The respiratory system is responsible for gas exchange in the body. It takes oxygen from the air we breathe in through the trachea and into the lungs. In the lungs, oxygen passes into the bloodstream in tiny air sacs called alveoli, while carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli and is breathed out. Key parts include the trachea, larynx, bronchi, lungs, alveoli, diaphragm, and bronchioles which work together to inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.