products, fresh fruits and vegetables, national brands, and ability to get all needed products impacts customer satisfaction and experience. It also examines if satisfaction leads to positive store image and recommendations. The findings will help retailers understand how to improve the shopping experience through merchandise selection and availability.
Discovering service quality in retail grocery stores: A case study of Delhideshwal852
Purpose of the research: With the given backdrop it was decided to inquire about the service quality offered in organized retail grocery stores. The customers who visit the grocery stores with so much expectation; are they really satisfied with the service quality delivered tothem. This paper is an attempt to compare the service quality offered in different organized retail grocery stores. Research Methodology: Primary data has been collected by a sample survey of customers shopping at various grocery stores located at Delhi using convenient sampling technique. A sample of 300
respondents was approached. These respondents are from different categories of organized retail stores as Hypermarket, Supermarket and Convenience Stores. For the purpose of collecting the required data, the questionnaire method was used. A standardized questionnaire was used to solicit information on customers. To collect the primary data Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) developed by Dabohlkeret.
al. (1996) was used. The Retail Service Quality Scale have “Physical Aspects”, “Reliability”, “Personal Interaction”, “Problem-Solving” and “Policy Making” as five different dimensions to measure service
quality offered by retail stores. Data was interpreted by applying two ways ANOVA. Implications: The research will be helpful to gain an understanding of the whole scenario of service quality offered. It will also provide an insight to find the gap between the satisfaction levels of the customers with respect to different types of stores due to service quality.
A Comparison of customer satisfaction between hyper stores and convenience St...deshwal852
This study compares customer satisfaction levels between hyper stores and convenience stores in India. A survey was administered to 100 customers who shop at these stores. Results found that customers reported higher satisfaction levels at hyper stores, which offer a wide range of products under one roof, compared to convenience stores, which are smaller and offer limited products. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in satisfaction levels between the two store types, with hyper stores performing better. The study concludes that customers are generally more satisfied with the service quality provided at hyper stores in India.
The study was been conceptualized to study the effect of retail service quality on the consumer decision making process for a brand selection. Therefore, to create a distinct position in the marketplace, retailers are focusing on retail service quality that gives a competitive advantage to the company. Exploratory factor analysis was run to understand the retail service quality factors in fashion retail market with relevance to the brand, Moustache. Six components were extracted through Varimax method and rotated component matrix, namely store presentation/display, convenient facilities, problem solving, temperature, store layout and personal interaction. For regression analysis, the hypothesis developed for the research were perceptual service quality of the fashion retail store influences the perceptual quality of the brand and different dimensions of retail service quality influences significantly the perceptual quality of the brand. Significant relationship between perceptual quality of the retail store and perceptual quality of the brand has been established. Cluster analysis was done first by hierarchical method to deduce number of clusters which can be formed, and then the data was further processed through Ward Method in K-Means Cluster Method. Four differentiating segments were concluded with discrete characteristics. The study also attempted to understand the influence of three factors, store outlet/format, assistance and exclusive range, on customer preference. Utility of all the eight options was calculated through conjoint analysis according to the preferences of the customers.
Analysis Factor of Customer’s Decision in Choosing an Indonesian Restaurant f...IJSRED
This document analyzes factors that influence customers' decisions in choosing an Indonesian restaurant in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan based on service quality. A survey was conducted with 100 Indonesian migrant workers. 20 variables relating to service quality were measured using factor analysis. The analysis identified 3 key factors that influence decisions: social communication between employees and customers, the restaurant environment, and guarantees of product quality and service. Social communication, such as friendly employee interactions, had the strongest influence on purchase decisions. This was followed by the atmosphere in the restaurant and assurances of halal food and quality service.
A Study on Retailer’s Perception on Soya Products with Special Reference to T...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of business and managemant and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications inbusiness and management. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
The document discusses a study on consumers' perceived value and buying behavior of store brands. It aims to provide an understanding of how consumers in Indonesia perceive store brand values and how this influences their buying behavior. The study uses various data analysis methods, including factor analysis and multiple linear regression, to analyze survey responses from 300 grocery shoppers in Jakarta. The findings show that consumers' perceived value contributes positively to their perceptions of store brands. Those with more knowledge and experience purchasing store brands have more positive perceptions, increasing the likelihood they will repurchase store brand products in the future. Demographic factors like income are also found to influence consumers' willingness to buy store brands over national brands.
1) The document discusses impulse buying behavior in retail stores, specifically focusing on how sensory cues can trigger impulse purchases.
2) It notes that impulse buying has become more common and socially acceptable as shopping has become more of a leisure activity. While impulse decisions are often made in stores, the impact of in-store stimuli is not fully understood.
3) The document seeks to examine what triggers impulse buying and how sensory marketing can aid this behavior by influencing consumers unconsciously and positively affecting their preferences and brand perceptions.
An Evaluation of the Effect of Consumer Characteristics on Retail Format Patr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Consumer is prime factor in retailing. A customer
can adapt various buying roles like initiator, influencer,
decider, buyer, preparer, maintainer and disposer in
purchasing and using the products. Buying behavior helps
marketers learn the intensity and degree of involvement of
customers in purchasing the products. Studies that link
customer service to factors such as demographic,
psychographic characteristics and store format choice are
rather limited and under studied despite the fact of the
discovery that individual characteristics of consumers
influence their shopping behavior. Despite its importance
and its contribution toward better understanding of
consumer purchasing behavior, there is still lack of research
in this area especially in the retail sector. In validating the
measurements and investigating 650 questionnaires were
filled by shoppers. The research concluded with a
discussion on management implications as well as
recommendations that suppliers should supply the good
in shopping malls through considering their demographic
and psychographic responses.
A project report on effect of consumer behaviour on the purchase of refrigera...Projects Kart
This document provides an overview of a term project studying the effect of consumer behaviour on the purchase of refrigerators. It includes an introduction to consumer behaviour and factors influencing purchase decisions. The study focuses on males aged 30-40 who are working professionals and married. Key external factors identified are demographic details, media habits, culture, family, social class, and reference groups. Marketing implications include focusing on product features, value, availability, and promotion targeting homemakers as influencers.
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of digital marketing communication on consumer buying behavior. The study analyzed features related to buying behavior of digital shoppers using socio-economic variables. It found that assessment of consumer buying behavior can help understand digital shopping behavior. The study surveyed 100 consumers in Maharashtra on factors influencing online purchases like convenience, time, price, security, influence, and ability to shop online. It found some differences between male and female preferences, with females more influenced by price and males by time savings. However, behaviors were largely similar between genders. The study concluded digital marketers should understand customer needs irrespective of gender to attract customers.
This document summarizes a research paper from the International Journal of Management that examines retailer brand awareness. The paper aims to understand the effect of demographic variables and brand awareness on consumer purchasing behavior. A survey was conducted with 500 respondents in Bangalore, India across various retail locations. The findings show that consumers are interested in knowing the manufacturer of retailer brand products. Consumers were also able to differentiate retailer brands from other brands. Statistical analysis found that demographic variables and brand awareness influence consumer buying behavior. The paper concludes that retailers launching private brands can tap new market opportunities by improving brand awareness through promotions.
PROJECT REPORT ON “CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR OF HUL WATER PURIFIER -PUREIT’S CUSTO...Gaurav Khandelwal
HUL is also known for its strong distribution network in India. In order to further strengthen its distribution, HUL launched a Project SAFE WATER ZONE in 2003 in Chennai. The idea behind this project was to protect lives to water borne disease such as typhoid, jaundice and diarrhea. In 2007 water division started national. Now it present in all states and already protected 15 million lives.
The report is prepared with an aim to provide an overview of project title “Consumer Behavior of HUL water purifier- Pureit’s customers in Jaipur.”
I have done survey, I collect all general information about an outlet, like type of channels, availability of water purifiers. And information about service and regarding supply, execution etc.
I also have done door to door survey. The survey was conducted with the help of questionnaire and personal views of respondents which would help us to measure and compare the brands from view of customer satisfaction.
This document provides an overview and outline of a project report on consumer preference and buying behaviour towards washing machines and refrigerators. It includes sections on the problem statement, scope and objectives of the study, research methodology employed, and proposed questionnaire. The research aims to understand the key factors influencing consumer purchases of these appliances and examine satisfaction levels. Primary data will be collected through a survey of 200 customers using an administered questionnaire.
