pacemaker sensors

1. Sensors of rate responsive
pacing
By: Dr Nishant Tyagi
Moderator: Dr Anil Saxena

2. Pacing Code

3. Normal exercise physiology

4. Normal exercise physiology
Early phase - increase in both SV and HR,
but in latter phase - only increase in the HR
Post exercise phase - return to baseline is rapid normally,
but this is blunted in HF, in whom there is a oxygen debt

5. Fixed rate versus rate responsive pacing

6. Why is rate response needed

7. Advantages

9. Different parameters :
• Venous SPO2
• Venous pH
• QT interval
• Body motion - accelerometers
• Respiratory rate
• RV stroke volume
• Central venous temperature
• Minute ventilation
• Peak endocardial acceleration - PEA
• Changes of the right ventricular impedance during the
cardiac cycle (CLS, closed loop stimulation)

10. Activity sensors

12. Activity sensors

13. Metabolic Sensors

14. Minute ventilation

15. Minute ventilation

16. Sensors using QT interval
OR

17. Sensors using QT interval

18. Peak endocardial acceleration [PEA]

19. Peak endocardial acceleration [PEA]

20. Dual sensors pacemakers
No single sensor can reproduce sinus node behaviour
in all the different activities of daily life

21. Dual sensors pacemakers

23. Sensors optimization

25. Rationale for rate RRP in BVP and ICD

26. Thanks