Sample English Presentation

1. ROBOTIC-ASSISTED SURGERY:
A PROMISING FUTURE
HINDERED BY CORPORATE
GREED
Ahmed Bassam Salama

2. INTRODUCTION (1)
• Introducing me:
• Ahmed Salama.
• Honours Health Sciences Student.
• Introducing my topic:
• Robotic-assisted surgery (R.A.S.).
Medicine, UChicago. “A UChicago Medicine
Surgeon (Right) Is Pictured Using a Da
Vinci Surgical System during an
Operation on a Patient.,”
https://tinyurl.com/ycxdmynb, 2018.
Accessed 11 Nov. 2023

3. INTRODUCTION (2)
“Da Vinci Surgical System: Surgery on a Grape.” YouTube, uploaded by Edward
Hospital, 11 Aug. 2010, youtu.be/KNHgeykDXFw. Accessed 12 Nov. 2023.

4. WHAT IS ROBOTIC-ASSISTED
SURGERY (R.A.S)?
•Any guess?
•Surgery performed using surgical robots.
Medicine, UChicago. “A UChicago Medicine Surgeon (Right) Is Pictured
Using a Da Vinci Surgical System during an Operation on a
Patient.,”https://tinyurl.com/ycxdmynb, 2018. Accessed 11 Nov. 2023

5. A (VERY) BRIEF HISTORY OF R.A.S.
•1985 – first robot use (Shah et. Al).
•1990s – massive advancements.
•Early 21st century – Da Vinci Robot/Intuitive
Surgical crushes competitors.

6. ADVANTAGES
1. Precision.
2. Minimally invasive nature*.
3. Surgeons’ ease of use.

7. RESULTING HEALTH ADVANTAGES
1. Reducing human errors.
2. Lowering infections.
3. Reducing recovery time.
4. Alleviating surgeons’ physical burdens.
5. Increasing surgeons’ career spans.

8. SURGEONS’ REFLECTION
“Da Vinci Robotic Surgery Program: Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi.”
YouTube, uploaded by Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, 1 Nov. 2020, https://tinyurl.com/6d7acdz3. Accessed
14 Nov. 2023.

9. MAIN DISADVANTAGE
•Any guess?
•Clue: Remember Da Vinci Robot’s
Dominance/Monopoly.
1. Too costly - $2 million/unit
(Wilensky).
• Intuitive Surgery holds ~80% of surgical robot market
(Cimino).

10. SOLUTIONS
Solutions:
1. Shattering Intuitive Surgery’s monopoly.
2. Creating new rival surgical robots via state healthcare
subsidies.

11. FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
Future considerations with the widespread use of R.A.S.:
1. Maintaining surgical robot quality and security.
2. Maintaining surgeon quality by standardized training (Chuchulo
and Ali).

12. LINK TO FICTION - 2 EXAMPLES
Two fictional adaptations based on historical robot technological
advancements:
1. “Ender’s Game” – 1985 novel.
2. “Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of The Sith” – 2005 movie.

13. LINK TO FICTION (1) – ENDER’S
GAME
1.“Ender’s Game” – 1985 novel:
• Ender* undergoes a brain biopsy by a surgical robot.
• Historical link: reflects first ever R.A.S. in 1985 (Shah et al.).

14. LINK TO FICTION (2) – STAR WARS
EPISODE III : REVENGE OF THE SITH
2.“Star Wars Episode III: Revenge of The Sith” – 2005 movie:
• Anakin Skywalker is operated on by autonomous surgical robots.
• Historical link: A prediction inspired by early 21st century robot
advancements (Lyon).

15. LINK TO FICTION (2) – STAR WARS
EPISODE III : REVENGE OF THE SITH
(VIDEO)
“The Coolest Medical Robots in Sci-Fi Movies - the Medical Futurist.” YouTube, uploaded
by The Medical Futurist, 31 May 2016, youtu.be/66fYzE2gPZ4. Accessed 14 Nov.
2023.

16. CONCLUSION (1)
• R.A.S – Huge Advancements since1980s.
• Advantages: precision, minimally invasive, easing
surgeons’ work.
• Above advantages  many resulting health benefits.
• Disadvantage: cost - $2 million.

17. CONCLUSION (2)
• Solution: Intuitive Surgical monopoly breakup.
• Future considerations: maintaining R.A.S. quality and
security.
• Fictional works: Ender’s Game and Star Wars Episode
III reflect/predict real-life robot technology
advancements.

18. INTERESTING QUESTION:
•Will surgical robots ever be fully automated and AI-
powered like those in Star Wars?

19. WORKS CITED
Chuchulo, Anastasya, and Ali, Abubaker. “Is Robotic-Assisted Surgery Better?” AMA Journal of Ethics, vol. 25, no. 8, 2023, pp. 598–604, journalofethics.ama-
assn.org/article/robotic-assisted-surgery- better/2023-08, https://doi.org/10.1001/amajethics.2023.598. Accessed 31 Oct. 2023.
Cimino, Adria. “Intuitive Surgical: Buy, Sell, or Hold?” Nasdaq.com, 2023, https://tinyurl.com/8b5ey5eb. Accessed 4 Nov. 2023.
Lyon, Peter. “Honda’s Globetrotting Pint-Sized Robot Asimo to Retire.” Forbes, 2022, www.forbes.com/sites/peterlyon/2022/03/28/hondas- globetrotting-pint-
sized-robot-asimo-to-retire/?sh=22f4b0dd7618. Accessed 9 Nov. 2023.
Shah, Jay, et al. “The History of Robotics in Surgical Specialties.” American Journal of Robotic Surgery, vol. 1, no. 1, 1 June 2014, pp. 12–20,
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4677089/, https://doi.org/10.1166/ajrs.2014.1006. Accessed 31 Oct. 2023.
Wilensky, Gail R. “Robotic Surgery: An Example of When Newer Is Not Always Better but Clearly More Expensive.” The Milbank Quarterly, vol. 94, 2016, pp. 43– 46,
www.milbank.org/quarterly/articles/robotic-surgery-an-example-of-when-newer-is-not-always-better-but-clearly-more-
expensive/?gclid=CjwKCAjw9L_tBRBXEiwAOWVVCeWMe4gCHYVSPq4ArXhYDCO0tlZlFiRgt3sanwNUe9mP1aPl5_TKLRoC6XsQAvD_BwE,
https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.12178. Accessed 31 Oct. 2023.