This presentation is a summary of the project conducted in order to identify the viable market for restaurants delivering healthy meals online in Ireland.
Assessing Customer Satisfaction and Brand Awareness of Branded BreadIOSR Journals
The bread market is growing at about 5% per annum, according to the Ministry of Food Processing
Industries. 85% bread production is in the hands of the unorganized sector. With a lot of competition building
up to tap this potential market, the onus lies with the customer, who will turn to the brand which offers him
complete satisfaction. This paper studies the factors which lead to customer satisfaction and brand awareness,
by a random sampling of 100 customers in Cochin. The paper analyses customer satisfaction of a particular
bread brand – Elite Bread and attempts to find out how well known it is to the customers, compared to its
competitors. Limitations of the study and recommendations to improve customer satisfaction are put forth.
Kavya Gupta BBA 1st Sem of JIMSVKII has given a brief description of Retail Consumer Behavior in the slide share.
For More Query Call us on 09990474829, 011 61199191
Visit us at https://www.jimssouthdelhi.com/
Follow us on:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JIMSVASANTKUNJII/
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Blog: https://jimssouthdelhi.com/blog/
Linked In: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jims-vasant-kunj-38785a85/
Customer Acuity towards the Practice of Branded Toothpastes–An Analytical StudyDr. C.VIJAI
This document summarizes a research study on customer preferences for branded toothpastes in Chennai, India. The study used a sample of 300 customers and collected data through questionnaires. Key findings include:
- The most preferred toothpaste brand was Colgate, chosen by 70% of respondents.
- The top factor influencing toothpaste purchases was the product's anticavity properties.
- Over 70% of respondents had used their current toothpaste for 4 years or more, indicating brand loyalty.
- Age was found to have a relationship with brand preference, with different age groups showing tendencies towards different toothpaste brands.
The study provides insight into customer perceptions and buying behaviors related to branded toothpastes in India.
Customer satisfaction of super stores in bangladesh an explorative studyAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on identifying factors that influence customer satisfaction at super stores in Bangladesh. The study used a survey of 50 customers at 5 super stores in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Factor analysis was used to analyze the data and identify three key factors:
1. Products Factor - Related to quality, price, and variety of products.
2. Store Service Factor - Related to quality of store service and choice when shopping.
3. Customer Facilities Factor - Related to brand mix, credit card facilities, and store location.
The study found that products were the most important factor for customer satisfaction, followed by store service and then customer facilities. The results can help super store owners and managers
A study on consumer behavior of aavin milk in bhel townshipdagaashutosh
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior regarding the purchase of Aavin milk in Bhel Township, Trichy. The study had several objectives: to assess consumer satisfaction with Aavin milk, identify factors influencing milk consumption, assess consumer awareness of milk brands, and evaluate advertising effectiveness. A sample of 120 consumers was surveyed using an interview questionnaire. Key findings included that quality was the most important factor influencing brand loyalty, 60% of respondents preferred Aavin for its quality, and 45% of respondents were highly satisfied with Aavin. Suggestions included reducing Aavin's price to be more competitive and improving extra quality and sales promotion efforts.
Do Consumers Go by the Cover A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapurijtsrd
"“Packaging can be theater, it can create a story.†Said once Steve Jobs, legend in the concept of innovative and interactive design. The master who understood the pulse of the modern markets and created a history.Packaging is the first introduction of the product to the consumer. Packaging is also the first identity of the product. Packaging serves multiple purposes for the producer and also for the consumers. It is an important part of the middlemen’s handling comfort and transporters’ essential safety measure. In the competitive environment it is a tool of marketing in general and advertising in particular.A study conducted in selected bakeries of Kolhapur for understanding the Role of Packaging in determining, Consumer Buying Behavior of food products is presented in this paper. It is a general observation that the packaging for the products of frequent purchase are not given due importance by the manufacturer such as the products sold in the bakery. The general perception is that, consumers buy such products on daily basis and hence they are not likely to notice its packaging. The objective of this paper is to find out the effect of the packaging on consumers buying decisions in case of food products sold in bakeries. Is Packaging a factor affecting consumers choice of the food products sold in bakeries Consumers’ purchase decision is a hardly a spontaneous action, there is a series of psychological and behavioral elements affecting it, also the marketing and informational tactics are in the play. The final opportunity to influence consumer’s choice is through packaging. This important aspect is addressed in the paper. Dr. Vishakha Apte | Mr. Monish A. Motwani ""Do Consumers Go by the Cover? A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapur"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Fostering Innovation, Integration and Inclusion Through Interdisciplinary Practices in Management , March 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23077.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/mis-and-retail-management/23077/do-consumers-go-by-the-cover-a-survey-of-selected-bakeries-in-kolhapur/dr-vishakha-apte"
This document summarizes a study on store choice behavior of women consumers in Mumbai when purchasing groceries. The study found that:
1) Satisfaction levels of men and women were similar across factors like durability, size, after-sales service, and colors/shades when buying jeans.
2) Around 33% of people purchase jeans every 6 months in addition to other occasions.
3) Jeans are purchased more on average by customers under age 23.
Building Consumer Loyalty through Servicescape in Shopping MallsIOSR Journals
India is experiencing exponential growth in retail sector and Global Retail Development Index
consecutively ranked as one of the most promising retail destinations of the world. Due to this reason lot of
investments are happening in India and new players are entering the market. Shopping Mall being the latest
organized retail format entering the market witnessed huge popularity and consumer attention, luring mall
developers going all out to launch their projects. However the mushrooming growth of shopping malls has
posed lot of challenges. Recent studies have revealed that 45% of the malls in cities are vacant. Poor mall
management and poor tenant mix have resulted in poor mall traffic and low conversion rate. This paper
attempts to explore the possibility of building consumer loyalty through effective use of servicescape (physical
environment) in a shopping mall to attract and retain serious buyers. Study revealed that seven servicescape
dimensions considered i.e., ambient factor, aesthetic factor, layout, variety, cleanliness, signs, symbols &
artifacts, and social factor are all relevant in shopping mall context and capable of inducing significant
variations in consumer loyalty.
dissertation on buying behaviour of fmcg productsAdnan Ather
This document provides an executive summary of a research report on the buying behavior of consumers for FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) products in India. The summary includes:
1) An overview of the FMCG sector in India and comparisons between 2005 and 2006.
2) Details of the research methodology used in the report such as sample size, sampling region, and stratified random sampling.
3) Key factors analyzed in the report related to consumer income, socio-economics, age, and geography that influence buying behavior.
4) Conclusions and recommendations based on the analysis in the report.
A Comparative Study of Customer Satisfaction in Hyper Stores and Super Storesdeshwal852
The purpose of the present study was to compare the satisfaction level of customers purchasing products in hyper market stores and super market stores. A sample of fifty customers purchasing goods in Hyper Stores and Super Stores in Dwarka was selected for study. Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) developed by Dabholkar, Thrope and Rentz (1996) was used to measure customer satisfaction.
The data was interpreted with the help of mean, standard deviation and‘t’ test. The result of the study showed that there was significant difference between customer satisfaction in hyper stores and super stores. Customers feel more satisfied by shopping in hyper market.
A study of impact of merchandise variety and assostment on shopping experienc...IAEME Publication
This study examines the impact of merchandise variety and assortment on customer shopping experience in convenience stores in India. The study was conducted in Pune, India in October 2012 with 159 respondents. Survey data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical tests like Cronbach's alpha and chi-square were used. The study aims to determine if availability of products, fresh fruits and vegetables, national brands, and ability to find all needed products impacts customer satisfaction and experience. It also examines if satisfaction leads to positive store image and recommendations. The findings may help retailers understand how to improve assortments and customer experience.
The document summarizes a presentation on an online grocery delivery app called Grocify. It was presented by 4 students under the supervision of an assistant professor. The presentation included an introduction to Grocify and how it partners with local grocery stores, a literature review on previous research on online grocery shopping and mobile app adoption, the problem statement of decreasing sales for local vendors, objectives to support local vendors, the proposed methodology of developing the app, experimental results from the app, conclusions about the growing online grocery market, and future scope.
