1. The petitioner filed a case questioning the President's absence from public view and alleging that he looked incoherent during press conferences, claiming this violated the requirement to inform the public of the President's health in cases of serious illness under Section 12 of Article VII.
2. The Supreme Court ruled against the petitioner, finding the claims were based on unsubstantiated news reports and the President had been actively performing duties.
3. Two justices dissented, arguing Section 12 is self-executing and requires disclosure of the President's medical condition without need for legislation, and the failure to provide information suggests intent to hide the President's true health state.
The document outlines the powers and qualifications of the President and Vice President of the Philippines according to the country's constitution. It discusses that the executive power is vested in the President, who has residual powers beyond what is enumerated. The President's qualifications include being a natural-born citizen over 40 years of age who has resided in the country for at least 10 years. Succession rules and the process for election and terms of office are also outlined. The President has powers to appoint officials, grant clemency, and act as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
The document outlines the powers and responsibilities of the President and Vice President of the Philippines according to the 1987 Constitution. Some key points:
- The executive power is vested in the President, who must be a natural-born citizen over 40.
- The Vice President has the same qualifications and is elected jointly with the President.
- The President and Vice President serve 6-year terms and the President cannot serve more than one.
- The President appoints cabinet members and other government officials with congressional approval.
- Presidential powers include commanding armed forces, declaring martial law, granting pardons, and entering treaties with congressional approval.
The document summarizes key aspects of the legislative department under the Philippine Constitution, including:
1. The Senate is composed of 24 senators elected nationwide for six-year terms. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members elected from legislative districts and through a party-list system for three-year terms.
2. Both houses have the power to declare the existence of a state of war with a two-thirds vote, conduct legislative inquiries, and grant emergency powers to the President during times of war or national emergency.
3. The Constitution establishes qualifications for senators and representatives and prohibits certain conflicts of interest. Various types of bills and appropriations are also described.
The document contains summaries of various sections of the Philippine Constitution and other laws. Some key points include:
- In the event that both the President and Vice President are unable to serve, the Senate President becomes the next in line for President until successors are elected.
- The Constitution guarantees rights like speedy trials, access to records, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition the government.
- Only the Chief Justice, Supreme Court justices, COMELEC Chair, and COA Chair can be removed through impeachment. The Sandiganbayan Presiding Justice cannot.
- Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations by balancing economic, social and environmental factors.
The document summarizes edits made to the US Constitution by Group 2. They made changes to articles regarding representation, the Senate, presidential elections, and slavery. For representation, they removed the Three-Fifths Clause and replaced it with a flat 10% income tax. For the Senate, they incorporated the 17th Amendment directly into the original text. For presidential elections, they eliminated the electoral college and added amendments guaranteeing voting rights. They also removed clauses regarding the return of slaves.
This document outlines the provisions for the executive branch of the Philippines government as established in Article 7 of their Constitution. It describes the qualifications and election process for the President and Vice President, their terms of office, line of succession, and restrictions on holding other offices or having conflicts of interest during their tenure.
According to the document, the Philippine Congress consists of two chambers - the Senate and the House of Representatives. It is a bicameral legislative body that exercises legislative power. The Senate has 24 senators serving 6-year terms, with half being elected every 3 years. The House of Representatives has between 250-300 congressmen serving 3-year terms. Both chambers are responsible for creating laws, confirming appointments, and impeaching government officials.
The document outlines the powers and qualifications of the President and Vice President of the Philippines according to the country's constitution. It discusses that the executive power is vested in the President, who has residual powers beyond what is enumerated. The President's qualifications include being a natural-born citizen over 40 years of age who has resided in the country for at least 10 years. Succession rules and the process for election and terms of office are also outlined. The President has powers to appoint officials, grant clemency, and act as commander-in-chief of the armed forces.
The document outlines the powers and responsibilities of the President and Vice President of the Philippines according to the 1987 Constitution. Some key points:
- The executive power is vested in the President, who must be a natural-born citizen over 40.
