This document provides a summary of a rapid market assessment report on the potato value chain in Chitral, Pakistan. It examines both the supply and demand sides of the value chain. Key findings include:
- The main buyers are market agents, wholesalers, and processors who purchase an average of 375 tons per season. They prefer certified seed varieties like Atlantic, Bintje, and Rose Bhurban.
- Local farmers sell an average of 6 tons annually through market agents and local buyers. Quality and use of certified seed is inconsistent among farmers.
- Opportunities exist to better connect farmers to larger buyers through the use of formal contracts and by improving farmers' access to certified seed and training to meet market demands
This document summarizes the methodology and key findings of a rapid market assessment conducted for the potato value chain. Interviews were conducted with farmers (suppliers) and buyers (market agents and processors) to understand the quantity and quality of potatoes demanded by the market compared to what is supplied currently. The assessment aims to identify gaps and opportunities to improve linkages between farmers and competitive buyers to increase smallholder incomes. Key findings indicate differences between farmers and buyers in terms of the quantity, quality and price of potatoes supplied and demanded. The assessment also observed issues with smallholder access to inputs, production, marketing, transportation and financing. Recommendations will focus on organizing farmers into groups and building their capacity to meet market demands.
This document outlines the Beef Industry Strategic Plan 2020 (BISP2020). It identifies five strategic pillars to focus industry efforts and resources between now and 2020: 1) Industry Leadership and Collaboration, 2) Market Growth and Diversification, 3) Value Chain Efficiency and Integrity, 4) Productivity and Profitability, and 5) Community and Consumer Support. For each pillar, it describes the strategic intent and what success may look like by 2020. It then identifies 10 priority areas for investment ranked as top, high or medium priority based on expected benefits to the industry by 2020. The plan aims to strengthen Australia's competitive position as a trusted supplier of premium quality and sustainable beef products.
Dowload the free PDF file of Report Sample Pages. Cognitive Market Research has recently published report titled, "Nutritional Supplements Market 2020" which provides detailed analysis of Nutritional Supplements Market. The market study focuses on understanding industry dynamics along with driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints for Nutritional Supplements market, to understand factors which will restrict the growth of Nutritional Supplements market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in depth with the help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Nutritional Supplements market growth in various regions across the globe. Market forecast takes place with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
This document analyzes factors affecting the farmgate price of cashew nuts in Vietnam. It uses a hedonic pricing model to examine how quality, seasonality, household characteristics, infrastructure, market information and other variables influence the price farmers receive. The study also assesses value added across the cashew supply chain from farmers to processors. It finds that farmers generally earn the lowest monthly income compared to other supply chain participants. However, farmers can gain additional profits by performing post-harvest activities themselves, such as peeling cashew nuts. The analysis aims to identify ways to improve farmgate prices and marketing opportunities for farmers.
This document is the strategic plan to create a new brand of a Vietnamese fast food restaurant. This includes financial plan and marketing plan the the new brand.
This document provides an overview of the global nutraceuticals market in 2020. It discusses key topics like market segments, drivers and restraints, regional analysis, competitive landscape, manufacturing costs, and market forecasts. The market is segmented by type into functional food, functional beverages, dietary supplements, and personal care/pharmaceuticals. It is also segmented by application into general wellness, beauty/anti-aging, weight management, digestive health, and sports/energy. The document analyzes the nutraceuticals market size and growth across regions and provides revenue forecasts for the market from 2020-2027.
Dowload the free PDF file of Report Sample Pages. Cognitive Market Research has recently published report titled, "Milk Market 2020" which provides detailed analysis of Milk Market. The market study focuses on understanding industry dynamics along with driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints for Milk market, to understand factors which will restrict the growth of Milk market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in depth with the help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Milk market growth in various regions across the globe. Market forecast takes place with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
Policy: Inclusion, empowerment, and the social impact of Ecuador’s native pot...IFSD14
This document summarizes a study on the social impacts and inclusion of smallholder farmers in Ecuador's native potato value chain. Key findings include: 1) Farmers perceive benefits from participation like higher and stable prices, but have concerns around price and market risks; 2) There are opportunities to improve communication, trust, and governance between actors; 3) Increasing production and quality can help meet growing demand while supporting investment and risk reduction. The document recommends strengthening communication, collaboration, and business/organizational capacity to further empower farmers and expand opportunities in the value chain.
This document summarizes the methodology and key findings of a rapid market assessment conducted for the potato value chain. Interviews were conducted with farmers (suppliers) and buyers (market agents and processors) to understand the quantity and quality of potatoes demanded by the market compared to what is supplied currently. The assessment aims to identify gaps and opportunities to improve linkages between farmers and competitive buyers to increase smallholder incomes. Key findings indicate differences between farmers and buyers in terms of the quantity, quality and price of potatoes supplied and demanded. The assessment also observed issues with smallholder access to inputs, production, marketing, transportation and financing. Recommendations will focus on organizing farmers into groups and building their capacity to meet market demands.
This document outlines the Beef Industry Strategic Plan 2020 (BISP2020). It identifies five strategic pillars to focus industry efforts and resources between now and 2020: 1) Industry Leadership and Collaboration, 2) Market Growth and Diversification, 3) Value Chain Efficiency and Integrity, 4) Productivity and Profitability, and 5) Community and Consumer Support. For each pillar, it describes the strategic intent and what success may look like by 2020. It then identifies 10 priority areas for investment ranked as top, high or medium priority based on expected benefits to the industry by 2020. The plan aims to strengthen Australia's competitive position as a trusted supplier of premium quality and sustainable beef products.
Dowload the free PDF file of Report Sample Pages. Cognitive Market Research has recently published report titled, "Nutritional Supplements Market 2020" which provides detailed analysis of Nutritional Supplements Market. The market study focuses on understanding industry dynamics along with driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints for Nutritional Supplements market, to understand factors which will restrict the growth of Nutritional Supplements market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in depth with the help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Nutritional Supplements market growth in various regions across the globe. Market forecast takes place with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
This document analyzes factors affecting the farmgate price of cashew nuts in Vietnam. It uses a hedonic pricing model to examine how quality, seasonality, household characteristics, infrastructure, market information and other variables influence the price farmers receive. The study also assesses value added across the cashew supply chain from farmers to processors. It finds that farmers generally earn the lowest monthly income compared to other supply chain participants. However, farmers can gain additional profits by performing post-harvest activities themselves, such as peeling cashew nuts. The analysis aims to identify ways to improve farmgate prices and marketing opportunities for farmers.
This document is the strategic plan to create a new brand of a Vietnamese fast food restaurant. This includes financial plan and marketing plan the the new brand.
This document provides an overview of the global nutraceuticals market in 2020. It discusses key topics like market segments, drivers and restraints, regional analysis, competitive landscape, manufacturing costs, and market forecasts. The market is segmented by type into functional food, functional beverages, dietary supplements, and personal care/pharmaceuticals. It is also segmented by application into general wellness, beauty/anti-aging, weight management, digestive health, and sports/energy. The document analyzes the nutraceuticals market size and growth across regions and provides revenue forecasts for the market from 2020-2027.