Sushil Kumar Mandlekar conducted a study on store choice behavior for grocery products in organized retail outlets in Nagpur city. The project was submitted in partial fulfillment of the MBA degree from Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University. Data was collected through a survey using a questionnaire administered to 100 consumers who visited organized retail shops. The study aimed to understand consumer shopping preferences and behaviors in the emerging organized retail sector in India compared to traditional markets. Key findings suggested that while organized retail is growing, many Indian consumers remain unaware and do not prioritize shopping experience, with only 27-38% purchasing groceries from major retail chains.
1) The document discusses impulse buying behavior in retail stores, specifically focusing on how sensory cues can trigger impulse purchases.
2) It notes that impulse buying has become more common and socially acceptable as shopping has become more of a leisure activity. While impulse decisions are often made in stores, the impact of in-store stimuli is not fully understood.
3) The document seeks to examine what triggers impulse buying and how sensory marketing can aid this behavior by influencing consumers unconsciously and positively affecting their preferences and brand perceptions.
An Evaluation of the Effect of Consumer Characteristics on Retail Format Patr...Dr. Amarjeet Singh
Consumer is prime factor in retailing. A customer
can adapt various buying roles like initiator, influencer,
decider, buyer, preparer, maintainer and disposer in
purchasing and using the products. Buying behavior helps
marketers learn the intensity and degree of involvement of
customers in purchasing the products. Studies that link
customer service to factors such as demographic,
psychographic characteristics and store format choice are
rather limited and under studied despite the fact of the
discovery that individual characteristics of consumers
influence their shopping behavior. Despite its importance
and its contribution toward better understanding of
consumer purchasing behavior, there is still lack of research
in this area especially in the retail sector. In validating the
measurements and investigating 650 questionnaires were
filled by shoppers. The research concluded with a
discussion on management implications as well as
recommendations that suppliers should supply the good
in shopping malls through considering their demographic
and psychographic responses.
A project report on effect of consumer behaviour on the purchase of refrigera...Projects Kart
This document provides an overview of a term project studying the effect of consumer behaviour on the purchase of refrigerators. It includes an introduction to consumer behaviour and factors influencing purchase decisions. The study focuses on males aged 30-40 who are working professionals and married. Key external factors identified are demographic details, media habits, culture, family, social class, and reference groups. Marketing implications include focusing on product features, value, availability, and promotion targeting homemakers as influencers.
This document summarizes a research study on the effect of digital marketing communication on consumer buying behavior. The study analyzed features related to buying behavior of digital shoppers using socio-economic variables. It found that assessment of consumer buying behavior can help understand digital shopping behavior. The study surveyed 100 consumers in Maharashtra on factors influencing online purchases like convenience, time, price, security, influence, and ability to shop online. It found some differences between male and female preferences, with females more influenced by price and males by time savings. However, behaviors were largely similar between genders. The study concluded digital marketers should understand customer needs irrespective of gender to attract customers.
This document summarizes a research paper from the International Journal of Management that examines retailer brand awareness. The paper aims to understand the effect of demographic variables and brand awareness on consumer purchasing behavior. A survey was conducted with 500 respondents in Bangalore, India across various retail locations. The findings show that consumers are interested in knowing the manufacturer of retailer brand products. Consumers were also able to differentiate retailer brands from other brands. Statistical analysis found that demographic variables and brand awareness influence consumer buying behavior. The paper concludes that retailers launching private brands can tap new market opportunities by improving brand awareness through promotions.
PROJECT REPORT ON “CUSTOMER BEHAVIOUR OF HUL WATER PURIFIER -PUREIT’S CUSTO...Gaurav Khandelwal
HUL is also known for its strong distribution network in India. In order to further strengthen its distribution, HUL launched a Project SAFE WATER ZONE in 2003 in Chennai. The idea behind this project was to protect lives to water borne disease such as typhoid, jaundice and diarrhea. In 2007 water division started national. Now it present in all states and already protected 15 million lives.
The report is prepared with an aim to provide an overview of project title “Consumer Behavior of HUL water purifier- Pureit’s customers in Jaipur.”
I have done survey, I collect all general information about an outlet, like type of channels, availability of water purifiers. And information about service and regarding supply, execution etc.
I also have done door to door survey. The survey was conducted with the help of questionnaire and personal views of respondents which would help us to measure and compare the brands from view of customer satisfaction.
This document provides an overview and outline of a project report on consumer preference and buying behaviour towards washing machines and refrigerators. It includes sections on the problem statement, scope and objectives of the study, research methodology employed, and proposed questionnaire. The research aims to understand the key factors influencing consumer purchases of these appliances and examine satisfaction levels. Primary data will be collected through a survey of 200 customers using an administered questionnaire.
This presentation is a summary of the project conducted in order to identify the viable market for restaurants delivering healthy meals online in Ireland.
Assessing Customer Satisfaction and Brand Awareness of Branded BreadIOSR Journals
The bread market is growing at about 5% per annum, according to the Ministry of Food Processing
Industries. 85% bread production is in the hands of the unorganized sector. With a lot of competition building
up to tap this potential market, the onus lies with the customer, who will turn to the brand which offers him
complete satisfaction. This paper studies the factors which lead to customer satisfaction and brand awareness,
by a random sampling of 100 customers in Cochin. The paper analyses customer satisfaction of a particular
bread brand – Elite Bread and attempts to find out how well known it is to the customers, compared to its
competitors. Limitations of the study and recommendations to improve customer satisfaction are put forth.
Kavya Gupta BBA 1st Sem of JIMSVKII has given a brief description of Retail Consumer Behavior in the slide share.
For More Query Call us on 09990474829, 011 61199191
Visit us at https://www.jimssouthdelhi.com/
Follow us on:
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/JIMSVASANTKUNJII/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/jimsljptweets
Instagram : : https://www.instagram.com/jims_vk2/?hl=en
YouTube : https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCZgioa2rpculDY7bHlljD6g
Blog: https://jimssouthdelhi.com/blog/
Linked In: https://www.linkedin.com/in/jims-vasant-kunj-38785a85/
Customer Acuity towards the Practice of Branded Toothpastes–An Analytical StudyDr. C.VIJAI
This document summarizes a research study on customer preferences for branded toothpastes in Chennai, India. The study used a sample of 300 customers and collected data through questionnaires. Key findings include:
- The most preferred toothpaste brand was Colgate, chosen by 70% of respondents.
- The top factor influencing toothpaste purchases was the product's anticavity properties.
- Over 70% of respondents had used their current toothpaste for 4 years or more, indicating brand loyalty.
- Age was found to have a relationship with brand preference, with different age groups showing tendencies towards different toothpaste brands.
The study provides insight into customer perceptions and buying behaviors related to branded toothpastes in India.
Customer satisfaction of super stores in bangladesh an explorative studyAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on identifying factors that influence customer satisfaction at super stores in Bangladesh. The study used a survey of 50 customers at 5 super stores in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Factor analysis was used to analyze the data and identify three key factors:
1. Products Factor - Related to quality, price, and variety of products.
2. Store Service Factor - Related to quality of store service and choice when shopping.
3. Customer Facilities Factor - Related to brand mix, credit card facilities, and store location.
The study found that products were the most important factor for customer satisfaction, followed by store service and then customer facilities. The results can help super store owners and managers
A study on consumer behavior of aavin milk in bhel townshipdagaashutosh
This document summarizes a study on consumer behavior regarding the purchase of Aavin milk in Bhel Township, Trichy. The study had several objectives: to assess consumer satisfaction with Aavin milk, identify factors influencing milk consumption, assess consumer awareness of milk brands, and evaluate advertising effectiveness. A sample of 120 consumers was surveyed using an interview questionnaire. Key findings included that quality was the most important factor influencing brand loyalty, 60% of respondents preferred Aavin for its quality, and 45% of respondents were highly satisfied with Aavin. Suggestions included reducing Aavin's price to be more competitive and improving extra quality and sales promotion efforts.