- The Vice President has the same qualifications and is elected jointly with the President.
- The President and Vice President serve 6-year terms and the President cannot serve more than one.
- The President appoints cabinet members and other government officials with congressional approval.
- Presidential powers include commanding armed forces, declaring martial law, granting pardons, and entering treaties with congressional approval.
The document summarizes key aspects of the legislative department under the Philippine Constitution, including:
1. The Senate is composed of 24 senators elected nationwide for six-year terms. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members elected from legislative districts and through a party-list system for three-year terms.
2. Both houses have the power to declare the existence of a state of war with a two-thirds vote, conduct legislative inquiries, and grant emergency powers to the President during times of war or national emergency.
3. The Constitution establishes qualifications for senators and representatives and prohibits certain conflicts of interest. Various types of bills and appropriations are also described.
The document contains summaries of various sections of the Philippine Constitution and other laws. Some key points include:
- In the event that both the President and Vice President are unable to serve, the Senate President becomes the next in line for President until successors are elected.
- The Constitution guarantees rights like speedy trials, access to records, freedom of assembly, and the right to petition the government.
- Only the Chief Justice, Supreme Court justices, COMELEC Chair, and COA Chair can be removed through impeachment. The Sandiganbayan Presiding Justice cannot.
- Sustainable development aims to meet present needs without compromising future generations by balancing economic, social and environmental factors.
The document summarizes edits made to the US Constitution by Group 2. They made changes to articles regarding representation, the Senate, presidential elections, and slavery. For representation, they removed the Three-Fifths Clause and replaced it with a flat 10% income tax. For the Senate, they incorporated the 17th Amendment directly into the original text. For presidential elections, they eliminated the electoral college and added amendments guaranteeing voting rights. They also removed clauses regarding the return of slaves.
This document outlines the provisions for the executive branch of the Philippines government as established in Article 7 of their Constitution. It describes the qualifications and election process for the President and Vice President, their terms of office, line of succession, and restrictions on holding other offices or having conflicts of interest during their tenure.
According to the document, the Philippine Congress consists of two chambers - the Senate and the House of Representatives. It is a bicameral legislative body that exercises legislative power. The Senate has 24 senators serving 6-year terms, with half being elected every 3 years. The House of Representatives has between 250-300 congressmen serving 3-year terms. Both chambers are responsible for creating laws, confirming appointments, and impeaching government officials.
The document outlines the provisions for the Executive Branch in the Philippines Constitution. It describes the powers and qualifications of the President and Vice President, including their terms of office. It also discusses presidential succession, appointments, the president's role as commander-in-chief, diplomatic powers, and other executive authorities and responsibilities. Key powers include commanding armed forces, declaring martial law, vetoing or approving legislation, and appointing public officials. The president's term is 6 years and they may only serve up to two consecutive terms.
This document outlines the three branches of government - legislative, executive, and judiciary - and key principles of separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches. It also summarizes the structure and powers of the Philippine legislative branch based on the country's constitution, including composition of the Senate and House of Representatives, terms of office, privileges of members, legislative process, and presidential veto power over bills.
This document outlines the three branches of government - the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches. It discusses the principles of separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches. It provides details on the structure and powers of the legislative branch based on the Philippine Constitution, including the composition and terms of senators and representatives. It also discusses privileges, qualifications, procedures and powers of the legislative branch.
The Executive Branch is charged with executing and administering a country's laws and setting national policy direction. The President is the head of the Executive Branch and has various powers including:
- Appointing heads of executive departments and other officers, with Commission on Appointments consent for some positions. Appointments can be regular or interim.
- Removing executive officers.
- Controlling executive departments and ensuring laws are faithfully executed.
