The document provides an overview of the International System of Units (SI) used in scientific measurements worldwide, highlighting its basic units such as meters, grams, liters, and seconds, along with common prefixes. It explains the method for converting between metric units and includes explanation for various temperature scales and methods for measuring mass and volume. Additionally, the document outlines practical exercises and temperature comparisons to reinforce these concepts.

1. SCIENTIFIC
SCIENTIFIC
MEASUREMENT
MEASUREMENT
International System of Units
International System of Units (SI) -
(SI) -
measurement system used by scientists
measurement system used by scientists
around the world to express
around the world to express
measurements made in scientific
measurements made in scientific
investigations [the Metric System].
investigations [the Metric System].
[THE METRIC SYSTEM]

2.  Scientists
Scientists all over the world
all over the world know and
know and
use the metric system.
use the metric system.

3.  Below is a list of the basic units of
Below is a list of the basic units of
the
the metric system
metric system (SI system) and
(SI system) and
the commonly used prefixes with
the commonly used prefixes with
their meanings.
their meanings.

4. What units are used when
What units are used when
measuring objects?
measuring objects?
 Basic SI units:
Basic SI units:
– meters (m) -
meters (m) - length
length
– grams (g) -
grams (g) - mass
mass
– liters (L) –
liters (L) – volume
volume
– seconds (s) –
seconds (s) – time
time
– Celsius degree (
Celsius degree (o
o
C.) –
C.) –
temperature
temperature
 Prefixes: see table
Prefixes: see table →
→
 The metric system is used
The metric system is used
for
for all over the world
all over the world
(
(except
except the USA)
the USA)
 Used for
Used for all
all SCIENTIFIC
SCIENTIFIC
measurements (incl. the
measurements (incl. the
USA)
USA)
 SI
SI stands for…
stands for…
Systeme Internationale
Systeme Internationale

5. BASIC UNITS OF THE
BASIC UNITS OF THE
METRIC SYSTEM
METRIC SYSTEM
BASIC UNIT
BASIC UNIT PROPERTY
PROPERTY
MEASURED
MEASURED
meter (m)
meter (m) length
length
gram (g)
gram (g) Mass
Mass
liter (L)
liter (L) Volume
Volume
second (s)
second (s) Time
Time
Celsius degree (C
Celsius degree (Co
o
)
) temperature
temperature

6. COMMON PREFIXES AND
COMMON PREFIXES AND
THEIR MEANINGS
THEIR MEANINGS
PREFIX
PREFIX
(abbreviation)
(abbreviation)
MEANING
MEANING
kilo – (k)
kilo – (k) 1,000 ( 1 thousand)
1,000 ( 1 thousand)
hecto – (h)
hecto – (h) 100 (1 hundred)
100 (1 hundred)
deca- or deka- (da or
deca- or deka- (da or
dk)
dk)
10 (ten)
10 (ten)
deci- (d)
deci- (d) 0.1 ( tenth)
0.1 ( tenth)
centi- (c)
centi- (c) 0.01 (1 hundreth)
0.01 (1 hundreth)
milli- (m)
milli- (m) 0.001 (1 thousandth)
0.001 (1 thousandth)

7. How are we going to
How are we going to
remember this???
remember this???
 King
King
 Henry’s
Henry’s
 darned
darned
 MONEY (GOLD, LOOT)
MONEY (GOLD, LOOT)
 didn’t
didn’t
 come
come
 Monday.
Monday.

8. How do we convert in the
How do we convert in the
Metric system?
Metric system?
 Walk along the “Metric Sidewalk…..”
Walk along the “Metric Sidewalk…..”

9. THE METRIC SIDEWALK:
THE METRIC SIDEWALK:
k h da or dk (unit) d c m
-Move decimal point to the
Move decimal point to the RIGHT
RIGHT
if you walk to the RIGHT.
if you walk to the RIGHT.
- Move the decimal point to the
Move the decimal point to the
LEFT if you walk to the
LEFT if you walk to the LEFT
LEFT.
.

