This document provides instructions and examples for a learning activity that teaches students to identify different types of sentences. The activity involves students working in groups to determine whether sets of words are phrases or clauses. They then arrange the words into sentences. The document defines simple, compound, complex, and compound-complex sentences. It provides examples of each sentence type and exercises for students to practice identifying the sentence structures. The goals of the activity are for students to differentiate phrases from clauses, identify sentence types, and build confidence through group work.

1. GOOD AFTERNOON 

2. LET’S PLAY!!
• This game is called guess what.
• Group of words will be shown on the
screen and you will identify whether it’s a
clause or phrase.

3. for twenty years

4. I went to see my mom

5. we had our out of town trip

6. my best friend

7. Learning Target of
the Day

8. • differentiate phrases from clauses
• follow the standard sentence pattern
• identify clauses and the four types of
sentence according to structure
• build confidence in answering the
questions
• trust the group’s decision

9. Let’s Try to Write 

10. • Write one sentence from the group of
words we had earlier on the red paper.
a. for twenty years
b. i went to see my mom
c. we had our out of town trip
d. my best friends

11. LET’S SHARE 

12. LET’S TRY SOME
MORE 

14. ROLES OF THE MEMBERS
• Leader – organizes the group
• Thinker – solves the words
• Writer – writes the answer on the paper
• Reader – shares the answer to the class

15. • You are given sets of words that you have
to arrange.
• You are given 5 minutes to accomplish the
task.

16. SET A
doesn’t meat Robert eat
SET B
Robert vegetarian eat Barbara so him
meat made a doesn’t special dish for
SET C
since doesn’t Robert eat he is a
vegetarian meat
SET D
Robert meat vegetarian Barbara for
doesn’t since him he is a eat so
vegetarian made a special dish

17. Sentence Structure:
Sentence Types

18. Sentence Types
• Simple
• Compound
• Complex
• Compound-Complex

19. Basic Elements of Every Sentence
SUBJECT PREDICATE

20. Basic Elements
plays tennis.
PREDICATE

21. Simple Sentence

22. Simple Sentence
• A simple sentence has a subject and a
predicate.
• It is composed of one
independent clause.

23. Simple Sentence
We went to San Juan.
Observe how a simple sentence is constructed:

24. Simple Sentence
We went to San Juan .
Pronoun Verb
Simple subject Complete predicate
Prepositional phrase

25. SIMPLE SENTENCE
plays tennis.
PREDICATE
one subject one predicate

26. Simple Sentence
play tennis.
Compound Subject
&

27. Simple Sentence
play tennis and swim.
Compound Subject Compound Predicate
& &

28. SIMPLE SENTENCE
with compound subject
Tom and Mary play tennis.

29. SIMPLE SENTENCE
with compound subject
and
compound predicate
Tom and Mary play tennis and
swim.

30. Compound Sentence

31. Compound Sentence
• A compound sentence has more than
one part that can stand alone
(independent clauses).
• Independent clauses are connected by
coordinating conjunctions, conjunctive
adverbs or a semi-colon.

32. Compound Sentence
We went to San Juan, and
most of us danced all night.

33. Compound Sentence
We went to San Juan,
and most of us danced all night .
Subject Verb
Coordinating
Conjunction
Predicate
Verb
Prepositional phrase
Modifying phrase
Subject

34. Compound Sentence
Use of Coordinating Conjunctions
PREDICATE
PREDICATE

35. Compound Sentence
swims,
plays tennis.

36. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
FOR
AND
NOR
BUT
OR
YET
SO

37. Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

38. Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.
Comma before “and”
in compound
sentences!
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

39. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

40. Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Independent Independent
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

41. Note: Semicolon
before conjunctive
adverb and comma
after conjunctive adverb!
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
COMPOUND SENTENCE:
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

42. Conjunctive Adverbs “float”
• Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes
called “floating” adverbs because they
can be positioned at the beginning, in
the middle, or at the end of a clause.

43. CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:
AT THE BEGINNING, IN THE MIDDLE,AT
THE END
Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.
Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich.
Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.

44. Semicolons
• “If the relation between the ideas
expressed in the main clauses is very
close and obvious without a
conjunction, you can separate the
clauses with a semicolon” (Little, Brown
Handbook, 9th Edition, p. 361).

45. COMPOUND SENTENCE:
SEMICOLON
Tom has benefited from his exercise
program; he is slim and energetic.

46. Complex Sentence

47. Complex Sentence
• A complex sentence has at least two
parts: one independent clause and
dependent clause.
• The dependent clause is linked to the
rest of the sentence by a
subordinating conjunction.

48. Complex Sentence
Since my boyfriend and I wanted to have fun,
we went to San Juan yesterday.

49. Complex Sentence
Since we wanted to have fun,
we went to San Juan yesterday.
Predicate
Subject
Subordinating
Conjunction
Part that cannot stand alone

50. Complex Sentence
SUBJECT
PREDICATE

51. Complex Sentence
is popular
is ugly.

52. COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
The most
common
subordinating
conjunctions are
After
Although
As
Because
Before
How
If
Once
Since
Than
That
Though
Till
Until
When
Where
Whether
while

53. Bob is popular even though he is ugly.
Clause 1 Clause
2
Independent Dependent
COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

54. Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.
Clause 1 Clause 2
Dependent Independent
COMPLEX SENTENCE:
SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

55. Compound-Complex
Sentence

56. • This type of sentence has more than
one part that can stand alone, and at
least one that cannot.
• Conjunctions link the different parts
of this sentence.
Compound-Complex Sentence

57. Compound-Complex
Sentence
Since we wanted to have fun,
my boyfriend and I went to San Juan yesterday,
and we danced all night.

58. Since we wanted to have fun,
my boyfriend and I went to San Juan,
and we danced all night.
Subject Predicate
Subordinating
Conjunction
Coordinating
Conjunction
Part that cannot stand alone
Compound-Complex Sentence

59. Compound-Complex Sentence
is popular
is good looking,
is not very happy.

60. Exercises
Say if the following sentences are:
Simple, compound, complex or
compound-complex.

61. 1. The bell rang.
2. Bridget ran the first part of the race, and
Tara biked the second part.
3. He stands at the bottom of the cliff while
the climber moves up the rock.
4. The skier turned and jumped.
5. Naoki passed the test because he
studied hard and understood the material.

62. Answers
1. Simple
2. Compound
3. Complex
4. Simple
5. Compound-complex

63. 1. Because Kayla has so much climbing
experience , we asked her to lead our
group.
2. You and I need piano lessons.
3. I planned to go to the hockey game, but I
couldn’t get tickets.
4. Dorothy likes white water rafting, but she
also enjoys kayaking.
5. There are many problems to solve before
this program can be used, but engineers
believe that they will be able to solve
them soon.

64. Answers
1. Complex
2. Simple
3. Compound
4. Compound
5. Compound-complex

65. LET’S SEE WHAT WE
ACHIEVED today

66. differentiate phrases from clauses
follow the standard sentence pattern
identify clauses and the four types of
sentence according to structure
build confidence in answering the
questions
trust the group’s decision

67. THANK YOU!! 