- Succession rules outline replacement of the President by the Vice President or congressional leaders if necessary. Qualifications, terms, salaries and prohibitions on the President and Vice President are also outlined.
disqualifications of the legislators Students.pptxSamikshaNayak5
This document discusses the qualifications and disqualifications of members of parliament and legislative assemblies in India according to the constitution and other laws. It outlines various grounds for disqualification, including holding an office of profit, unsoundness of mind, being an undischarged insolvent, lack of citizenship, conviction of certain crimes, and defection by switching parties or voting against one's own party. It also discusses related court cases and establishes that speakers act as tribunals in deciding disqualification cases based on defection, and their decisions can be subject to judicial review.
the Legislative dept. LAC DemoTeaching.pptxjovellconde1
The document summarizes a legislative content and pedagogy integration session held on March 2-3, 2021. It discusses the roles and responsibilities of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives based on the 1987 Constitution. It also explains the difference between bills and resolutions, outlining the legislative process of how a bill becomes a law. Examples of recent bills and resolutions are provided and analyzed. The objectives are to differentiate the roles of Senate and House, understand the law making process, and create a proposed bill to help uplift local communities.
The legislative dept. lac demo teachingjovellconde1
The document discusses a legislative department training session that covered the roles and responsibilities of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives in lawmaking. It provides examples of bills and resolutions, explaining that bills are proposed laws while resolutions express principles or sentiments. The legislative process is outlined, from a bill's introduction and committee review, to debates and votes in both chambers, and final submission to the president. Key powers of Congress are also mentioned, such as impeachment, declaring war, oversight of the national budget, and more.
The Executive Branch is charged with executing and administering the country's laws. The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines. The President must be a natural born citizen, registered voter, able to read and write, at least 40 years old, and a resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years prior to election. The President serves a 6-year term and cannot be re-elected. The President has various powers including executive power, power of appointment, power of removal, military powers, pardoning power, and budgetary power. Succession goes to the Vice President if the President is unable to serve, and then to congressional leaders if both offices are vacant.
The document discusses the structure, powers, and limitations of the Philippine Congress based on the 1987 Constitution. It notes that Congress is bicameral, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. Senators serve 6-year terms while Representatives serve 3 years. Congress has the power to make laws, approve the budget, ratify treaties, and override presidential vetoes. Its powers are limited and it cannot pass ex post facto laws or bills of attainder.
This document outlines the qualifications, powers, and appointment process for the President of the Philippines according to the country's constitution. It discusses that the President has executive power and must be a natural born citizen over 40. It also summarizes key powers like appointment (requiring Commission on Appointments confirmation for certain positions) and outlines qualifications for other officials like the Vice President. The document analyzes several Supreme Court cases related to presidential appointments and powers.
The document outlines the powers and duties of the Executive Branch in the Philippines according to Article 7 of the Philippine Constitution. It discusses that the executive power is vested in the President who enforces and administers laws. The President must be a natural born citizen at least 40 years old and resident in the Philippines for 10 years prior to election. The President serves a 6-year term and cannot be reelected. In the event of a vacancy, the Vice President assumes the presidency. The President has various powers including appointment with Commission on Appointments consent, removal, control of executive departments, and military powers like suspension of habeas corpus and declaration of martial law in times of invasion or rebellion.
The document summarizes the branches of the Philippine government - the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches. It describes the principle of separation of powers, where each branch has separate functions and checks the others. It then details provisions in the Philippine Constitution related to the structure and powers of the legislative branch, including the composition and roles of the Senate and House of Representatives.
3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT.pdfDM Silongan
The document discusses the three branches of the Philippine government: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. It provides details on the structure and powers of each branch. The executive branch is headed by the President and includes cabinet secretaries. The legislative branch is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives, and is responsible for creating laws. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court and settles legal disputes. Power is separated among these three branches to form a system of checks and balances.
The document summarizes the three branches of the Philippine government according to the 1987 Constitution: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. It describes the principle of separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches. Specifically regarding the legislative and executive branches:
The legislative branch is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is both head of state and head of government, and assisted by the Vice President. Qualifications, terms of office, powers, and impeachment processes are outlined for the President, Vice President, and members of Congress.
