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- 1. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Scientific Diving Scientific Diving Scientific diving is defined (29 CFR 1910.402) as diving performed solely as a necessary part of a scientific, research, or educational activity by employees whose sole purpose for diving is to perform scientific research tasks.
- 2. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving History History In 1982, OSHA exempted scientific diving from commercial diving regulations (29 CFR Part 1910, Subpart T) under certain conditions which are outlined below. The final guidelines for the exemption became effective in 1985 (Federal Register, Vol. 50, No.6, p.1046) The AAUS is recognized by OSHA as the scientific diving standard setting organization.
- 3. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving History Of Exemption History Of Exemption 1975 - Petition filed by United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. AFL-CIO. • Urged an emergency temporary standard (ETS) be issued with respect to diving operations. • ETS issued on June 15, 1976 to be effective July 15, 1976. Challenged in U. S. Court of Appeals by several diving contractors • ETS withdrawn in November 1976 and permanent standard was formulated.
- 4. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving History Of Exemption History Of Exemption Final Standard for Commercial Diving became effective October 20, 1977. • Scientific diving was not exempted • American Academy of Underwater Sciences (AAUS) was formed to petition OSHA for an exemption. • Submitted arguments for ANPR on October 15. 1979 - Self regulation - Consensual standard for over 20 years - Low accident incidence rate. Final Ruling granting exemption effective November 28, 1982.
- 5. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Scientific Diving Exemption Scientific Diving Exemption 29CFR 1910.401(2)(iv) 29CFR 1910.401(2)(iv) Defined as scientific diving and which is under the direction and control of a diving program containing at least the following elements: 1. A diving safety manual which includes at a minimum: Procedures covering all diving operations specific to the program; including procedures for emergency care, recompression and evacuation; and the criteria for diver training and certification.
- 6. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Scientific Diving Exemption Scientific Diving Exemption 29CFR 1910.401(2)(iv) 29CFR 1910.401(2)(iv) 2. Diving control (safety) board, with the majority of its members being active scientific divers, which shall at a minimum have the authority to: approve and monitor diving projects, review and revise the diving safety manual, assure compliance with the manual, certify the depths to which a diver has been trained, take disciplinary action for unsafe practices, and assure adherence to the buddy system (a diver is accompanied by and is in continuous contact with another diver in the water) for scuba diving.
- 7. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Guidelines for Scientific Guidelines for Scientific Diving Diving Appendix B to Subpart T Appendix B to Subpart T OSHA has granted an exemption for scientific diving from commercial diving regulations under the following guidelines (Appendix B to Subpart T): 1. The Diving Control Board consists of a majority of active scientific divers and has autonomous and absolute authority over the scientific diving program's operation.
- 8. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Guidelines for Scientific Guidelines for Scientific Diving Diving Appendix B to Subpart T Appendix B to Subpart T 2. The purpose of the project using scientific diving is the advancement of science; therefore, information and data resulting from the project are non- proprietary. 3. The tasks of a scientific diver are those of an observer and data gatherer. Construction and trouble- shooting tasks traditionally associated with commercial diving are not included within scientific diving
- 9. * Dedicated tothe advancement and practice of scientific diving Guidelines for Scientific Guidelines for Scientific Diving Diving Appendix B to Subpart T Appendix B to Subpart T 4. Scientific divers, based on the nature of their activities, must use scientific expertise in studying the underwater environment and therefore, are scientists or scientists-in-training.
- 10. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving American Academy of American Academy of Underwater Sciences Underwater Sciences Incorporated in California in 1983 Active since before the OSHA exemption of 1982. Currently over 50 member organizations 430 Nahant Road, Nahant, MA 01908 781-581-7370 x334 Phone 781-581-6076 Fax aaus@neu.edu www.aaus.org
- 11. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving AAUS Member Organizations AAUS Member Organizations Aquarium For Wildlife Conservation Aquarium Of The Americas Aquatic Research Institute Aubrey Consulting Inc. Bermuda Biological Station for Research California State University Caribbean Marine Research Center Dauphin Island Sea Lab Duke University, School of the Environment Duke/UNC Oceanographic Consortium East Carolina University Florida International University Florida Marine Research Institute Florida State University Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution Humboldt State University Long Beach Aquarium of the Pacific Louisiana Univ. Marine Consortium Marine Biological Laboratory MBC Applied Environmental Sciences Minerals Management Service, USDI Monterey Bay Aquarium Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Inst. Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Northeastern University Oregon State University Prince William Sound Science Center R. Christopher Goodwin & Associates, Inc. Rutgers University Saint Mary’s College San Diego State University Scripps Institution of Oceanography Seattle University Smithsonian Institution Stanford University Texas A&M University at Galveston Texas Parks & Wildlife Department Texas State Aquarium The Florida Aquarium UCLA University of Alaska, Fairbanks University of California at Berkeley University of California at Davis University of California, Santa Cruz University of Connecticut University of Florida University of Georgia University of Guam University of Hawaii University of Maine University of Miami-RSMAS University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University of North Carolina at Wilmington University of Rhode Island University of South Florida University of Texas at Austin University of Washington Virginia Institute of Marine Science Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
- 12. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Purposes and Goals Purposes and Goals To develop, review and revise standards for safe scientific diving certification and the safe operation of scientific diving programs; To collect, review and distribute statistics relating to scientific diving activities and scientific diving incidents; To conduct symposia and workshops to educate the membership and others in safe scientific diving programs and practices;
- 13. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Purposes and Goals Purposes and Goals To represent the scientific diving interests of the membership before other organizations and government agencies; and, To fund research, education and development of safe scientific diving programs and practices.
- 14. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Standards for Scientific Diving Standards for Scientific Diving Certification Certification And Operation of Scientific Diving And Operation of Scientific Diving Programs Programs These standards were developed and written by the AAUS by compiling the policies set forth in the diving manuals of several university, private, and governmental scientific diving programs. These programs share a common heritage with the scientific diving program at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). Adherence to the SIO standards has proven both feasible and effective in protecting the health and safety of scientific divers since 1954.
- 15. Dedicated to theadvancement and practice of scientific diving Research Research vs. Scientific vs. Scientific Diver (Rec.) Diver (Rec.) Diver (AAUS) Diver (AAUS) PRACTICAL TRAINING ONLY TRAINING VARIES WITH AGENCY VARIABLE # OF TRAINING DIVES NO MEDICAL LIFETIME CERT INDEPENDENT INSTRUCTION OSHA DEFINED AAUS TRAINING STANDARDS AAUS MEDICAL REQUIRED 100 HOURS TRAINING MUST MAINTAIN SD STATUS SCIENTIFIC DIVING PROGRAM EMERGENCY TRAINING REQUIRED