Dowload the free PDF file of Report Sample Pages. Cognitive Market Research has recently published report titled, "Milk Market 2020" which provides detailed analysis of Milk Market. The market study focuses on understanding industry dynamics along with driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints for Milk market, to understand factors which will restrict the growth of Milk market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in depth with the help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Milk market growth in various regions across the globe. Market forecast takes place with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
Policy: Inclusion, empowerment, and the social impact of Ecuador’s native pot...IFSD14
This document summarizes a study on the social impacts and inclusion of smallholder farmers in Ecuador's native potato value chain. Key findings include: 1) Farmers perceive benefits from participation like higher and stable prices, but have concerns around price and market risks; 2) There are opportunities to improve communication, trust, and governance between actors; 3) Increasing production and quality can help meet growing demand while supporting investment and risk reduction. The document recommends strengthening communication, collaboration, and business/organizational capacity to further empower farmers and expand opportunities in the value chain.
The document discusses how potatoes can contribute to global food security and poverty alleviation. It outlines trends showing rising potato production and consumption globally, especially in developing countries. The International Potato Center (CIP) is working to address this through research on potatoes and sweet potatoes tailored to priorities areas and constraints. CIP's new strategic plan focuses on developing disease-resistant and drought-tolerant varieties, improving seed systems, and building resilient food systems through roots and tubers in light of climate change. Collaboration is needed to fully realize potatoes' potential for food and nutrition security worldwide.
Value Chains: The Participatory Market Chain Approach: from the Andes to Afri...IFSD14
The Participatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA) stimulates innovation among actors along agricultural value chains. It builds trust between farmers, intermediaries, processors, retailers, consumers, and research organizations. Over multiple phases, PMCA uses participatory analysis and group work to identify market opportunities and develop new products, technologies, and institutions. It has helped transform native potatoes from a staple crop into value-added products in Andean markets. Lessons show PMCA is most effective when combined with other programs and evolves over time, sparking second and third generation innovations. It has also been adapted successfully in other regions through approaches like Farmer Business Schools in Indonesia.
The potato value chain and benefits of cold storagesKrishna Singh
This document summarizes a study on the potato value chain and benefits of cold storage facilities in Bihar, India. It finds that there has been a dramatic increase in cold storage capacity in recent decades, driven by government subsidies. While cold storage availability has improved, subsidies have not reduced storage costs for farmers. Larger farmers participate more directly in cold storage, while smaller farmers benefit indirectly through higher harvest prices and cheaper seed potato storage. The study recommends further investment and competition in cold storage to reduce costs and better serve smaller farmers.
Aggregate Supply / Aggregate Demand ModelKaysee Das
The document summarizes key concepts in macroeconomics including aggregate demand, aggregate supply, and macroeconomic equilibrium. It discusses:
1) The components of aggregate demand - consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports - and how each can influence overall demand.
2) How the aggregate demand curve depicts the relationship between price level and real output. A shift in the AD curve represents a change in a component of demand.
3) The short-run and long-run aggregate supply curves and debates around their shapes. Supply can also shift due to changes in inputs like technology.
4) Macroeconomic equilibrium is reached at the intersection of the AD and AS curves, where total spending equals total output
Potato is grown in more than 100 countries, under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. It is essentially a "cool weather crop", with temperature being the main limiting factor on production. The potato is a very accommodating and adaptable plant, and will produce well without ideal soil and growing conditions. Once harvested, potatoes can be used fora variety of purposes: as a fresh vegetable for cooking at home, as raw material for processing into food products, food ingredients, starch and alcohol, as feed foranimals, and as seed tubers for growing the next season’s crop.
See more
http://goo.gl/v9aiQS
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Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Agro Techniques for potato production of quality potato seed, Commercial Postharvest Handling of Potatoes, Cultivation of Potato, Favourable Conditions of Growth for Potato, Food Processing Industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, How long does it take to grow a potato?, How to Easily Plant and Harvest Potatoes, How to Grow and Store Potatoes, How to Grow Organic Potatoes, How to grow Potato : Vegetable Gardening, how to grow potatoes , How to plant potatoes?, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Potato Production Business, How to start a successful potato processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to Start Potato Processing Industry in India, How to Store Potatoes, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Potato Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in Potato processing industry, organic farming potatoes, Organic Potato Production, planting potatoes from potatoes, post-harvest technology and utilization of potato, Potato and Potato Processing Technology Book, potato by products, potato cultivation in india, potato cultivation pdf, potato cultivation techniques in india, potato farming business plan, potato farming methods, potato farming process, Potato Processing and Uses, Potato Processing Industry in India, potato production in india, Potato Production, Processing and Technology book, Potato Seed Production, Potato Value Added Products, Potatoes: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Potato Plants, Potential value-added products and uses, Process Technology Book for Production of Potato, Setting up and opening your potato processing Business, Starting a Potato Farm - Startup Business, Starting a Potato Processing Business, true potato seed production technology, Use of Manure in Potato Production, Value Added potato processing, Value added products from potato, Value addition to potatoes, Value-Added Food Processing Technologies, Value-added food products processing, Value-added offerings increase in potato category, What are potatoes made out of?, what are seed potato
The document discusses the concept of a value chain, which refers to the series of activities involved in converting raw materials into a finished product delivered to customers, and includes both upstream supply chain activities and downstream distribution activities. It also covers the primary and secondary activities within a value chain, such as inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and services. Finally, it discusses how value chains can be improved through strategies like adopting e-business technologies, simplifying processes, and focusing on customer needs.
Strategy, tick. Values, tick. Visual identity, tick.
For some companies, that's when they start working out how they'll achieve it. Yet the implementation will most likely take the bulk of budget. Three companies who tackled implementation from the outset discuss their experiences.
Stuart Youngs, Purpose, creative director
The campaign to promote HT No TV Day achieved its engagement goals across multiple platforms. On Facebook, over 81,500 fans were acquired, with over 1,30,000 total interactions. The application tabs saw high engagement, exceeding industry benchmarks. On Twitter, the hashtags #htnotvday, #onnotvdayiwill, and No TV Day trended in the top 10 worldwide and in India. Over 24,000 tweets and 15,000 mentions were generated. Overall interactions across platforms totaled over 2,74,419, exceeding the committed goal by 250%. Augmented reality also saw strong user engagement numbers. The cross-platform digital campaign was highly successful in creating awareness of and engagement for HT No TV Day
1) The document outlines an upcoming demonstration of new features in Moodle 2.3 by the Centre for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning (CATL) eLearning team.
2) Key members of the CATL eLearning team, including Shannon Johnston, Ross Yates, Coralie Rendalls, Clare Alderson, Jocasta Collier, and Silvia Dewiyanti will provide an overview of the Moodle 2.3 upgrade project timeline and highlights of new features.
3) The demonstration will take place in the LMS where attendees can experience the new features firsthand.
This document provides a shortlist of categories for the Transform Awards 2014 which recognize excellence in brand development. There are over 25 categories that cover best use of visuals, copywriting, branding strategies, implementation processes, and industry sectors. The categories are organized by topic such as best creative strategy, best brand evolution, best rebrand for a new company, and best visual identity for various sectors. The document notes that the winners will be announced on April 1.
Ashley Shackleton, external affairs Officer, Oil & Gas UK
The oil and gas industry is by some margin the single largest industrial contributor to the UK economy. In addition to its economic contribution, and its role in protecting energy security, the industry is a world class driver of innovation in UK science and technology. The oil and gas industry also creates and sustains an impressive number of skilled and valued jobs. Unfortunately these facts are not well known or understood. By proudly and consistently telling our story we will raise awareness about our contribution, improve understanding of what we contribute, and ensure we attain the support and recognition we need to thrive as an industry. This session will explore the public’s perceptions of the UK oil and gas industry and how we may hope to change them.