The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators elected to six-year terms, with half elected every three years. Senators must be natural-born citizens at least 35 years old who can read and write, are registered voters, and have lived in the Philippines for at least two years prior to the election. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members with three-year terms, and members can serve up to three consecutive terms. Congress exercises legislative powers like passing bills, oversight of the executive branch, and some non-legislative powers like impeachment and confirmation of appointments.
The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators elected to six-year terms, with half elected every three years. Senators must be natural-born citizens at least 35 years old who can read and write, are registered voters, and have lived in the Philippines for at least two years prior to the election. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members with three-year terms. Congress exercises legislative powers like passing bills, oversight of the executive, and impeachment. It also confirms presidential appointments and approves treaties.
Sorry for poor quality of title and subtitles. My assigned font was not recognized by SlideShare.
IF YOU WANT TO DOWNLOAD THIS PPT, GO TO THIS LINK http://b68f3c0e.linkbucks.com
The document discusses the legislative branch of the Philippine government. It notes that the legislative branch is responsible for making, deliberating on, amending, and repealing laws. The Philippine Congress is the country's bicameral legislative department, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. Senators serve 6-year terms and Representatives serve 3-year terms. The document outlines the powers of Congress and the process for how a bill becomes a law, which involves readings in both the House and Senate and approval by the President.
The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators elected to six-year terms, with half elected every three years. Senators must be natural-born citizens at least 35 years old who can read and write, are registered voters, and have lived in the Philippines for at least two years prior to the election. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members with three-year terms. Congress has legislative powers like passing bills, oversight of the executive branch, and confirming appointments. It also has non-legislative powers like impeachment and advising and consenting to treaties.
This document outlines the accountability of public officers under the Philippine Constitution. It discusses the nature of public office and the powers and duties of office holders. It also describes the qualifications, appointment process, and powers of the Office of the Ombudsman, which is tasked with investigating complaints against public officials and acts as a watchdog over the government. Public officers are expected to serve the people with integrity and be accountable to prevent corruption and abuse of power.
The document outlines the provisions for the Executive Branch in the Philippines Constitution. It describes the powers and qualifications of the President and Vice President, including their terms of office. It also discusses presidential succession, appointments, the president's role as commander-in-chief, diplomatic powers, and other executive authorities and responsibilities. Key powers include commanding armed forces, declaring martial law, vetoing or approving legislation, and appointing public officials. The president's term is 6 years and they may only serve up to two consecutive terms.
This document outlines the three branches of government - legislative, executive, and judiciary - and key principles of separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches. It also summarizes the structure and powers of the Philippine legislative branch based on the country's constitution, including composition of the Senate and House of Representatives, terms of office, privileges of members, legislative process, and presidential veto power over bills.
This document outlines the three branches of government - the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches. It discusses the principles of separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches. It provides details on the structure and powers of the legislative branch based on the Philippine Constitution, including the composition and terms of senators and representatives. It also discusses privileges, qualifications, procedures and powers of the legislative branch.
The Executive Branch is charged with executing and administering a country's laws and setting national policy direction. The President is the head of the Executive Branch and has various powers including:
- Appointing heads of executive departments and other officers, with Commission on Appointments consent for some positions. Appointments can be regular or interim.
- Removing executive officers.
- Controlling executive departments and ensuring laws are faithfully executed.