Do Consumers Go by the Cover A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapurijtsrd
"“Packaging can be theater, it can create a story.†Said once Steve Jobs, legend in the concept of innovative and interactive design. The master who understood the pulse of the modern markets and created a history.Packaging is the first introduction of the product to the consumer. Packaging is also the first identity of the product. Packaging serves multiple purposes for the producer and also for the consumers. It is an important part of the middlemen’s handling comfort and transporters’ essential safety measure. In the competitive environment it is a tool of marketing in general and advertising in particular.A study conducted in selected bakeries of Kolhapur for understanding the Role of Packaging in determining, Consumer Buying Behavior of food products is presented in this paper. It is a general observation that the packaging for the products of frequent purchase are not given due importance by the manufacturer such as the products sold in the bakery. The general perception is that, consumers buy such products on daily basis and hence they are not likely to notice its packaging. The objective of this paper is to find out the effect of the packaging on consumers buying decisions in case of food products sold in bakeries. Is Packaging a factor affecting consumers choice of the food products sold in bakeries Consumers’ purchase decision is a hardly a spontaneous action, there is a series of psychological and behavioral elements affecting it, also the marketing and informational tactics are in the play. The final opportunity to influence consumer’s choice is through packaging. This important aspect is addressed in the paper. Dr. Vishakha Apte | Mr. Monish A. Motwani ""Do Consumers Go by the Cover? A Survey of Selected Bakeries in Kolhapur"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Fostering Innovation, Integration and Inclusion Through Interdisciplinary Practices in Management , March 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd23077.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/mis-and-retail-management/23077/do-consumers-go-by-the-cover-a-survey-of-selected-bakeries-in-kolhapur/dr-vishakha-apte"
This document summarizes a study on store choice behavior of women consumers in Mumbai when purchasing groceries. The study found that:
1) Satisfaction levels of men and women were similar across factors like durability, size, after-sales service, and colors/shades when buying jeans.
2) Around 33% of people purchase jeans every 6 months in addition to other occasions.
3) Jeans are purchased more on average by customers under age 23.
Building Consumer Loyalty through Servicescape in Shopping MallsIOSR Journals
India is experiencing exponential growth in retail sector and Global Retail Development Index
consecutively ranked as one of the most promising retail destinations of the world. Due to this reason lot of
investments are happening in India and new players are entering the market. Shopping Mall being the latest
organized retail format entering the market witnessed huge popularity and consumer attention, luring mall
developers going all out to launch their projects. However the mushrooming growth of shopping malls has
posed lot of challenges. Recent studies have revealed that 45% of the malls in cities are vacant. Poor mall
management and poor tenant mix have resulted in poor mall traffic and low conversion rate. This paper
attempts to explore the possibility of building consumer loyalty through effective use of servicescape (physical
environment) in a shopping mall to attract and retain serious buyers. Study revealed that seven servicescape
dimensions considered i.e., ambient factor, aesthetic factor, layout, variety, cleanliness, signs, symbols &
artifacts, and social factor are all relevant in shopping mall context and capable of inducing significant
variations in consumer loyalty.
dissertation on buying behaviour of fmcg productsAdnan Ather
This document provides an executive summary of a research report on the buying behavior of consumers for FMCG (Fast Moving Consumer Goods) products in India. The summary includes:
1) An overview of the FMCG sector in India and comparisons between 2005 and 2006.
2) Details of the research methodology used in the report such as sample size, sampling region, and stratified random sampling.
3) Key factors analyzed in the report related to consumer income, socio-economics, age, and geography that influence buying behavior.
4) Conclusions and recommendations based on the analysis in the report.
A Comparative Study of Customer Satisfaction in Hyper Stores and Super Storesdeshwal852
The purpose of the present study was to compare the satisfaction level of customers purchasing products in hyper market stores and super market stores. A sample of fifty customers purchasing goods in Hyper Stores and Super Stores in Dwarka was selected for study. Retail Service Quality Scale (RSQS) developed by Dabholkar, Thrope and Rentz (1996) was used to measure customer satisfaction.
The data was interpreted with the help of mean, standard deviation and‘t’ test. The result of the study showed that there was significant difference between customer satisfaction in hyper stores and super stores. Customers feel more satisfied by shopping in hyper market.
A study of impact of merchandise variety and assostment on shopping experienc...IAEME Publication
This study examines the impact of merchandise variety and assortment on customer shopping experience in convenience stores in India. The study was conducted in Pune, India in October 2012 with 159 respondents. Survey data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. Statistical tests like Cronbach's alpha and chi-square were used. The study aims to determine if availability of products, fresh fruits and vegetables, national brands, and ability to find all needed products impacts customer satisfaction and experience. It also examines if satisfaction leads to positive store image and recommendations. The findings may help retailers understand how to improve assortments and customer experience.
The document summarizes a presentation on an online grocery delivery app called Grocify. It was presented by 4 students under the supervision of an assistant professor. The presentation included an introduction to Grocify and how it partners with local grocery stores, a literature review on previous research on online grocery shopping and mobile app adoption, the problem statement of decreasing sales for local vendors, objectives to support local vendors, the proposed methodology of developing the app, experimental results from the app, conclusions about the growing online grocery market, and future scope.
Sushil Kumar Mandlekar conducted a study on store choice behavior for grocery products in organized retail outlets in Nagpur city. The project was submitted in partial fulfillment of the MBA degree from Rashtrasant Tukdoji Maharaj Nagpur University. Data was collected through a survey using a questionnaire administered to 100 consumers who visited organized retail shops. The study aimed to understand consumer shopping preferences and behaviors in the emerging organized retail sector in India compared to traditional markets. Key findings suggested that while organized retail is growing, many Indian consumers remain unaware and do not prioritize shopping experience, with only 27-38% purchasing groceries from major retail chains.
Customer satisfaction a study with special reference to ritu we ars at morada...malay srivastava
This document provides an introduction and table of contents for a study on customer satisfaction with a focus on Ritu Wear. The introduction gives an overview of the company profile, objectives of the study, research methodology used, and outlines that the report will analyze data collected from a survey of 50 customers at Ritu Wear's store to understand their preferences and loyalty. It also notes that interviews were conducted with additional customers at the store.
An Investigation into Shopping Behavior of Customers towards Modern Retail St...IJMTST Journal
The study is intended to analyze the general shopping habits and behaviors of customers towards modern
retail stores. The objective of the study is to understand the factors affecting the shopping behavior of
customers towards modern retail stores. The research is aimed at exploring the reasons for preferring
modern retail stores to traditional kirana store, their usual preferences in purchasing various items, their
behavior in planning the visits to these stores, the benefits sought by them shopping at these stores and their
overall opinion towards these modern retail stores. A survey with a sample size of 120 from Vijayawada city
was conducted using a structured questionnaire. The data so collected was analyzed using statistical tools
and the results were presented. The findings of the study prove that there is a long way for modern retailers
to go. There is ample scope for these modern retailers to capture the market, as a majority of the middle-class
just started shifting their preference from kirana stores to modern retail formats. Stores also require
introducing in-store sales promotions to turn casual shoppers into serious buyers. Stores may also require
luring window-shoppers. Stores also require offering value-added services such as order-by-phone, mail
orders and home-delivery to mitigate the image that stores are not conveniently located. Providing improved
training for the staff proves to be very effective in serving shoppers better.
Key drivers influencing shopping behaviour in retail storeAamir Hasan
This document summarizes a journal article that studied the key drivers influencing shopping behavior in retail stores. It conducted a survey of 300 shoppers in Lucknow, India to understand what factors most influence their shopping decisions. The study found that shopping experience, store image, and value for money were the three most important variables, with shopping experience emerging as the dominant factor influencing consumers' shopping behavior. The document provides context on the importance of understanding customer shopping behavior for retailers facing competitive pressures.
The document discusses the expansion of the organized retail sector in India and its impact on unorganized retailers. Some key points:
- Unorganized retailers near organized retailers experienced a decline in sales and profits initially, but this impact weakened over time.
- There was no evidence of a decline in overall employment in the unorganized sector due to organized retailers entering the market.
- The rate of closure of unorganized retail shops is 4.2% annually, much lower than international rates, and the rate of closure specifically due to organized retail competition is even lower at 1.7% annually.