This document discusses the importance of brand implementation and outlines the services provided by an implementation expert. It notes that while new brand identities and guidelines are developed, the actual impact comes from proper physical application. It then asks several questions about planning and executing an implementation. The document emphasizes that implementations can become fragmented without proper organization and control. It outlines the implementation building blocks and services provided, including planning, application design, priority setting, and rollout scenarios. The overall message is that brand implementation expertise is needed to successfully transition identities and achieve maximum impact through proper application.
The document provides biographical and health-related information about Ashley Rianne Wong. It includes details about her family history, birthplace, physical fitness scores, daily activities, social relationships, and progression of photos from childhood to age 15. The document also shares an interview with her mother discussing health, fitness, diet and lifestyle in high school during the 1970s.
Coutts and National Portrait Gallery: Grayson Perry: Who Are You? - Corporate...Communicate Magazine
Coutts has long supported the arts industry with sponsorship programmes running over the past 300 years. From Octoober 2014 to March 2015, Coutts was the headline sponsor of the fascinating Grayson Perry: Who are you? exhibition at the National Portrait Gallery.
Grayson Perry's exhibition display featured Britons that embody a particular potent aspect of contemporary British identity. Coutts used its association with the exhibition to highlight its specialist interests – investing through art and philanthropy – while also championing the important role of the arts in the economy. The sponsorship has resulted in almost 300,000 visitors attending the display, with 96% of them would recommend the exhibition to a friends or family.
Presented by Jennifer Sofianou, the marketing business partner, Coutts
Global Blockchain in Agriculture and Food Market.pdfMohit BISResearch
Global blockchain in agriculture and food market was valued at $139.6 million in 2020, Blockchain in Agriculture and Food Industry is expected to grow with a CAGR of 51.0% and reach $1,488.0 million by 2026.
View: https://bisresearch.com/industry-report/global-blockchain-agriculture-food-market.html
Dowload the free PDF file of Report Sample Pages. Cognitive Market Research has recently published report titled, "Organic Milk Products Market 2020" which provides detailed analysis of Organic Milk Products Market. The market study focuses on understanding industry dynamics along with driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints for Organic Milk Products market, to understand factors which will restrict the growth of Organic Milk Products market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in depth with the help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Organic Milk Products market growth in various regions across the globe. Market forecast takes place with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
The document discusses how potatoes can contribute to global food security and poverty alleviation. It outlines trends showing rising potato production and consumption globally, especially in developing countries. The International Potato Center (CIP) is working to address this through research on potatoes and sweet potatoes tailored to priorities areas and constraints. CIP's new strategic plan focuses on developing disease-resistant and drought-tolerant varieties, improving seed systems, and building resilient food systems through roots and tubers in light of climate change. Collaboration is needed to fully realize potatoes' potential for food and nutrition security worldwide.
Value Chains: The Participatory Market Chain Approach: from the Andes to Afri...IFSD14
The Participatory Market Chain Approach (PMCA) stimulates innovation among actors along agricultural value chains. It builds trust between farmers, intermediaries, processors, retailers, consumers, and research organizations. Over multiple phases, PMCA uses participatory analysis and group work to identify market opportunities and develop new products, technologies, and institutions. It has helped transform native potatoes from a staple crop into value-added products in Andean markets. Lessons show PMCA is most effective when combined with other programs and evolves over time, sparking second and third generation innovations. It has also been adapted successfully in other regions through approaches like Farmer Business Schools in Indonesia.
The potato value chain and benefits of cold storagesKrishna Singh
This document summarizes a study on the potato value chain and benefits of cold storage facilities in Bihar, India. It finds that there has been a dramatic increase in cold storage capacity in recent decades, driven by government subsidies. While cold storage availability has improved, subsidies have not reduced storage costs for farmers. Larger farmers participate more directly in cold storage, while smaller farmers benefit indirectly through higher harvest prices and cheaper seed potato storage. The study recommends further investment and competition in cold storage to reduce costs and better serve smaller farmers.
Aggregate Supply / Aggregate Demand ModelKaysee Das
The document summarizes key concepts in macroeconomics including aggregate demand, aggregate supply, and macroeconomic equilibrium. It discusses:
1) The components of aggregate demand - consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports - and how each can influence overall demand.
2) How the aggregate demand curve depicts the relationship between price level and real output. A shift in the AD curve represents a change in a component of demand.
3) The short-run and long-run aggregate supply curves and debates around their shapes. Supply can also shift due to changes in inputs like technology.
4) Macroeconomic equilibrium is reached at the intersection of the AD and AS curves, where total spending equals total output
Potato is grown in more than 100 countries, under temperate, subtropical and tropical conditions. It is essentially a "cool weather crop", with temperature being the main limiting factor on production. The potato is a very accommodating and adaptable plant, and will produce well without ideal soil and growing conditions. Once harvested, potatoes can be used fora variety of purposes: as a fresh vegetable for cooking at home, as raw material for processing into food products, food ingredients, starch and alcohol, as feed foranimals, and as seed tubers for growing the next season’s crop.
See more
http://goo.gl/v9aiQS
http://goo.gl/gRhM4U
http://goo.gl/pAxlHD
http://www.entrepreneurindia.co/
Tags
Agro Based Small Scale Industries Projects, Agro Techniques for potato production of quality potato seed, Commercial Postharvest Handling of Potatoes, Cultivation of Potato, Favourable Conditions of Growth for Potato, Food Processing Industry in India, Get started in small-scale food manufacturing, How long does it take to grow a potato?, How to Easily Plant and Harvest Potatoes, How to Grow and Store Potatoes, How to Grow Organic Potatoes, How to grow Potato : Vegetable Gardening, how to grow potatoes , How to plant potatoes?, How to start a food manufacturing business, How to Start a Food Production Business, How to Start a Potato Production Business, How to start a successful potato processing business, How to Start Food Processing Industry in India, How to Start Potato Processing Industry in India, How to Store Potatoes, Most Profitable Food Processing Business Ideas, Most Profitable Potato Processing Business Ideas, new small scale ideas in Potato processing industry, organic farming potatoes, Organic Potato Production, planting potatoes from potatoes, post-harvest technology and utilization of potato, Potato and Potato Processing Technology Book, potato by products, potato cultivation in india, potato cultivation pdf, potato cultivation techniques in india, potato farming business plan, potato farming methods, potato farming process, Potato Processing and Uses, Potato Processing Industry in India, potato production in india, Potato Production, Processing and Technology book, Potato Seed Production, Potato Value Added Products, Potatoes: Planting, Growing and Harvesting Potato Plants, Potential value-added products and uses, Process Technology Book for Production of Potato, Setting up and opening your potato processing Business, Starting a Potato Farm - Startup Business, Starting a Potato Processing Business, true potato seed production technology, Use of Manure in Potato Production, Value Added potato processing, Value added products from potato, Value addition to potatoes, Value-Added Food Processing Technologies, Value-added food products processing, Value-added offerings increase in potato category, What are potatoes made out of?, what are seed potato
The document discusses the concept of a value chain, which refers to the series of activities involved in converting raw materials into a finished product delivered to customers, and includes both upstream supply chain activities and downstream distribution activities. It also covers the primary and secondary activities within a value chain, such as inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, and services. Finally, it discusses how value chains can be improved through strategies like adopting e-business technologies, simplifying processes, and focusing on customer needs.
Strategy, tick. Values, tick. Visual identity, tick.
For some companies, that's when they start working out how they'll achieve it. Yet the implementation will most likely take the bulk of budget. Three companies who tackled implementation from the outset discuss their experiences.