- Succession rules outline replacement of the President by the Vice President or congressional leaders if necessary. Qualifications, terms, salaries and prohibitions on the President and Vice President are also outlined.
disqualifications of the legislators Students.pptxSamikshaNayak5
This document discusses the qualifications and disqualifications of members of parliament and legislative assemblies in India according to the constitution and other laws. It outlines various grounds for disqualification, including holding an office of profit, unsoundness of mind, being an undischarged insolvent, lack of citizenship, conviction of certain crimes, and defection by switching parties or voting against one's own party. It also discusses related court cases and establishes that speakers act as tribunals in deciding disqualification cases based on defection, and their decisions can be subject to judicial review.
the Legislative dept. LAC DemoTeaching.pptxjovellconde1
The document summarizes a legislative content and pedagogy integration session held on March 2-3, 2021. It discusses the roles and responsibilities of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives based on the 1987 Constitution. It also explains the difference between bills and resolutions, outlining the legislative process of how a bill becomes a law. Examples of recent bills and resolutions are provided and analyzed. The objectives are to differentiate the roles of Senate and House, understand the law making process, and create a proposed bill to help uplift local communities.
The legislative dept. lac demo teachingjovellconde1
The document discusses a legislative department training session that covered the roles and responsibilities of the Philippine Senate and House of Representatives in lawmaking. It provides examples of bills and resolutions, explaining that bills are proposed laws while resolutions express principles or sentiments. The legislative process is outlined, from a bill's introduction and committee review, to debates and votes in both chambers, and final submission to the president. Key powers of Congress are also mentioned, such as impeachment, declaring war, oversight of the national budget, and more.
The Executive Branch is charged with executing and administering the country's laws. The executive power is vested in the President of the Philippines. The President must be a natural born citizen, registered voter, able to read and write, at least 40 years old, and a resident of the Philippines for at least 10 years prior to election. The President serves a 6-year term and cannot be re-elected. The President has various powers including executive power, power of appointment, power of removal, military powers, pardoning power, and budgetary power. Succession goes to the Vice President if the President is unable to serve, and then to congressional leaders if both offices are vacant.
The document discusses the structure, powers, and limitations of the Philippine Congress based on the 1987 Constitution. It notes that Congress is bicameral, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. Senators serve 6-year terms while Representatives serve 3 years. Congress has the power to make laws, approve the budget, ratify treaties, and override presidential vetoes. Its powers are limited and it cannot pass ex post facto laws or bills of attainder.
This document outlines the qualifications, powers, and appointment process for the President of the Philippines according to the country's constitution. It discusses that the President has executive power and must be a natural born citizen over 40. It also summarizes key powers like appointment (requiring Commission on Appointments confirmation for certain positions) and outlines qualifications for other officials like the Vice President. The document analyzes several Supreme Court cases related to presidential appointments and powers.
The document outlines the powers and duties of the Executive Branch in the Philippines according to Article 7 of the Philippine Constitution. It discusses that the executive power is vested in the President who enforces and administers laws. The President must be a natural born citizen at least 40 years old and resident in the Philippines for 10 years prior to election. The President serves a 6-year term and cannot be reelected. In the event of a vacancy, the Vice President assumes the presidency. The President has various powers including appointment with Commission on Appointments consent, removal, control of executive departments, and military powers like suspension of habeas corpus and declaration of martial law in times of invasion or rebellion.
The document summarizes the branches of the Philippine government - the legislative, executive, and judiciary branches. It describes the principle of separation of powers, where each branch has separate functions and checks the others. It then details provisions in the Philippine Constitution related to the structure and powers of the legislative branch, including the composition and roles of the Senate and House of Representatives.
3 BRANCHES OF THE PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT.pdfDM Silongan
The document discusses the three branches of the Philippine government: the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. It provides details on the structure and powers of each branch. The executive branch is headed by the President and includes cabinet secretaries. The legislative branch is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives, and is responsible for creating laws. The judicial branch is headed by the Supreme Court and settles legal disputes. Power is separated among these three branches to form a system of checks and balances.
The document summarizes the three branches of the Philippine government according to the 1987 Constitution: the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. It describes the principle of separation of powers and checks and balances between the branches. Specifically regarding the legislative and executive branches:
The legislative branch is bicameral, consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives. The executive branch is headed by the President, who is both head of state and head of government, and assisted by the Vice President. Qualifications, terms of office, powers, and impeachment processes are outlined for the President, Vice President, and members of Congress.