- Unorganized retailers have responded competitively through improved business practices and technology upgrades. The majority want to remain in
to analyze the shifting people towards super marketsMohammad Waseem
- The survey found that 280 out of 300 respondents had visited departmental stores before. The main purpose of visiting was to purchase general products (61.6%), followed by special purchases (20.8%) and leisure (11.5%).
- Before visiting departmental stores, the highest number of respondents used to purchase groceries from neighborhood stores (43.4%), followed by convenient stores (30.5%) and wholesale markets (17.9%).
- Most respondents said they can travel less than 1km (39.8%) or 1-3km (29.6%) for grocery shopping, with only 16% willing to travel more than 5km.
- Fruits and vegetables are purchased mostly weekly
Recent trends in organized retail sector a review of consumerTapasya123
Retailing is the transaction between the seller and consumer for personal consumption and
retailing in India came with evolutionary patterns from kirana store or mom or pop stores to
super markets and super markets to malls. Indian retail industry is ranked as one of the
biggest retail market in the whole world and second most attractive market for investment
after Vietnam. The government’s initiative to allow 51 percent foreign direct (FDI) in
organized and multi-brand retail has been a subject for now. Rajasthan's economy is
primarily agricultural and pastoral. Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan, is a fast growing city of
Rajasthan and organized retail is also becoming the part of this growth. This paper provides
detailed information and tries to find out the preference of consumers towards organized
retail sector; it also examines the growing awareness and brand consciousness among
Jaipur’s young buyers and prospective consumers. This paper explores the role of the
government of Rajasthan in growth of organized retail sector and the needs of further
reforms. It also includes the retail formats in Jaipur, recent trends, opportunities and
challenges of retail stores of Jaipur.
Recent Rrends in Organized Retail Sector-A Review of Consumer preference towa...professionalpanorama
Retailing is the transaction between the seller and consumer for personal consumption and
retailing in India came with evolutionary patterns from kirana store or mom or pop stores to
super markets and super markets to malls. Indian retail industry is ranked as one of the
biggest retail market in the whole world and second most attractive market for investment
after Vietnam. The government’s initiative to allow 51 percent foreign direct (FDI) in
organized and multi-brand retail has been a subject for now. Rajasthan's economy is
primarily agricultural and pastoral. Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan, is a fast growing city of
Rajasthan and organized retail is also becoming the part of this growth. This paper provides
detailed information and tries to find out the preference of consumers towards organized
retail sector; it also examines the growing awareness and brand consciousness among
Jaipur’s young buyers and prospective consumers. This paper explores the role of the
government of Rajasthan in growth of organized retail sector and the needs of further
reforms. It also includes the retail formats in Jaipur, recent trends, opportunities and
challenges of retail stores of Jaipur.
Has online shopping contributed towards the recent decline in uk retail saleskrunal0000
This proposal examines whether online shopping has contributed to the recent decline in UK retail sales. The research aims to understand consumer perceptions and behaviors regarding online versus retail shopping. Specifically, it seeks to determine why consumers prefer online shopping and how their buying behaviors have changed in the UK. The proposal outlines the research questions, objectives, literature review, and methodology, which will include collecting both primary and secondary data through surveys to analyze consumer segmentation, online spending habits, and willingness to purchase online.
This document discusses a case study of customer expectations and satisfaction at Big Bazaar retail stores in Baroda, India. It begins with an introduction to the retail industry and Big Bazaar. A literature review is then presented on previous studies related to customer expectations, satisfaction, and organized retail. The SERVQUAL model for measuring service quality expectations across five dimensions is described. The study aims to identify customer expectations and satisfaction levels towards Big Bazaar stores using the SERVQUAL dimensions. A survey was conducted with 100 customers and results found that satisfaction levels were positive but expectations were greater than satisfaction.
This literature review discusses several past studies on consumer perceptions and behaviors related to retail stores. One study compares consumers' perceptions of superstores versus family-run stores in Bangkok, finding consumers preferred the lower prices, variety and environment of superstores but also wanted restrictions on their expansion. Another examines customers' satisfaction with various marketing factors of the retail chain Big Bazaar in India. A third discusses psychological factors like motivation, perception, learning and beliefs that influence consumers' buying choices.
This document provides an abstract and contents section for a project on the effectiveness of the retailing mix at Big Bazaar. The abstract discusses how retailers must pursue policies to achieve objectives, with their retailing mix being their marketing strategy. It also discusses how retailing is economically significant by generating revenue, encouraging investment, and creating employment. The contents section outlines that the introduction will discuss the background and significance of studying retailing mixes. It will also cover Big Bazaar's company profile and introduce the retail industry. The methodology, analysis, summary, and bibliography are also included.
This document provides an overview of the retail industry in India. It discusses that while the majority of retail in India is still unorganized, the organized retail sector is growing rapidly at around 25-30% annually. Key factors driving this growth include rising incomes, changing consumer preferences, and the entry of large domestic and international retailers. The organized retail sector is expected to increase its market share from the current 2% to around 15-20% over the next decade. This represents a significant opportunity for the growth of organized retail in India.
The document provides an overview of retailing in India. It defines retailing as selling goods or services to final consumers for personal use. It discusses the evolution of the Indian marketing system from ancient barter systems to modern markets using money. It also describes different types of retailers including independent retailers, retail chains, franchises, and consumer cooperatives. Additionally, it outlines various retail formats such as convenience stores, supermarkets, hypermarkets, specialty stores, department stores, and catalogue showrooms. Finally, it discusses key sectors in retail such as food, clothing, consumer durables, footwear, and jewelry.
Determinants of Leisure Shopping Behaviour: An Empirical study among Consumer...IJRTEMJOURNAL
Shopping is widely regarded as a major leisure time activity. The entertainment aspect of retail
industry is increasingly being recognized as a key competitive instrument in the present situation. Therefore,
retailers and shopping Centre developers are seeking ways to make shopping more of a leisure pursuit. The
purpose of this research is to explore the dimensions of leisure shopping behaviour associated with shoppers of
organized retail outlets in Kerala. The paper also figured-out the inter relationship between the shopping
entertainment with consumer demographics. The findings of this study may help retailers in developing
appropriate strategies to improve the store patronage behaviour by elevating the hedonic shopping value and
shopping enjoyment index among consumers.
Determinants of Leisure Shopping Behaviour: An Empirical study among Consumer...journal ijrtem
Shopping is widely regarded as a major leisure time activity. The entertainment aspect of retail
industry is increasingly being recognized as a key competitive instrument in the present situation. Therefore,
retailers and shopping Centre developers are seeking ways to make shopping more of a leisure pursuit. The
purpose of this research is to explore the dimensions of leisure shopping behaviour associated with shoppers of
organized retail outlets in Kerala. The paper also figured-out the inter relationship between the shopping
entertainment with consumer demographics. The findings of this study may help retailers in developing
appropriate strategies to improve the store patronage behaviour by elevating the hedonic shopping value and
shopping enjoyment index among consumers
Impact of retail marketing on consumers by shashank singh of T.M.UShashank Singh
The retail industry in India has grown significantly in recent years. As retail outlets now offer a wide variety of products under one roof, consumers find it more convenient to shop at these stores rather than local markets. Young consumers value their time and prefer shopping at retail outlets close to their homes. While small shops still dominate the retail landscape in India, large retail chains are growing due to factors like higher standards of hygiene. However, the growth of large retail outlets poses a challenge to small shops. Retailers need to adopt innovative strategies to attract customers and survive in this competitive environment.
Abnormalities of hormones and inflammatory cytokines in women affected with p...Alexander Decker
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have elevated levels of hormones like luteinizing hormone and testosterone, as well as higher levels of insulin and insulin resistance compared to healthy women. They also have increased levels of inflammatory markers like C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and leptin. This study found these abnormalities in the hormones and inflammatory cytokines of women with PCOS ages 23-40, indicating that hormone imbalances associated with insulin resistance and elevated inflammatory markers may worsen infertility in women with PCOS.
A usability evaluation framework for b2 c e commerce websitesAlexander Decker
This document presents a framework for evaluating the usability of B2C e-commerce websites. It involves user testing methods like usability testing and interviews to identify usability problems in areas like navigation, design, purchasing processes, and customer service. The framework specifies goals for the evaluation, determines which website aspects to evaluate, and identifies target users. It then describes collecting data through user testing and analyzing the results to identify usability problems and suggest improvements.