Stuart Youngs, Purpose, creative director
The campaign to promote HT No TV Day achieved its engagement goals across multiple platforms. On Facebook, over 81,500 fans were acquired, with over 1,30,000 total interactions. The application tabs saw high engagement, exceeding industry benchmarks. On Twitter, the hashtags #htnotvday, #onnotvdayiwill, and No TV Day trended in the top 10 worldwide and in India. Over 24,000 tweets and 15,000 mentions were generated. Overall interactions across platforms totaled over 2,74,419, exceeding the committed goal by 250%. Augmented reality also saw strong user engagement numbers. The cross-platform digital campaign was highly successful in creating awareness of and engagement for HT No TV Day
1) The document outlines an upcoming demonstration of new features in Moodle 2.3 by the Centre for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning (CATL) eLearning team.
2) Key members of the CATL eLearning team, including Shannon Johnston, Ross Yates, Coralie Rendalls, Clare Alderson, Jocasta Collier, and Silvia Dewiyanti will provide an overview of the Moodle 2.3 upgrade project timeline and highlights of new features.
3) The demonstration will take place in the LMS where attendees can experience the new features firsthand.
This document provides a shortlist of categories for the Transform Awards 2014 which recognize excellence in brand development. There are over 25 categories that cover best use of visuals, copywriting, branding strategies, implementation processes, and industry sectors. The categories are organized by topic such as best creative strategy, best brand evolution, best rebrand for a new company, and best visual identity for various sectors. The document notes that the winners will be announced on April 1.
Ashley Shackleton, external affairs Officer, Oil & Gas UK
The oil and gas industry is by some margin the single largest industrial contributor to the UK economy. In addition to its economic contribution, and its role in protecting energy security, the industry is a world class driver of innovation in UK science and technology. The oil and gas industry also creates and sustains an impressive number of skilled and valued jobs. Unfortunately these facts are not well known or understood. By proudly and consistently telling our story we will raise awareness about our contribution, improve understanding of what we contribute, and ensure we attain the support and recognition we need to thrive as an industry. This session will explore the public’s perceptions of the UK oil and gas industry and how we may hope to change them.
This document discusses the importance of brand implementation and outlines the services provided by an implementation expert. It notes that while new brand identities and guidelines are developed, the actual impact comes from proper physical application. It then asks several questions about planning and executing an implementation. The document emphasizes that implementations can become fragmented without proper organization and control. It outlines the implementation building blocks and services provided, including planning, application design, priority setting, and rollout scenarios. The overall message is that brand implementation expertise is needed to successfully transition identities and achieve maximum impact through proper application.
The document provides biographical and health-related information about Ashley Rianne Wong. It includes details about her family history, birthplace, physical fitness scores, daily activities, social relationships, and progression of photos from childhood to age 15. The document also shares an interview with her mother discussing health, fitness, diet and lifestyle in high school during the 1970s.
Coutts and National Portrait Gallery: Grayson Perry: Who Are You? - Corporate...Communicate Magazine
Coutts has long supported the arts industry with sponsorship programmes running over the past 300 years. From Octoober 2014 to March 2015, Coutts was the headline sponsor of the fascinating Grayson Perry: Who are you? exhibition at the National Portrait Gallery.
Grayson Perry's exhibition display featured Britons that embody a particular potent aspect of contemporary British identity. Coutts used its association with the exhibition to highlight its specialist interests – investing through art and philanthropy – while also championing the important role of the arts in the economy. The sponsorship has resulted in almost 300,000 visitors attending the display, with 96% of them would recommend the exhibition to a friends or family.
Presented by Jennifer Sofianou, the marketing business partner, Coutts
Global Blockchain in Agriculture and Food Market.pdfMohit BISResearch
Global blockchain in agriculture and food market was valued at $139.6 million in 2020, Blockchain in Agriculture and Food Industry is expected to grow with a CAGR of 51.0% and reach $1,488.0 million by 2026.
View: https://bisresearch.com/industry-report/global-blockchain-agriculture-food-market.html
Dowload the free PDF file of Report Sample Pages. Cognitive Market Research has recently published report titled, "Organic Milk Products Market 2020" which provides detailed analysis of Organic Milk Products Market. The market study focuses on understanding industry dynamics along with driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints for Organic Milk Products market, to understand factors which will restrict the growth of Organic Milk Products market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in depth with the help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Organic Milk Products market growth in various regions across the globe. Market forecast takes place with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
Home healthcare market global revenue, trends, growth, share, size and foreca...Scalar Market Research
Home Healthcare Market is worth USD 170.09 billion in 2016 and is expected to reach USD 257.34 billion by 2021, growing at a CAGR of 8.6% from 2016 to 2021.
Download Free Sample: https://www.scalarmarketresearch.com/request-sample.php?id=118
Global Canned Pineapple Market Report 2022
Report Link- https://www.cognitivemarketresearch.com/Canned-Pineapple-Market-Report
Cognitive Market Research provides detailed analysis of Global Canned Pineapple in our recently published report titled, "Global Canned Pineapple 2022" The market study focuses on industry dynamics including driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints and opportunities to identify high growth segments involved in the Global Canned Pineapple market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in detail with help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Global Canned Pineapple market growth across the globe. Market growth is forecasted with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc. #GlobalCannedPineappleReport #GlobalCannedPineappleMarket #GlobalCannedPineappleMarketForecast #GlobalCannedPineappleMarketStatus #GlobalCannedPineappleMarket2022
Cognitive Market Research provides detailed analysis of Food Toxin Testing Service Market in our recently published report titled, "Food Toxin Testing Service Market 2020" The market study focuses on industry dynamics including driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints and opportunities to identify high growth segments involved in the Food Toxin Testing Service market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in detail with help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Food Toxin Testing Service market growth across the globe. Market growth is forecasted with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc.
This document summarizes a feasibility study conducted by EC Oregon on developing anaerobic digesters at dairy farms in Oregon. The study assessed the technical and financial viability of digesters using dairy manure alone or co-digesting manure with other organic waste. The study found that digesters using only dairy manure were technically sound but not financially attractive. Co-digesting manure with high-energy waste was required for project viability. Successful dairy biogas projects will require managing financing, incentives, and negotiating power purchase agreements. Recommendations are provided to facilitate collaboration between industries and stakeholders to promote digesters in Oregon.
This document is a market report on global body protection equipment from 2021-2028 published by Cognitive Market Research. It provides an overview of the key players, market segments, and geographic regions. The report contains detailed sections on market size and forecasts, key trends, major customers, cost structures, and more. It analyzes the market for body protection equipment by product type, application, end user industry, and region. Sections include market analysis and revenue forecasts for North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, and Middle East/Africa.