The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators elected to six-year terms, with half elected every three years. Senators must be natural-born citizens at least 35 years old who can read and write, are registered voters, and have lived in the Philippines for at least two years prior to the election. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members with three-year terms, and members can serve up to three consecutive terms. Congress exercises legislative powers like passing bills, oversight of the executive branch, and some non-legislative powers like impeachment and confirmation of appointments.
The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators elected to six-year terms, with half elected every three years. Senators must be natural-born citizens at least 35 years old who can read and write, are registered voters, and have lived in the Philippines for at least two years prior to the election. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members with three-year terms. Congress exercises legislative powers like passing bills, oversight of the executive, and impeachment. It also confirms presidential appointments and approves treaties.
Sorry for poor quality of title and subtitles. My assigned font was not recognized by SlideShare.
IF YOU WANT TO DOWNLOAD THIS PPT, GO TO THIS LINK http://b68f3c0e.linkbucks.com
The document discusses the legislative branch of the Philippine government. It notes that the legislative branch is responsible for making, deliberating on, amending, and repealing laws. The Philippine Congress is the country's bicameral legislative department, composed of the Senate and House of Representatives. Senators serve 6-year terms and Representatives serve 3-year terms. The document outlines the powers of Congress and the process for how a bill becomes a law, which involves readings in both the House and Senate and approval by the President.
The Philippine Congress is divided into two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate has 24 senators elected to six-year terms, with half elected every three years. Senators must be natural-born citizens at least 35 years old who can read and write, are registered voters, and have lived in the Philippines for at least two years prior to the election. The House of Representatives has no more than 250 members with three-year terms. Congress has legislative powers like passing bills, oversight of the executive branch, and confirming appointments. It also has non-legislative powers like impeachment and advising and consenting to treaties.
This document outlines the accountability of public officers under the Philippine Constitution. It discusses the nature of public office and the powers and duties of office holders. It also describes the qualifications, appointment process, and powers of the Office of the Ombudsman, which is tasked with investigating complaints against public officials and acts as a watchdog over the government. Public officers are expected to serve the people with integrity and be accountable to prevent corruption and abuse of power.
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
What are the common challenges faced by women lawyers working in the legal pr...lawyersonia
The legal profession, which has historically been male-dominated, has experienced a significant increase in the number of women entering the field over the past few decades. Despite this progress, women lawyers continue to encounter various challenges as they strive for top positions.
Genocide in International Criminal Law.pptxMasoudZamani13
Excited to share insights from my recent presentation on genocide! 💡 In light of ongoing debates, it's crucial to delve into the nuances of this grave crime.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...Massimo Talia
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
This document briefly explains the June compliance calendar 2024 with income tax returns, PF, ESI, and important due dates, forms to be filled out, periods, and who should file them?.
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह भी माना था कि मजिस्ट्रेट का यह कर्तव्य है कि वह सुनिश्चित करे कि अधिकारी पीएमएलए के तहत निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के साथ-साथ संवैधानिक सुरक्षा उपायों का भी उचित रूप से पालन करें।
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government LiaisonMattGardner52
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
2. Executive Department
The Congress shall, at ten o’clock in the morning of the third day after the vacancy in the
offices of the President and Vice-President occurs, convene in accordance with its rules
without need of a call and within seven days, enact a law calling for a special election to
elect a President and a Vice-President to be held not earlier than forty-five days nor later
than sixty days from the time of such call. The bill calling such special election shall be
deemed certified under paragraph 2, Section 26, Article VI of this Constitution and shall
become law upon its approval on third reading by the Congress. Appropriations for the
special election shall be charged against any current appropriations and shall be exempt
from the requirements of paragraph 4, Section 25, Article VI of this Constitution. The
convening of the Congress cannot be suspended nor the special election postponed. No
special election shall be called if the vacancy occurs within eighteen months before the
date of the next presidential election.
