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1. RUMAH GADANG
Rumah gadang is the traditional house of Minangkabau, an ethnic group indigeneous to the
highlands of West Sumatera.
Its architecture, construction, decoration and functions of the house reflect the culture and
values of Minangkabau people. The house is largely constructed of wood and has a dramatic
curved roof structure. Every aspect of the house has a symbolic significance related to
Minangkabau belief and law. The upward-curved finials (gonjong) on the peaks of the roof, said
to represent buffalo horns, symbolize reaching heaven. The walls on the front and back
elevations (dindiang tapi), symbolize the strength and utility of the community. The arrangement
of rooms in the house is seen as a reflection of a woman’s life pattern, forming a journey from
the central post to the public area (anjuang), the bedrooms (biliak) and lastly to the kitchen.
Minangkabau people traditionally embellish the wooden walls, pillars and ceilings with bas-relief
carved wooden motifs that reflect and symbolize their belief. The motifs consist of profuse floral
designs based on a simple underlying geometric structure and they are similar to those of the
Minangkabau woven songket textiles.