Report Link- https://www.cognitivemarketresearch.com/Body-Protection-Equipment-Market-Report Cognitive Market Research provides detailed analysis of Body Protection Equipment in our recently published report titled, "Body Protection Equipment 2021" The market study focuses on industry dynamics including driving factors to provide the key elements fueling the current market growth. The report also identifies restraints and opportunities to identify high growth segments involved in the Body Protection Equipment market. Key industrial factors such as macroeconomic and microeconomic factors are studied in detail with help of PESTEL analysis in order to have a holistic view of factors impacting Body Protection Equipment market growth across the globe. Market growth is forecasted with the help of complex algorithms such as regression analysis, sentiment analysis of end-users, etc. #BodyProtectionEquipmentReport #BodyProtectionEquipmentMarket #BodyProtectionEquipmentMarketForecast #BodyProtectionEquipmentMarketStatus #BodyProtectionEquipmentMarket2021
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Rma report of potato vc chitral region
1. 0
Rapid Market
Assessment Report
on Potato Value
Chain in Chitral
Study Conducted by:
Noor Alam Khan (Business Development Officer, The Agribusiness Project)
Market Development Section
Aga Khan Rural Support Programme, Chitral, Pakistan
2. Contents
1. BACKGROUND...............................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................1
1.2 Objectives...................................................................................................................2
2. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................2
2.1 Respondents................................................................................................................2
2.2 Sample Size..................................................................................................................2
2.3 Data Collection Tools ..................................................................................................2
2.4 Data Analysis Approach...............................................................................................3
3. RESULTS AND FINDINGS – BUYERS (Market Agents and Processors):...............................3
3.1 Respondents’ Profile ...................................................................................................3
3.2 Type of Value Chain Actors .........................................................................................3
3.3 Geographic spread of the Value Chain Actor..............................................................3
3.4 Months in which you trade/deal in this value chain...................................................4
3.5 Product – Average Quantity Purchase ........................................................................4
3.7 Price – Average Price Per Unit.....................................................................................5
3.8 Buying Preference – Formal contract or competitive process....................................5
4. RESULTS AND FINDINGS – Suppliers (Producers and Farmers):........................................5
4.1 Respondents’ Profile ...................................................................................................5
4.2 Type of Value Chain Actors .........................................................................................5
4.3 Geographic spread of the Value Chain Actors ............................................................6
4.4 Months in which you trade/deal in this value chain...................................................6
4.5 Product – Average Quantity Sold................................................................................6
4.6 Product – Quality of Product Sold...............................................................................6
4.7 Price – Average Price Per Unit.....................................................................................6
4.8 Place – Selling Point ....................................................................................................6
4.9 Place – Type of Buyers ................................................................................................6
4.10 Selling Preference – Formal contract or competitive process....................................6
5. ANALYSIS ......................................................................................................................7
5.1 Quantity, Quality and Price Compatibility b/w Producers and Buyers.......................7
5.2 Limitations of Small Farmers to Develop Linkages with Competitive Buyers.............7
5.3 Opportunity to Establish Market Linkages of Buyers with Farmer Groups ................8
6. FIELD OBSERVATIONS....................................................................................................9
6.1 Input Supplies..............................................................................................................9
4. List of Abbreviations
TAP The Agribusiness Project
RMA Rapid Market Assessment
FGD Focused Group Discussion
ASF Agribusiness Support Fund
AKRSP Aga Khan Rural Support Programme
FEGs Farmer Enterprise Groups
VC Value Chain
5. 1
1. BACKGROUND
The Agribusiness Project (TAP) will systematically address the priority problems and critical
constraints impeding the development of the agribusiness sector in Pakistan. The project will
adopt a holistic approach to identify priority value chains (VCs) and address gaps in key value
chains through integrated assistance packages. The project will serve as a catalyst to create
conditions to enhance growth potential and income and employment creation opportunities in
the horticulture and livestock sub-sectors by bridging the gap between demand and supply.
The Project intends to bring suppliers (producers) and buyers (market agents and processors) of
targeted horticulture products (VC). This requires an extensive effort at both demand and
supply end to create a win-win situation; so that producers supply what is demanded by buyers
i.e. market agents and processors. At producers end, the Agribusiness project is technically and
financially supporting the producers to organize them in farmers enterprise groups (FEGs), so
that they can enjoy economies of scale for purchase of cost effective and quality inputs, farm
level inter group learning, collective post-harvest management, and selling produce to
competitive markets.
Though overall AKRSP with the financial support of The Agribusiness Project will intervene in
three sub sectors over the project life starts from Sept 2012 and ends in August 2015 includes
high value horticulture, livestock & dairy, and fisheries.
In the meantime AKRSP will intervene in the Potato Value Chain of high value horticulture as
owing to cropping season starts from March-April whereas other value chains will be intervened
with their cropping starts.
1.1 Introduction
The technical and financial support to small holders involve formation of commercially viable
enterprises of farmers and developing their capacities to make them competitive, and to
develop effective and sustainable business linkages with the market to sell their produce at
maximum price. The facilitation in developing sustainable farmers’ enterprises and market
linkages of producers with the buyers (market agents and processors) requires detailed
understanding of prescribed quality and desired quantity of produce required by market in the
value chain.
The Agribusiness project and its partner NGOs intend to conduct rapid market assessment to
understand the market situation of targeted sixteen (16) value chains in respective regions,
which includes apples, apricot, banana, chilies, citrus, dairy, dates, grapes, guava, high
value/off-seasons vegetables, meat, peach, pomegranate, potato, strawberry, and tomato.
The project activities planned during the second year will assist in transformation of targeted
value chains to have a long term multiplier effect with sustainable results in terms of creating
employment and income generation opportunities. The approaches sorted out for the
development of prioritized value chains revolve around market-led business development
approach, and are supported by a range of activities across the value chain. The lead company
grants will be issued to develop a competitive processing and export side of each value chain.
The market assessment will help the project in organizing the individual farmers into Farmer
Enterprise Groups (FEGs) and building their capacity to develop effective and sustainable
market linkages with buyers for sale of produce.
6. 1.2 Objectives of the study
The objectives of the rapid market assessment are to:
Determine quantity and desired quality/verities of potato crop demanded by buyers
(market agents/processors);
Identify gaps between the quantity, quality and varieties supplied by individual farmers
and demanded by the buyers;
Explore opportunities in the potato value chain that can be leveraged to increase the
income of small-holders
Organize small farmers (potato growers) into farmer enterprise groups based upon the
market demand for selected value chains products.
2. METHODOLOGY
The following methodologies have been applied in conducting the assessment.
2.1 Respondents profile
The data has been collected from production and market side in the value chain. At production
side data collected on standardized questionnaire from group of farmers after conducting
Focused Group Discussions (FGDs). The farmers participated in the FGDs were small-holders
with average land landholding of 2.5 acre. The guidelines for FGDs involved collection of
information from group of farmers on their production, post-harvest management, produce
selling and marketing to buyers.
Similarly the data of the market side actors (market agents’ and wholesalers) collected on a
separate standardized questionnaire. The process included collection of data and information
on their sources of supply i.e. from where they purchase, and how much quantity and of what
quality/varieties and at what price they buy? These assessments include questions on
satisfaction from existing trade and satisfaction level from quantity, quality and verities
supplied/demanded.
2.2 Sample Size
During the baseline study, region wise data was collected from key stakeholders including
producers, processors and market agents. The data collected identified 20% of those market
agents/processors that contribute more than 70% of the demand. For this particular value chain
the RMA involved data collection from five buyers/market agents, 30 farmers who participated
in focus group discussions conducted in two potato producing valleys of Chitral including Golain
and Garamchashma. Beside these other related persons (respondents) identified during field
and market visits were also interviewed. Production and buying data collected from the real
production and buying records of the respondents.
2.3 Data Collection Tools
The RMA was carried out by AKRSP-ASF team with the technical oversight of regional project
office, Peshawar. This assessment was completed within 2 week (February 7-22, 2013). The
market assessment reports consists of information including but not limited to the following
questions for each value chain, in which interventions are being planned by the project in Year-
2.
Large Buyers/Market demand for targeted VC product
Quantity and desired quality of product required by large buyers, and
7. Bottlenecks and opportunities in the value chain that affect smallholder potato growers
No. of FEGs required meeting the production demand and capacity assessment of FEGs
to satisfy the quality.
The data collected on standardized questionnaires and FGDs discussions. Questionnaires
were different for market level (Buyers) and production (producers) level respondents.
Similarly direct observation, formal discussions were also used during field visits and
discussion that are also give insight to this study.