Section 10
3. Election of President and Vice-President after vacancy: Procedure
1. Congress shall convene 3 days after the vacancy in the offices of both the President and the VP,
without need of a call. The convening of Congress cannot be suspended.
2. Within 7 days after convening, Congress shall enact a law calling for a special election to elect a
President and a VP. The special election cannot be postponed.
3. The requirement of three readings on separate days under Sec. 26(2), Art VI shall not apply to a bill
calling for a special election. The law shall be deemed enacted upon its approval on third reading.
4. The special election shall be held within 45-60 days from the time of the enactment of the law.
Limitation: No special election shall be called if the vacancy occurs within 18 months before the date of
the next presidential election
Section 10
Vacancy in the Offices of both the President and Vice-President
4. Executive Department
Whenever the President transmits to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the
House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and
duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such
powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice-President as Acting President.
Whenever a majority of all the Members of the Cabinet transmit to the President of the
Senate and to the Speaker of the House of Representatives their written declaration that the
President is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Vice-President shall
immediately assume the powers and duties of the office as Acting President.
Section 11
5. Executive Department
Thereafter, when the President transmits to the President of the Senate and to the
Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that no inability exists, he
shall reassume the powers and duties of his office. Meanwhile, should a majority of all the
Members of the Cabinet transmit within five days to the President of the Senate and to the
Speaker of the House of Representatives, their written declaration that the President is
unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, the Congress shall decide the issue.
For that purpose, the Congress shall convene, if it is not in session, within forty-eight
hours, in accordance with its rules and without need of call.
If the Congress, within ten days after receipt of the last written declaration, or, if not in
session, within twelve days after it is required to assemble, determines by a two-thirds
vote of both Houses, voting separately, that the President is unable to discharge the powers
and duties of his office, the Vice-President shall act as President; otherwise, the President
shall continue exercising the powers and duties of his office.
Section 11
6. It may be raised:
1. By the President himself, when he sends a written declaration to the Senate
President and the Speaker of the House. In this case, the Vice-President will be
Acting President until the President transmits a written declaration to the
contrary.
2. When a majority of all Cabinet members transmit to the Senate President and the
Speaker of the House their written declaration. The VP will immediately assume
the powers and duties of the office as Acting President
In the event of disagreement between the President and the Cabinet, by a finding of
Congress by 2/3 vote that the President is disabled.
Section 11
Temporary Disability of the President to discharge his duties
7. Scenarios After Disability is Relayed in the Congress:
1. If the President transmits a written declaration that he is not disabled, he
reassumes his position.
2. If within 5 days after the President re-assumes his position, the majority of the
Cabinet transmits their written declaration to the contrary, Congress shall decide
the issue. In this event, Congress shall convene within 48 hours if it is not in
session, without heed of a call
3. Within 10 days after Congress is required to assemble, or 12 days if Congress is
not in session, a 2/3 majority of both Houses, voting separately, is needed to find
the President temporarily disabled, in which case, the VP will be Acting
President.
Section 11
8. The petitioner questioned the respondent’s right to succeed him as President. He alleged
that he left Malacañang only to defuse the tension building up among the demonstrators at Edsa who
were then demanding his resignation. The petitioner denied that he had resigned and said he had
every intention to return after the disturbances shall have ended but was prevented from doing so.
RULING:
“Congress has the ultimate authority under the Constitution to determine whether the President is
incapable of performing his functions.” Both houses of Congress have recognized respondent Arroyo as the
President. Despite receipt of the letter from the President that he is merely “on leave”, the House of
Representative passed a resolution expressing support into assumption into office by then VP Arroyo as
President.
Implicitly clear in that recognition is the premise that the inability of petitioner Estrada is no longer
temporary. Congress has clearly rejected petitioner’s claim of inability. Even if petitioner can prove that he did
not resign, still, he cannot successfully claim that he is a President on leave on the ground that he is merely
unable to govern temporarily. That claim has been laid to rest by Congress and the decision that respondent
Arroyo is the de jure President made by a co-equal branch of government cannot be reviewed by the Supreme
Court.