10. PRACTICE:
PRACTICE:
1.
1. 23.675 cm = _____________ hm
23.675 cm = _____________ hm
2.
2. 56 dm = _____________ cm
56 dm = _____________ cm
3.
3. 14.356 mg = _____________ hg
14.356 mg = _____________ hg
4.
4. 12 kL = _____________ L
12 kL = _____________ L
5.
5. 6.98 hg = _____________ mg
6.98 hg = _____________ mg
6.
6. 9 m = _____________ km
9 m = _____________ km
7.
7. 6.854 cL = _____________ kL
6.854 cL = _____________ kL
0.0023675
560
0.00014356
12,000
698,000
0.009
0.00006854

11. More Practice:
More Practice:
8.
8. 3.65 mg = _____________ dg
3.65 mg = _____________ dg
9.
9. 9.987 g = _____________ hg
9.987 g = _____________ hg
10.
10. 12.203 km = _____________ mm
12.203 km = _____________ mm
0.0365
0.09987
12,203,000

12. More Practice! Quiz
Tomorrow!!!
 1. 8.92 m = ________________ cm
 2. 5000 cm = _______________ m
 3. 5 km = __________________ m
 4. 39,000 hm = _____________ m

13. Even more practice!
 Kim and Meghan live on opposite
sides of town. On Sundays they ride
their bicycles and meet at the soccer
field. Kim rides 2.3 km, and Meghan
rides 2129 m.
– (a) Who has the longer ride? __________
– (b) How did you figure this out.

14. Temperature Scales
Temperature Scales
 Fahrenheit – used in USA
Fahrenheit – used in USA
 FP of water = 32
FP of water = 32 o
o
F.
F.
 BP of water = 212
BP of water = 212 o
o
F.
F.
 Room temp. = 67
Room temp. = 67 o
o
F.
F.
 Body temp. = 98.6
Body temp. = 98.6 o
o
F.
F.

15. Temperature Scales
Temperature Scales
 Celsius (Centigrade) – used
Celsius (Centigrade) – used
everywhere else
everywhere else
 FP of water = 0
FP of water = 0 o
o
C.
C.
 BP of water = 100
BP of water = 100 o
o
C.
C.
 Room temp. = 20
Room temp. = 20 o
o
C.
C.
 Body temp. = 37
Body temp. = 37 o
o
C.
C.

16. Temperature Scales
Temperature Scales
 Kelvin – degrees above
Kelvin – degrees above absolute zero
absolute zero
 FP of water = 273
FP of water = 273 o
o
C.
C.
 BP of water = 373
BP of water = 373 o
o
C.
C.
 0 K = -273
0 K = -273 o
o
C.
C.
 O K = -460
O K = -460 o
o
F.
F.

17. Measuring Mass
Measuring Mass
 Triple-beam balance
Triple-beam balance
 First zero the balance
First zero the balance
 Move sliders; make it balance
Move sliders; make it balance
 Measure to nearest 0.01 g
Measure to nearest 0.01 g

18. How could you measure
How could you measure
the
the mass
mass of a liquid?
of a liquid?
 Step 1 –
Step 1 –
 Step 2 –
Step 2 –
 Step 3 –
Step 3 –
 Step 4 –
Step 4 –
 Step 5 –
Step 5 –
 Meas. mass of
Meas. mass of
grad. cylinder
grad. cylinder
 Put liq. in
Put liq. in
 Meas. mass of
Meas. mass of
grad. cyl. plus liq.
grad. cyl. plus liq.
 Subtract
Subtract
 Add correct units
Add correct units

19. Measuring Volume of a liquid
Measuring Volume of a liquid
 Graduated cylinder
Graduated cylinder
 NOT a beaker!!!!!
NOT a beaker!!!!!
 Read at eye level
Read at eye level
 Bottom of meniscus
Bottom of meniscus
 1 ml = 1 cm
1 ml = 1 cm3
3

20. Measuring Volume of a solid
Measuring Volume of a solid
 Cube: V = l
Cube: V = l3
3
 Right rectangular prism: V = l w h
Right rectangular prism: V = l w h
 Cylinder: V = (4/3)
Cylinder: V = (4/3) π
π r
r2
2
h
h
 Cone:
Cone: V = (1/3)
V = (1/3) π
π r
r2
2
h
h
 Sphere: V = (4/3)
Sphere: V = (4/3) π
π r
r3
3
 Irregular solid: use the water
Irregular solid: use the water
displacement method!
displacement method!