This document outlines rules regarding actions by and against executors and administrators. It discusses what actions may be brought directly against an executor or administrator, including recovery of property/interests, lien enforcement, and tort damages claims. Claims for money, debt or interest cannot be brought directly. The executor or administrator may bring or defend actions that survive a deceased person. Heirs cannot sue until their share is assigned. An executor may compound debts with court approval. A mortgage due the estate can be foreclosed without special authority. The probate court has limited authority over ownership disputes. A person entrusted with an estate can be compelled to render an account, and embezzlement before letters are issued results in double liability. Creditors may bring

1. RULE 87
ACTIONS BY AND
AGAINST
EXECUTORS AND
ADMINISTRATORS

2. SECTION 1
Actions which may and
which may not be brought
against executor or
administrator.

3. ACTIONS THAT MAY BE BROUGHT DIRECTLY
AGAINST THE EXECUTOR AND ADMINISTRATOR:
 Recovery of real/personal property or any
interest therein from the estate.
 Enforcement of a lien thereon.
 Action to recover damages arising from tort.

4. ACTIONS THAT MAY NOT BE BROUGHT AGAINST
EXECUTOR OR ADMINISTRATOR:
Claims for the recovery of
 money
 debt
 interest

5. SECTION 2
Executor or administrator
may bring or defend actions
which survive.

6. ACTIONS MAY BE BROUGHT BY THE EXECUTOR
OR ADMINISTRATOR
Recovery or protection of the property or rights
of the deceased, action for causes which
survive.

7. SECTION 3
Heirs may not sue until
share assigned.

8. HEIRS MAY NOT SUE UNTIL SHARE ASSIGNED
Before distribution is made or before any
residue is known, the heirs and devisees
have no cause of action against the executor
or administrator for recovery of the property
left by the decedent.

9. SECTION 4
Executor or administrator may
compound with debtor.

10. EXECUTOR OR ADMINISTRATOR MAY
COMPOUND WITH DEBTOR
With the approval of the court, an executor or
administrator may compound with the debtor
of the deceased for a debt due, and may give
a discharge of such debt on receiving a just
dividend of the estate of the debtor.

11. SECTION 5
Mortgage due estate
may be foreclosed.
 There is no need of a
special authority from
the court for the
administrator or
executor to bring an
action for foreclosure
on behalf of the estate.

12. SECTION 6
Proceedings when property
concealed, embezzled, or
fraudulently conveyed.

13. GENERAL RULE: (SEC. 6)
The probate court has no
authority to decide
whether or not the
properties belong to the
estate or to the person
being examined since
probate courts are courts
of limited jurisdiction.
Exceptions:
 Provisional
determination of
ownership for inclusion
in the inventory;
 Submission to the
court’s jurisdiction.

14. SECTION 7
Person entrusted with estate
compelled to render
account.

15. SECTION 8
Embezzlement before
letters issued.

16. EMBEZZLEMENT BEFORE LETTERS ISSUED
The responsible person shall be liable to an
action in favor of the executor or
administrator of the estate for double the
value of the property sold.

17. SECTION 9
Property fraudulently conveyed
by deceased may be
recovered. When executor or
administrator must bring
action.

18. REQUISITES: (SEC. 9)
1. Application of the creditors;
2. Payment of cost and expenses; and
3. Give security therefore to the executor or
administrator.

19. SECTION 10
When creditor may bring action.
Lien for costs.

20. REQUISITES FOR CREDITOR TO FILE ACTION
1. There is a deficiency of assets in the hands of an
executor or administrator for the payment of debts
and expense of administration;
2. In his lifetime, the deceased had made or
attempted to make a fraudulently conveyance of
his property or had so conveyed such property
that by law, the conveyance would be void as
against his creditors;

21. 3. The subject of the attempted conveyance would be
liable to attachment in his lifetime;
4. The executor or administrator has shown no desire
to file the action or failed to institute the same within
a reasonable time;

22. 5. Leave is granted by the court to the creditor to file
the action;
6. A bond is filed by the creditor;
7. The action by the creditor is in the name of the
executor or administrator.

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