Section 11
Estrada vs Gloria Macapagal Arroyo
G.R. No. 146738 March 2, 2001
9. Executive Department
In case of serious illness of the President, the public shall be
informed of the state of his health. The members of the Cabinet in charge
of national security and foreign relations and the Chief of Staff of the
Armed Forces of the Philippines, shall not be denied access to the President
during such illness.
Section 12
10. General Rules:
If the President is seriously ill, the public must be informed thereof.
During such illness, the following shall not be denied access to the
President:
(a) National Security Adviser
(b) Secretary of Foreign Affairs
(c) Chief of Staff of the AFP
Section 12
Presidential Illness
11. • Petitioner alleged that the President has been absent from several arrangements due to health reasons and
also had prolonged absences from public view. He averred that the president looked incoherent during the
COVID-19 live press conferences on March 12, 2020.
• In response to his request, the Malacanang Records Office (MRO) sent to him an electronic mail dated March
13, 2020 stating that it is unable to provide the information requested. MRO explained that the records
requested are neither on file not in its possession and that it shall accommodate petitioner’s request as soon as
the requested information becomes available for release.
• Petitioner allegedly failed to get a response from the MRO despite follow-ups
Issue:
Whether or not the petition filed is within the ambit of Section 12, Article Vll
Section 12
De Leon vs Duterte
G.R. No. 252118 May 8, 2020
12. Ruling:
The petitioner failed to establish the existence of a clear legal right that was violated.
The alleged claims are merely based on what he perceived from the online news articles discussing the
President's illnesses. Worse, these news articles are, as the Court has consistently ruled, characterized as "hearsay
evidence, twice removed, and are thus without any probative value, unless offered for a purpose other than
proving the truth of the matter asserted.
` The Court also deems it proper to emphasize that in the recent months, the President has been visibly holding
regular cabinet meetings, belying petitioner's insinuation that the President is suffering from serious illnesses.
Further, the President's regular televised addresses to the nation as regards the government's response to the
COVlD-19 pandemic show that the President has been actively performing his official duties. Apparently,
petitioner's allegation that the President is seriously ill is unsubstantiated and is based merely on petitioner's
surmises and conjectures regarding his perception of the declining health of the President.
Section 12
De Leon vs Duterte
G.R. No. 252118 May 8, 2020
13. LEONEN, J. (dissenting)
The president should maintain fealty to the people he represents. The
Constitution, in my view, requires that upon demand and, even on his own, respondent
should publish a regular and official medical bulletin from doctors of his own choice.
Anything should of this violates the constitutional proscription against the right of the
people to matters of public concern. It is suggestive of obfuscation and an intent to hide the
true state of his health.
“In my view, the publication of a regular and official medical bulletin pertaining to
the health of the Chief of Executive, who is also the Commander-in-Chief and the
Head of the State, especially during a period of national emergency, is of such
negligible burden for a President who run under a platform of persistent and
courageous transparency .”
Section 12
De Leon vs Duterte
G.R. No. 252118 May 8, 2020
14. CAGUIOA, J. (dissenting)
Sec 12, Article VII of the Constitution is a self-executing provision and needs
no implementing action from the Legislature. I t cannot be superseded, as
intimated by some members of the majority, by supposed contrary
provisions in the Data Privacy Act, and its allied issuances.
Sec 12, Article VII is a positive duty on the part of the Office of the President
to inform the public of the state of the President’s health in case of serious
illness. The OP is tasked with the initial determination of whether the state of
facts warrant disclosure and is afforded the latitude for discretion only as to
the manner of disclosure, while it is the Court that has the power and duty to
construe what a “serious illness” is that triggers Section 12.
Section 12
De Leon vs Duterte
G.R. No. 252118 May 8, 2020