2.4 Data Analysis Approach
The analysis mostly uses percentages and average (median) to make comparisons and develop
understanding. Collected data have been analyzed by drawing charts and tables. The market
assessment reports consists of information including but not limited to the following questions
for each value chain, in which interventions are being planned by the project in Year-2.
Large Buyers/Market demand for targeted VC product
Quantity and desired quality of product required by large buyers, and
Number of FEGs required meeting the production demand.
3. RESULTS AND FINDINGS – BUYERS (Market Agents and Processors):
3.1 Respondents’ Profile
The profile of the respondents is available in data collection questionnaire available in (Annex1).
3.2 Type of Value Chain Actors
At buyers side the value chain actors are market
agents, sub agents, large buyers, and wholesalers. In
this research total 5 buyers including 30% wholesalers
70% market agents interviewed. Majority of value
chain actors (80%) are sub agents who actually work
for large market agents and buyers and they purchase
potato from farmers on commission basis. Very few
are local buyers who actually purchase from farmers
and sell it to down country markets like Gujranwala,
Lahore and Peshawar.
3.3 Geographic spread of the Value Chain Actor
100% value chain actors interviewed in this research are spread at national level. Potato is
produced in the mountainous and remote valleys of
Chitral while the market agents exist in Chitral city, in
big markets/Mandis’ of Punjab and KPK who further
connected to processors and large buyers and
exporters.
District Chitral has three areas where potato is largely
produced i.e. Garam Chashma valley, Golain and
Phast/Oweer. In these areas the down country buyers
(mostly from Gujranwala and Lahore) are active
through their agents.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Retailers Wholesaler Contractor Processor Market
Agents
Figure 3.1
Types of Value Chain actor
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
District Level Provincial
Level
National Level International
Level
Other
(Specify)
Fig. 3.2
Geographical Spread of VC actors
8. 3.4 Months in which you trade/deal in this value chain
The buyers of the potato responded in
different ways. The local respondents
(90%) deal in the potato value chain,
from February to May during which they
build their linkage with the farmers and
sub agents at village level and provide
inputs (seeds and fertilizers) and enter
into informal contract for future
purchase of the produce at competitive
price.
Majority of them give inputs on credit to secure future trade with the farmers. When the potato
crop’s harvesting starts in the month of July and August, these actors starts buying the produce
and transport to more profitable market till October hence dealing for six months.
10% actors (buyers), who exist in down country markets, responded that they trade in the value
chain round the year as the cropping season is different for different areas of Pakistan.
3.5 Product – Average Quantity Purchase
The data analysis shows that the
participating buyers are purchasing 375
tons (median of total) potato per season
and the number is double for down
country buyers. The local market in
Chitral has a very limited size to satisfy
the supply during the harvesting season.
Due to limited local demand and
oversupply, the prices decrease at large
and the potato growers shift their
attention to market agents who come
from down country large markets.
According to the market agents and wholesalers there is demand for new varieties like Atlantic,
Bintje, Rose Bhurban, Rosetta and Spunta from the processors of potato who make potato chips
and other value added products. The potato dealers and buyers said during interview that
potato processors enter into contract with farmers and provide their own seed variety. The also
purchase back at the time of harvesting at higher rates than normal market prices. This is one of
the step which large potato processing companies have taken in order to make smooth their
supply of inputs which is crucial to meet their products’ demand in the market.
3.6 Product – Quality of Product Purchase
The buyers prefer to purchase potatoes
that are produced by sowing newly
introduced branded seeds. The red
skinned variety is in high demand which is
used as table potato and seed for
reproduction. According to the local
buyers most demanded brand for the
potato are Rocco, Coroda and Desiree.
However it was observed during
interviews that the local buyers were not
much aware of new varieties and the
0
2
4
6
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Fig. 3.3
Trade activites of traders in the months
0
10,000
20,000
30,000
40,000
50,000
Quantity (tons) Average Price (per ton) Pak
Rs
Fig. 3.4
Quantity purchase and average price
20
60
100
0 00
20
40
60
80
100
120
Certified/
branded/
marked
Uncertified/
unbranded/
unmarked
Specified type/
size and quality
No specified
type/ size and
quality,
whatever is
avabile
Other (Specify)
Fig. 3.5
Quality / varieties
9. reasons behind the high demand for some varieties of potato. They analysis shows that the 80%
of the buyers purchase specified type of potato mostly graded and red skinned. All buyers
involved in the interview are currently buying specified type, size and quality potatoes while 60
percent buyers said that they also buy uncertified/unspecified varieties. Only 20 percent
currently buying certified/branded/marked verities which are very rare in Chitral as per the
buyers. Further questions and clarifications from the buyers to not certified brands explored
that a little or no certified branded seeds are used in Chitral. The farmers are unaware of the
certified brands and their impact on prices and production. The buyers claim that the farmers
cannot afford branded seed due to high prices therefore they use any seed (normally table
potato) available to them in them in the sowing season for reproduction. The main interests of
the buyers in terms of quality are new varieties of potato produced from certified brands, in
specified size/type and properly graded.
3.7 Price – Average Price Per Unit
The buyers purchasing price analysis shows the average price is PKR 19250 per ton per season.
3.8 Buying Preference – Formal contract or competitive process
80% buyers buy at farm gate with informal
(not written & unbound) pre-harvest
agreement through a competitive price
and 20% purchase from middleman. All
buyers are interested in buying directly
from the producers, however majority of
them are not interested in pre-defining
terms for contract especially prices setting
at the time sowing. They are of the view
that normally companies involved in value
addition and product development from
potato enter into such agreements as they
need special varieties and they have
calculated their cost and profits from the final product. The sellers in the market are depended
on the market (Mandi) price where rates are much volatile therefore prior setting of prices
expose them to a high risk.
Majority of the respondents replied that they will prefer to purchase at competitive prices at
harvesting time as the prices of vegetables are highly volatile and entering into agreement by
fixing prices may suffer them. Similarly the road conditions in Chitral are highly exposed to
floods in the harvesting seasons therefore sometimes flood devastate the road infrastructure
and entering into such will be a high risk decision.
4. RESULTS AND FINDINGS – Suppliers (Producers/Farmers):
4.1 Respondents’ Profile
The respondents are farmers who are involved in potato on potato production in their own or
leased fields. The profiles of the respondents are available in ANNEX 2.
4.2 Type of Value Chain Actors
The value chain actors are small holders whose average land under cultivation is 2-3 acres. They
are connected to the market agents (both local and non-local) for the sale of their produce who
further connected to large market agents in down country markets.
80%
20%
0% 0%
Buying Preferences
Direct from
Farmers (%)
From
Middleman (%)
From Market
(Mandi) (%)
Other (Specify)
10. 4.3 Geographic spread of the Value Chain Actors
The farmers’ access is limited in the valleys as (97%) farmers sell their produce at farm gate.
Only 3% farmers have access to large market at provincial and national level.
4.4 Months in which you trade/deal in this value chain
The season for sowing potato starts in the mid of April and continues till the mid of May.
However the farmers start to deal in the value chain by placing inputs (seed and fertilizers)
order to middlemen in the month of February and March. After sowing the crops they involved
in pre-harvest management of field and the crop get ready to harvest in August and September.
So they are involved in the value chain from February to September (8 Months). Many farmers
also showed interest for off-season potato production in lower areas of Chitral.
4.5 Product – Average Quantity Sold
The average quantity every farmer sold is 4 tons (median) per season.