A universal model for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that aimed to synthesize motivation theories into a universal model for managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was guided by Maslow and McGregor's theories. A sample of 303 marketing executives was used. The results showed that managers will be most effective at motivating marketing executives if they consider individual needs and create challenging but attainable goals. The emerged model suggests managers should provide job satisfaction by tailoring assignments to abilities and monitoring performance with feedback. This addresses confusion faced by Nigerian bank managers in determining effective motivation strategies.
A unique common fixed point theorems in generalized dAlexander Decker
This document presents definitions and properties related to generalized D*-metric spaces and establishes some common fixed point theorems for contractive type mappings in these spaces. It begins by introducing D*-metric spaces and generalized D*-metric spaces, defines concepts like convergence and Cauchy sequences. It presents lemmas showing the uniqueness of limits in these spaces and the equivalence of different definitions of convergence. The goal of the paper is then stated as obtaining a unique common fixed point theorem for generalized D*-metric spaces.
A trends of salmonella and antibiotic resistanceAlexander Decker
This document provides a review of trends in Salmonella and antibiotic resistance. It begins with an introduction to Salmonella as a facultative anaerobe that causes nontyphoidal salmonellosis. The emergence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella is then discussed. The document proceeds to cover the historical perspective and classification of Salmonella, definitions of antimicrobials and antibiotic resistance, and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella including modification or destruction of antimicrobial agents, efflux pumps, modification of antibiotic targets, and decreased membrane permeability. Specific resistance mechanisms are discussed for several classes of antimicrobials.
A transformational generative approach towards understanding al-istifhamAlexander Decker
This document discusses a transformational-generative approach to understanding Al-Istifham, which refers to interrogative sentences in Arabic. It begins with an introduction to the origin and development of Arabic grammar. The paper then explains the theoretical framework of transformational-generative grammar that is used. Basic linguistic concepts and terms related to Arabic grammar are defined. The document analyzes how interrogative sentences in Arabic can be derived and transformed via tools from transformational-generative grammar, categorizing Al-Istifham into linguistic and literary questions.
A time series analysis of the determinants of savings in namibiaAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the determinants of savings in Namibia from 1991 to 2012. It reviews previous literature on savings determinants in developing countries. The study uses time series analysis including unit root tests, cointegration, and error correction models to analyze the relationship between savings and variables like income, inflation, population growth, deposit rates, and financial deepening in Namibia. The results found inflation and income have a positive impact on savings, while population growth negatively impacts savings. Deposit rates and financial deepening were found to have no significant impact. The study reinforces previous work and emphasizes the importance of improving income levels to achieve higher savings rates in Namibia.
A therapy for physical and mental fitness of school childrenAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the importance of exercise in maintaining physical and mental fitness for school children. It discusses how physical and mental fitness are developed through participation in regular physical exercises and cannot be achieved solely through classroom learning. The document outlines different types and components of fitness and argues that developing fitness should be a key objective of education systems. It recommends that schools ensure pupils engage in graded physical activities and exercises to support their overall development.
A theory of efficiency for managing the marketing executives in nigerian banksAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining efficiency in managing marketing executives in Nigerian banks. The study was examined through the lenses of Kaizen theory (continuous improvement) and efficiency theory. A survey of 303 marketing executives from Nigerian banks found that management plays a key role in identifying and implementing efficiency improvements. The document recommends adopting a "3H grand strategy" to improve the heads, hearts, and hands of management and marketing executives by enhancing their knowledge, attitudes, and tools.
This document discusses evaluating the link budget for effective 900MHz GSM communication. It describes the basic parameters needed for a high-level link budget calculation, including transmitter power, antenna gains, path loss, and propagation models. Common propagation models for 900MHz that are described include Okumura model for urban areas and Hata model for urban, suburban, and open areas. Rain attenuation is also incorporated using the updated ITU model to improve communication during rainfall.
A synthetic review of contraceptive supplies in punjabAlexander Decker
This document discusses contraceptive use in Punjab, Pakistan. It begins by providing background on the benefits of family planning and contraceptive use for maternal and child health. It then analyzes contraceptive commodity data from Punjab, finding that use is still low despite efforts to improve access. The document concludes by emphasizing the need for strategies to bridge gaps and meet the unmet need for effective and affordable contraceptive methods and supplies in Punjab in order to improve health outcomes.
A synthesis of taylor’s and fayol’s management approaches for managing market...Alexander Decker
1) The document discusses synthesizing Taylor's scientific management approach and Fayol's process management approach to identify an effective way to manage marketing executives in Nigerian banks.
2) It reviews Taylor's emphasis on efficiency and breaking tasks into small parts, and Fayol's focus on developing general management principles.
3) The study administered a survey to 303 marketing executives in Nigerian banks to test if combining elements of Taylor and Fayol's approaches would help manage their performance through clear roles, accountability, and motivation. Statistical analysis supported combining the two approaches.
A survey paper on sequence pattern mining with incrementalAlexander Decker
This document summarizes four algorithms for sequential pattern mining: GSP, ISM, FreeSpan, and PrefixSpan. GSP is an Apriori-based algorithm that incorporates time constraints. ISM extends SPADE to incrementally update patterns after database changes. FreeSpan uses frequent items to recursively project databases and grow subsequences. PrefixSpan also uses projection but claims to not require candidate generation. It recursively projects databases based on short prefix patterns. The document concludes by stating the goal was to find an efficient scheme for extracting sequential patterns from transactional datasets.
A survey on live virtual machine migrations and its techniquesAlexander Decker
This document summarizes several techniques for live virtual machine migration in cloud computing. It discusses works that have proposed affinity-aware migration models to improve resource utilization, energy efficient migration approaches using storage migration and live VM migration, and a dynamic consolidation technique using migration control to avoid unnecessary migrations. The document also summarizes works that have designed methods to minimize migration downtime and network traffic, proposed a resource reservation framework for efficient migration of multiple VMs, and addressed real-time issues in live migration. Finally, it provides a table summarizing the techniques, tools used, and potential future work or gaps identified for each discussed work.
A survey on data mining and analysis in hadoop and mongo dbAlexander Decker
This document discusses data mining of big data using Hadoop and MongoDB. It provides an overview of Hadoop and MongoDB and their uses in big data analysis. Specifically, it proposes using Hadoop for distributed processing and MongoDB for data storage and input. The document reviews several related works that discuss big data analysis using these tools, as well as their capabilities for scalable data storage and mining. It aims to improve computational time and fault tolerance for big data analysis by mining data stored in Hadoop using MongoDB and MapReduce.
1. The document discusses several challenges for integrating media with cloud computing including media content convergence, scalability and expandability, finding appropriate applications, and reliability.
2. Media content convergence challenges include dealing with the heterogeneity of media types, services, networks, devices, and quality of service requirements as well as integrating technologies used by media providers and consumers.
3. Scalability and expandability challenges involve adapting to the increasing volume of media content and being able to support new media formats and outlets over time.
This document surveys trust architectures that leverage provenance in wireless sensor networks. It begins with background on provenance, which refers to the documented history or derivation of data. Provenance can be used to assess trust by providing metadata about how data was processed. The document then discusses challenges for using provenance to establish trust in wireless sensor networks, which have constraints on energy and computation. Finally, it provides background on trust, which is the subjective probability that a node will behave dependably. Trust architectures need to be lightweight to account for the constraints of wireless sensor networks.
This document discusses private equity investments in Kenya. It provides background on private equity and discusses trends in various regions. The objectives of the study discussed are to establish the extent of private equity adoption in Kenya, identify common forms of private equity utilized, and determine typical exit strategies. Private equity can involve venture capital, leveraged buyouts, or mezzanine financing. Exits allow recycling of capital into new opportunities. The document provides context on private equity globally and in developing markets like Africa to frame the goals of the study.
This document discusses a study that analyzes the financial health of the Indian logistics industry from 2005-2012 using Altman's Z-score model. The study finds that the average Z-score for selected logistics firms was in the healthy to very healthy range during the study period. The average Z-score increased from 2006 to 2010 when the Indian economy was hit by the global recession, indicating the overall performance of the Indian logistics industry was good. The document reviews previous literature on measuring financial performance and distress using ratios and Z-scores, and outlines the objectives and methodology used in the current study.
1. Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-607X (Paper) ISSN 2225-0565 (Online)
Vol.4, No.14, 2014
184
Shifting Towards Virtual Stores: Evidence from the Customers of
Supermarkets in Pakistan
Waqar Akbar (Corresponding author)
Ph.D Scholar, Department of Management Sciences, SZABIST Kararchi
waqarspectrum@gmail.com
Prof. Dr. Anwer Irshad Burney
Associate Professor in Economics, Govt. National College, Karachi
Umair Baig
Lecturer, Department of Commerce, BBSUL, Karachi
Qurat-ul-ain Moin and Sameer Shamim
BBA, Department of Business Administration, PIMSAT, Karachi
Abstract
Shopping behaviors of consumers have been greatly changed in Pakistan in last decade. The trend of buying
from retail shops to supermarkets has been prominent attention of all stakeholders. This change does not stop
with increasing supermarkets. People have also been very hectic with their schedules and their shopping
preferences have also been diversified. They are not usually interested to spend their time for shopping at stores
rather they prefer someone who does this work for them. The concept of virtual store is a result of this trend
where people do not need to go superstores but they can do their shopping on the go. In order to understand
whether Pakistan buyers are ready and interested to accept Virtual stores in their country, the research is carried
out. The 101 respondents view were recorded via self administrated questionnaire,. The result reveals that people
are pleased to have such stores in their countries where they do not need to physically go for shopping. The
result also indicates that customers also prefer to have home delivery of their products which they order while
they are at home or on the go.
Keywords: Virtual stores, supermarkets, shopping
1. Introduction
The technology has changed this world round the globe, Every sector in each industry make their process easier
and faster by the utilization of this technology. The trend of retail sector has changed in Pakistan since the super
markets has been introduced all over Pakistan. In the previous days people used to do grocery shopping by
purchasing from different shops, they need to find different shops one has quality but their price was higher,
other is near to home has low price of goods but quality was not fine, that becomes problematic for customers.
The rapid growth of supermarkets chains has been observed like Imtiaz, Naheed, Metro, and Hyperstar in
Pakistan and the trend of shopping in big stores are increasing day by day. Super Stores in Pakistan so far have
resolved the customer’s worries by providing those goods that are of good quality and reasonable price. These
super stores become a shopping solution for customers; by implementing Inventory management system
softwares they maintained their stock and supply, however, issue remain still notable. These stores are time
consuming, and they are becoming very congested as well, one big segment has been facing these problems, the
working class people who don’t have enough time to go for shop.
The world has been moved ahead. These super stores may become virtual shopping stores. The idea is not new in
developed countries like UK, USA however, Pakistan where the technology is at its development stage, this new
idea of introducing virtual model shopping center is relatively new and imperative. These superstores are
introduced in many countries. These virtual stores provide customers smart phone friendly online shopping
system, now people can shop on subways in Pakistan as well if these virtual stores will implement in Pakistan,
goods will be provided to them at their door step. This research is conducted to add value in these super market
chains and investigate about consumer’s behavior towards virtual stores which gives them same product on their
door step.
1.1 Background of The Study:
Virtual Stores are the new concept in Pakistan However it’s implementing in other parts of the world and first
introduced in South Korea by TESCO. We have chosen this topic as physical stores are not convenient and
number of working people increasing in Pakistan, People are busy enough not have much time to go for
shopping. Following are the problems highlighted in Physical superstores that lead to the implementation of
virtual stores in Pakistan.
2. Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-607X (Paper) ISSN 2225-0565 (Online)
Vol.4, No.14, 2014
185
1.2 Problem Statement
“Customer’s response towards virtual stores if it will implement in Pakistan”
Customer’s attitude and inclinations towards virtual stores for grocery shopping if they are introduce in Pakistan
using smart phone technology.
1.3 Research Objectives
• To identify customer’s response towards virtual stores.
• To identify the demand of virtual stores in Pakistan.
• To discover the smart phone market in Pakistan.
• To elucidate the difficulties faced by consumers in Pakistan in Physical super stores.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
According to the Webster International dictionary (1993), a Supermarket is a self-service store or independent
retail market offering a wide variety of food and household merchandise, organized into departments. It is larger
in size and has a wider selection than a traditional grocery store and it is smaller than a hypermarket or
superstore.
According to the Webster dictionary (1993) a hyper market is a superstore which combines a supermarket and a
department store (where usually are sold products like apparel, furniture, appliances, electronics, and
additionally select other lines of products such as paint, hardware, toiletries, cosmetics, photographic equipment,
jewellery, toys, and sporting goods), being the result a very large retail facility which carries an enormous range
of products under one roof, including full lines of groceries and general merchandise.
According to Hasemark and Albinsson (2004) cited in Singh (2006) “satisfaction is an overall attitude towards a
product provider or an emotional reaction to the difference between what customers expect and what they
actually receive regarding the fulfillment of a need”.
Kotler (2000); Hoyer & MacInnis (2001) also define satisfaction as a person‟s feelings of pleasure, excitement,
delight or disappointment which results from comparing a products perceived performance to his or her
expectations.
Ciavolino & Dahlgaard (2007) suggest that “customer satisfaction can be defined as the overall evaluation of the
service performances or utilization.”
Customer satisfaction can be achieved by improving service quality. Ciavolino & Dahlgaard (2007) contend that
service quality is the measure of service levels based o the attributes of the core product. Such attributes include;
Facility layout- display of products, clean environment, clear labeling. Other attributes can be Location, Process
- queue management, waiting time, express checkouts, supermarket operation hours, delivery time, additional
services like parking, parent & baby facilities, and loyalty/membership cards, Product-variety of groceries,
durability, merchandise quality and Merchandising.
Zairi (2000) says that many studies have viewed the impact of customer satisfaction on repeat purchase, loyalty
and retention and they have all echoed concern that customers who are satisfied are most likely to share their
experiences with other people with regards to about five to six people.
Additionally, this research is supported by La Barbera & Mazarsky (1983) who also imply that satisfaction
influences repurchase intentions whereas dissatisfaction is seen as a primary reason for customer defection or
discontinuation of purchase. Hoyer & MacInnis (2001) also say that dissatisfied customers can choose to
discontinue purchasing the goods or services and engage in negative word of mouth.
According to Wikipedia, ‘A supermarket, a large form of the traditional grocery store, is a self-
serviceshop offering a wide variety of food and household products, organized into aisles. It is larger in size and
has a wider selection than a traditional grocery store, but is smaller and more limited in the range of merchandise
than ahypermarket or big-box market’.
Developing countries are experiencing dramatic changes in the retailing industry over the decades, with the
emergence of new retail format such as supermarket and convenience store. (Ting, 2003).
Supermarket nowadays becomes a necessity to consumers to shop and purchase basic goods. Grocery shopping
has shifted its nature from necessity to a high level involvement occasion. This shift is not new for the developed
countries but in Pakistan this changing scenario of retailing industry is a new trend. Pakistani retail industry -
following its counterparts in the developed world - is also adopting new formats by offering a wide variety of
quality products at a good price under one roof with an enjoyable ambience.
The purpose of this research is to find out the customer behavior about virtual stores that there are many peoples
who shop weekly or twice in a month so the stores become rushes and time consuming, people not able to shop
easily in Pakistan This study will identify that in the Pakistani market is customer are aware about the experience
of virtual shopping or not? This study will also highlight the most important characteristics according to the
customer satisfaction towards the super market.
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3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This research is descriptive by purpose. The research designs, which we l use in this research is quantitative. The
target population is the customers who actually are involved in shopping for their household. We have chosen
101 customers as a sample representing to our target population. For Research study, convenience sampling has
been chosen because the research time limits to three months. The instrument that we have chosen for our
research is the Questionnaire.
4. Analysis
4.1 Respondents Profile
The data is gathered mostly from youngsters at the age of between 20 to 25, covering 45% of data. They all are
aware of this technological era and can understand smart phone applications and supports the concept of Virtual
shopping stores, If this idea will implement then these youngsters reached at the maturity stage become
experienced and they will have their own family, that’s why data is gathered mostly from the people at this age.
In gender bracket females are covering 56% of data because in Pakistan grocery shopping mostly done by
females, now in Pakistan specially in Metro cities females are becoming working professionals, they don’t have
more time to go for shopping and purchase all grocery by their own, they have to manage their professional work
and their home side by side, this idea of Virtual shopping stores becomes helpful for them.
4.2 Analysis
4.2.1 How Often People Do Grocery Shopping
Table1: People Do Grocery Shopping
How often do you do grocery shopping Total
Gender Many times a
week
Once a week Once every
two weeks
Once a month Other
male 8 8 4 23 1 44
female 2 7 10 35 3 57
The above table and graph shows that most of the people do grocery shopping once a month whether male or
female.
4.2.2 Significant Factors While People Shop At Grocery Stores:
In order to find the significant factors which cause people to go for shopping stores, we ask the respondents the
significant factors including brand, price, quality and place. The following result reveals the respondents views:
Table 2: Factors cause to shop at Grocery Stores
One-Sample Test
Test Value = 2
t df Sig. (2-tailed) Mean
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of the
Difference
Lower Upper
Brand 15.590 100 .000 1.208 1.05 1.36
Price 17.262 100 .000 1.337 1.18 1.49
quality 32.883 100 .000 1.703 1.60 1.81
Place 7.489 100 .000 .743 .55 .94
According to the result shown above, all the factors were significant when the people go for shopping, however,
it was more important to understand which factor is the most important where the least important factor was
necessary to know so as to imply some suggestions to investors for introducing virtual stores in Pakistan. We
calculate the coefficient of mean on the above results, the below shows the results:
Table 3: Importance of Factors while do shopping
Factors Coefficient of variance
Quality 71.1%
Price 42.9%
Brand 41.2%
Place 27.4%
4.2.3 People Have Smart Phones:
Virtual stores are mainly depending on smart phones; therefore it was necessary to know that what percent of
people in Pakistan have smart phones with them. The result shows that 75% of population has smart phones
whether male or females.
4. Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org
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187
Table 4: People having Smart Phones
Smart phone Frequency Percent
yes 76 75.2
No 25 24.8
Total 101 100.0
4.2.4 Customers Response Towards Virtual Shopping Stores:
Customers who go to grocery shopping stores, they must have some positive attitude towards introducing virtual
shopping stores in Pakistan. We ask our respondents if they do shopping, Virtual stores are introduced in
Pakistan. Respondent result is given below:
Table 5: Customer Response Toward Virtual Shopping Stores
One-Sample Test
Do you shop through
virtual stores if come to
Pakistan
Test Value = 3
t df Sig. (2-
tailed)
Mean
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of
the Difference
Lower Upper
2.370 100 .020 .277 .05 .51
The above table clearly indicates that (t= 2.37), People will do shopping if virtual stores are introduced in
Pakistan.
4.2.5 Satisfied By Grocery Home Delivery
The main characteristic of virtual shopping store is that the delivery will come home. It was very necessary to
know that if people feel satisfied, grocery is delivered at home or they like to visit stores themselves to buy
grocery. This result was very important to answer our research objective:
One-Sample Test
How much you satisfied
if grocery delivered at
home
Test Value = 3
t df Sig. (2-
tailed)
Mean
Difference
95% Confidence Interval of
the Difference
Lower Upper
13.005 100 .000 1.149 .97 1.32
The result clearly indicates that people prefer to have delivery at their home which really helps to make
suggestion for introducing virtual stores in Pakistan.
5. Discussion
Physical Super markets which exist in Pakistan are crowded with peoples day by day. The trend of grocery
shopping increasing at fast pace from supermarkets exists in Pakistan. Imtiaz, Naheed, METRO and Hyperstar
are the popular superstores in Karachi.
The trend of working professionals also increasing in Pakistan, the grocery shopping is time consuming as the
people first have to go specially for shopping there, then they select products make slips and they have to stand
in long queues for bill payments, then when they reach home they have to carry shopping bags to their house.
This process added many difficulties for the customer’s especially working professional as its time consuming
and need efforts.
This is a technological era, mobile phones and internet has changed the entire world, communication becomes
faster, and processes become easier by the implementation of technology.
The concept of virtual shopping stores make the grocery shopping easier and faster for customers, they just need
to place an order through their smart phones with the help of subway stores, that they found on their way, then
grocery will reached to their home through home delivery.
The concept of virtual shopping stores is implemented in the world like in South Korea, china and in other
countries as well. This research is conducted to find how customers behaves if these virtual shopping stores will
be implemented in Pakistan. The customers will accept this concept or not. This research is Quantitative and
descriptive in nature, the target population includes all those people who shop from physical supermarkets exists
in Karachi. The sample size is 101 respondents. Questionnaire is the instrument which is used in this research.
This research is the concept which can add an option in the customers mind that they can shop through subway
stores as well they don’t need to go specially for grocery shopping, solving the problems of those people who
don’t have time for grocery shopping.
If we discuss whole analysis done previously, we found that the concept of virtual shopping stores for grocery
shopping will be successful in Pakistan, As we have found through our research that people shop mostly from
virtual stores and most of the people have smart phones, this idea is most useful for working class males and
5. Developing Country Studies www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-607X (Paper) ISSN 2225-0565 (Online)
Vol.4, No.14, 2014
188
females because they are busy enough don’t have time to for grocery shopping.
Through results we have found that mostly people go for grocery shopping once a month, the idea can only be
successful if the virtual shopping stores create trust in the mind of customers, they have to gain mind share of
customers by providing them quality goods and on time as well, and otherwise customers can lose trust on
virtual shopping stores.
If we go through our research we have found that quality is most important factor for customers, then price is
important, after that brand is important for people and place is least important factor in grocery shopping. By this
analysis we have found that customers can compromise on quality, if virtual shopping stores provide quality
goods then place is not matter for customers, they will give orders wherever the subway stores is places in city,
that will be convenient for customers to shop through virtual shopping stores, all grocery goods will be provided
them through home delivery, they don’t need to stand in long queues for billing, carrying shopping bags to their
homes, customers can save their time as well.
Overall we receive positive response from the customers, if the virtual shopping stores concept will implement in
Pakistan, then people will surely shop from there, that save their time as well.
6. CONCLUSION
Retail Industry has developed in Pakistan, Supermarkets chain has increased all over Pakistan, and people are
aware of online purchasing as well. Virtual Shopping Stores Brings the concept ‘Let store come to people’. The
result has shown people will support this concept and shop mostly from it if it will implement in Pakistan,
especially all professional ladies and gents as well highly appreciate this idea, Overall the customers response are
good regarding Virtual Shopping Stores using Smart phone technology and Bar code technology. This research
can be used by all leading stores in Pakistan, this is the value addition in their services for a particular sector.
7. REFERENCES:
Ciavolino, E & Dahlgaard, JJ (2007), “Customer satisfaction modeling and analysis: A case study”,Journal of
Total Quality Management, Vol.18, No.5, pp 545-554.
De Chernatony, l&Mcdonald,M (1998), ‘creating powerful brands in consumer, service and industrial
markets’, oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann
Hoyer, WD & MacInnis, DJ (2001), Consumer behavior,Houghton Boston: Mifflin Company in Singh,H
2006,
“The Importance of Customer Satisfaction in relation to customer loyalty and retention”, UCTI.WP-06-
06,May 2006, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Hansemark, OC & Albinson, M (2004), “Customer Satisfaction and Retention: The Experiences of Individual
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Kotler, P 2000, Marketing Management 10 (ed), New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
LaBabera, PA and Mazursk, D (1983), “A longitudinal assessment of consumer satisfaction, dissatisfaction:
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Singh,H (2006). “The Importance of Customer Satisfaction in relation to customer loyalty and
retention”,UCTI.WP-06-06, , Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Punjab board of investment and trade, ‘Retail sector report’, 2013
http://www.pbit.gop.pk/pbit/uploaded/projects/retail-sector-report.pdf retrieved on 13th
march 2014
Ting (2003) , viewed 25th
march 2013 http://www.dnb.co.in/IndianRetailIndustry/overview.asp
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The TQM Magazine, Vol. 12(5), pp. 331-335.
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