4.6 Product – Quality of Product Sold
Of the participating farmers 83% responded
that they use uncertified seeds whatever is
available from market agents, sellers or self-
stored. 10 percent are selling specified type
(red skinned, graded). Only 7 percent farmers
have understanding of certified seeds. The
major varieties sold are Coroda, Desiree and
Rocco which are mostly produced from
uncertified seeds of these varieties. However
the seed provide satisfactory results in terms of
diseases free produce but the yield is low for
such seeds. The farmers have no or less idea of
better seeds for their fields that can provide
maximum yield.
4.7 Price – Average Price Per Unit
The median selling price of the respondents is PKR 15759/ per ton.
4.8 Place – Selling Point
97% framers are selling their produce to middlemen at farm gate. Only 3% have access to large
markets because they produce relatively at large level.
4.9 Place – Type of Buyers
The farmers are retail buyers of seed who normally purchase from middlemen wholesalers and
market agents.
4.10 Selling Preference – Formal contract
or competitive process
93% farmers sell through informal
agreement (verbal agreement to purchase
back at competitive price) at the time of
inputs purchase from the buyers
(agents/middlemen). Inputs are normally
purchased on credit from the middlemen.
Fig: 4.2
40%
10%
38%
10%
0% 2% 0%
Selling Arrangements
Pre-harvest selling
Post-harvest selling
At farm selling
Packed product selling
Branded product selling
In market selling
Other (Specify)
Fig: 4.1
4%
46%
5%
45%
0%
Quality /variety
Certified/branded/mark
ed
Uncertified/unbranded/
unmarked
Specified type/size and
quality
No specified type/size
and quality, whatever is
avabile
Other (Specify)
11. Only 7% of farmers sell through competitive process at market or to the agents as they use their
own seed and other inputs to plant potato. Similarly these independent farmers also purchase
at large level from other farmers to further sell in the down country. However majority farmers
are interested to enter into formal agreement to sell their produce at competitive price.
5. ANALYSIS
5.1 Quantity, Quality and Price Compatibility b/w Producers and Buyers
The perspectives of the producers and buyers are different in term of quality and price
compatibility.
The average price according to the producers is PKR 15759 while the median purchase price of
buyers is PKR 19000. The difference shows that there are further sub agent packing persons
who mostly come from down country and the difference goes to them. The average price in the
large market is higher than the offered rates of agents who work for large buyers and
wholesalers.
On average, one buyer/market agent purchases 375 tons per season while on average on
farmer is producing 4 tons per season which shows that one buyer can cater 94 farmers. We
can infer here that to meet the said demand, about 470 farmers can be brought under the
umbrella of FEGs. As per this more than 30 FEGs can be formed in potato value in district
Chitral. This also shows that there is enough demand for the produce. Similarly the down
county markets are starving in the month of August and September. The reason is no potato
crops is grown in the summer season in the plain areas of Pakistan and only least supply is
available from the mountainous areas of Gilgit-Baltistan, Chitral, Upper Dir, Batakundi etc.
Buyers’ preference remains for Rocco, Coroda and Desiree brands whereas the producers do
not have understanding of certified and more demanded brands. The farmers say that they
grow from seeds whatever quality/type is available. They further say that the seed from which
they grow doesn’t provide maximum yield that’s why they are in the view that the seed is not
certified. However the markets agents say that they provide specific brand seeds mostly
Desiree and Coroda to the farmers and Rocco is the new variety which is also in high demand.
Furthermore down country buyers import seed or produce their seeds in mountainous areas.
The farmers of Chitral do not have awareness and understanding of producing seed potato
beside huge demand of seed potato and favorable environmental conditions.
The recent trend and demand for processed products of potato creates an opportunity for the
growers. By developing effective linkages of potato growers with potato processors in collective
manner the farmers can get better and less volatile prices. For this purpose effective facilitation
between the parties will be instrumental.
5.2 Limitations of Small Farmers to Develop Linkages with Competitive Buyers
Through this study and field visits observation and investigation, we identified some gaps that
hinder the small farmers to develop linkages with the competitive buyers.
The first limitation is the remoteness of the area from the competitive buyers who reside in
large markets i.e. Gujranwala and Lahore. Due to remoteness from these market agents and
middleman come who purchase the produce at their own terms through artificially
manipulating local prices.
12. The second limitation is the illiteracy of the farmers. The people associated with the potato
production have very limited knowledge of potato production and potato business. They do not
have understanding and exposure of growing potato on commercial basis rather they produce
and sell at farm without understanding its real value.
The farmers as sell locally they do not have market intelligence of market needs, demands and
prices volatility in different markets of Pakistan. The farmers normally plant those varieties that
produce maximum yield and the sizes are large in size. However they don’t know about that
large sizes are not liked in the market. Also each potato seed variety life cycle ends in 5-7 years
which lowers yield.
Another challenge is artificial market price manipulation by buyers at farm gate in order to
reduce the price. In the very beginning of the harvesting season they offer high price but during
this time produce is not much prepared to harvest. If farmers start pre-mature harvesting then
their yield can be low thus they incur losses. Whereas when they wait for mature harvesting
the buyers reduce the price artificially. At that point in time, if the farmers do not sell the
produce at low price then they may incur big losses and even they can’t recover their cost of
harvesting the potato. In addition to this there is no cold storage available to preserve the
produce and sell it at right time. Therefore in this situation farmers sell their produce on throw
away price.
The fifth challenge is that due to small land holding and low productivity of potato each farmer
can’t approach the market solely. Furthermore due to long distance from production area to
main down country market, farmers can’t access the market.
In this situation these challenges can be countered through developing farmers associations or
cooperatives at producers’ level, which will enable them to collectively access large markets
with scale, enhance their market intelligence and bargaining power and increase their ability to
get quality inputs at lower prices.
5.3 Opportunity to Establish Market Linkages of Buyers with Farmer Groups
In potato business not only farmers face difficulties but buyers also face stern difficulties while
dealing with many large number of farmers. Buyers’ major difficulties include packing the
ungraded produce, using low quality packing material, mixing rotten and damaged potato and
also packing the small size potato. Therefore these quality issues hamper selling the produce at
good price.
These very challenges can be overcome by developing effective linkages with of large scale
buyers with farmer enterprise groups and associations of farmers. Farmer enterprise groups can
ensure quality in production, grading and packing & packaging. Similarly it will be easy and
feasible for large scale buyers to approach and negotiate with big chunk of farmers in form
groups/clusters and associations.
These farmer enterprise groups can benefit both farmers and buyers at the same time. Buyers
do not need to negotiate with multiple farmers thus can negotiate with large number of
farmers as a result their time and money both can be saved.
13. 6. FIELD OBSERVATIONS
6.1 Input Supplies
The first and the foremost problem of farmers are quality input supplies. During our focus
group discussion it has been observed that quality inputs are not provided to farmers especially
seeds and fertilizers. Due to non-availability of these qualities input supplies their production
capacity drops. If quality inputs are available on time then their production can be increased to
30-40 percent of the current yield. The farmers cannot afford the quality inputs and rely on
market agents who normally provide low quality inputs on credit.
6.2 Production
Farmers have been practicing primitive techniques of production and they don’t have pre
harvest crop management skills therefore it has also been observed that about 20-30% of their
produce is going into waster. The production can be increased if modern techniques applied.
6.3 Marketing
It has also been observed that marketing is one of the major bottleneck hindering farmers to
fetch better prices. Majority of farmers are in unaware of post-harvest handling techniques and
marketing skills. Farmers just sell their produce without grading, packing, washing, and
packaging. This results in low return for their tireless physical exertion as they have been
making in five to six months.
In addition to this, one more thing which forces to sell their produce on throw away price is
non-availability of cold storage. Harvesting season in Chitral and other mountainous region of
Pakistan is comes in summer during which the plain areas are not feasible for potato plantation
due to hot weather conditions. As a result of this demand for Chitral potato increases manifold
as compared to normal market prices. However, buyers and traders manipulate market
artificially and compel farmers to sell their produce on throw away price. Farmers can’t wait
long because at one side their produce starts to spoil owing to non-availability of proper storage
facility and at the other side they can’t harvest another crop in the same land without removing
potato from the fields.
These two inevitable factors force them to sell their produce. If proper storage is available then
the farmers can fetch huge sum from this produce and can also be saved from exploitation of
traders and buyers.
6.4 Transportation
During discussion with buyers it has been observed that due to long distance from local market
to main down country market transporters exploit traders and buyers. According to
transporters they charge less transportation from Chitral to down country because they actually
come to transport other consumable goods from down country to Chitral. They said that while
going back empty they offer less transportation prices to buyers and traders to cover their fuel
cost. However by making contract with these transporters transportation cost can be reduced.
Another major aspect of transportation is that the transporters use small truck from Chitral city
to Dir due to road problems. From Dir to large markets they use large trucks by off-loading small
truck trucks. During the on-loading and off-loading process the produce also tends to rotten and
its price also increase. Furthermore in some valley due to un-availability of truck roads, small
jeeps are being used for transportation of produces which increases the cost.
6.5 Financing
Financing for investing in seeds and fertilizers is a big problem for farmers. According to farmers
plantation season starts after winter and during long winter season, they just spend whatever
14. they saved during spring and summer. As plantation season starts, they tend to purchase inputs
from market agents on credit with informal contract for purchase of the produce on harvesting
and come in trap of middlemen who first sell the low quality seed at high price and later to
recover the their credit they purchase the produce mostly at their own terms.
If finance is available on time then will not only be able to purchase high quality seed and inputs
at their productivity will increased to double but also sell them at their own terms
independently. In this regards, The First MicroFinance bank and Helping Hands’ Islamic
MircroFinance can play important role. By facilitating coordination among the financiers and
the micro growers or their groups will be play instrumental role in making them independent.
7. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Potato is the number cash crop of small scale farmers in some valleys of Chitral which is claimed
the main source of livelihood for the poor communities. The rapid market assessment shows
that there is huge market demand exists for Chitral potato across Pakistan due to its unique
features and attributes including disease free, fresh and tasty. To cater this huge demand, it
needs to develop interventions strategy that remove the bottlenecks at all levels of value chain.
Intervention shall be made in input, production, process and market level. People of Chitral
have long experience of working with this product thus plenty of human resource is available
coupled with abundance of land.
Some critical programming is needed at levels of potato value chain by marrying human and
physical capital with financial capital while enhancing the skills of human capital by imparting
trainings. As the environmental conditions of Chitral are very favorable for potato production
and a large population is associated with this sector and if this sector starts to perform then this
will create employment opportunities and increase the economic base of the poor rural
communities.
According to the study and other reports the potato producing in Chitral has market edge as on
other produce of a country. The reason is that due to high altitude and cold weather, disease
free potato is being produced. The second attribute of potato of Chitral is, soil is much fertile
and it has not been applied agro chemical intensively on this land therefore yield can be
increased and potato is being produced as seed for rest of Pakistan.
The third attribute is that when the off season starts in down country harvesting season starts
in Chitral, thus can earn huge sums on this produce in the starving market. The fourth attribute
is land available for storage. When harvesting season starts weather starts to shift towards cold
weather, thus only needs to control temperature from dropping down. In order to do this just
digging a rock and make a storage as do in Afghanistan and other neighboring countries.
In order to exploit above attributes following recommendations have been given by farmers
and traders.
a) The farmers should be motivated to be organized in commercial ways to collectively make
their efforts for conducting potato business so that they can access large market and
accumulate resources easily.
b) The commercially organized farmers’ capacity shall be increased to efficiently and
effectively operate their enterprises in an organized and profitable manner.
c) Pre and post-harvest trainings shall be imparted to increase yield and quality.
15. d) New technology and tools should be transferred to the farmers along with training for
sowing and packing to ensure maximum productivity and efficiency.
e) Farmer associations/Cooperatives should be made to counter buyers exploitation and
increase market access
f) Enterprise and marketing trainings shall be imparted to both farmers and local buyers
g) Market linkages of micro growers’ groups/associations shall be made with large scale
buyers in down country
h) Potato value addition enterprises should be established/facilitated in Chitral.
i) As the environmental conditions are very suitable for potato seed production so the
farmers’ groups shall be sensitized and motivated for registered seed production and
development of seed brand. However this can be done by engaging lead enterprises from
private sector that can develop and promote the brand with consistent supply of potato
seeds. Associations can also be engage in managing this process, however the capacity of
association will matter in this regard.
j) Motivation should be created in youth and educated people to enter into potato business
growing and value addition business.
k) As recently the demand is increasing for processed products like French Fries, Lays etc.
there should be meetings and contracts with processors for vertical backward integration of
FEGs for sustainability. In this regard PEPSI Co., OnePotatoTwoPotato etc. can be engage to
develop their backward linkages in Chitral.
l) Storage facilities should be constructed at cluster/FEG level for storage of produce and
seeds.
16. Annex 1
Profile of Potato Buyers
Name Contact Number Address
Safeerullah 0345-9177712 Chew Bazar Danin Chitral
Latifullah 0333-8957848 Thenkshen Jang Bazar Chitral
Dilawar Khan 0347-8886543 Shop No. 4 Shahi Bazar Chitral
Nadeem Ilyas 0315-8253333 Sabizi Mandi Islamabad
Rahmat Karim Shah 0943- Near Khyberbank Chew Bazar Chitral
Annex 2
Profile of Potato Growers
Name Contact Number Address
Ishfaq ur Rahman 0341-5367525 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Muhammad Yahya 0347-9634172 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Sayedullah 0943-312829 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Noorul Amin Birmogh Golain Chitral
Muahammad Ibrahim 0943-300022 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Mehrab Hassan 0943-319208 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Sher Muhammad 0943-318369 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Inayatur Rehman 0943-319208 Birmogh Golain Chitral
Durdana Khan Birmogh Golain Chitral
Sarfaraz Khan Birmogh Golain Chitral
Sher Suat Khan Istur Golain
Fazal Azam 0943-312294 Istur Golain
Fazal Rabbi 0943-312294 Istur Golain
Ahmad Azam 0332-9608872 Istur Golain
Shafiq Ahmad Istur Golain
Ayat ullah 0346-5589697 Istur Golain
Fazullah 0943-312288 Istur Golain
Jamshed Ahmad Istur Golain
Rahmat Saddam 0943-8992663 Istur Golain
Issa Muhammad 0342-8920021 Istur Golain
Muhammad Amin 0943-308172 Munoor Garum Chashma Chitral
Zabar Khan 0943-309363 Kandujal Garum Chashma Chitral
Abdul Murad Khan 0333-4488021 Zaitoor Garum Chashma Chitral
Shafi Rahmat 0943-303873 Royee Garum Chashma Chitral
MahNoor 0943-302921 Kandujal Garum Chashma Chitral
Khanan 0943-309709 Munoor Garum Chashma Chitral
Dool 0943-320615 Munoor Garum Chashma Chitral
Syed Nadir Shah 0943-303303 Zaitoor Garum Chashma Chitral
Bakhtiar Khan 0943-314335 Royee Garum Chashma Chitral
Muhammad Rahim 0943-308836 Munoor Garum Chashma Chitral