1. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
BY
SARAH PAUL
ARPITHA BABU THYKATIL
JANVI AMARDEEP JOSEPH

2. The Respiratory System
 Basic functions of the respiratory system
 Supplies body with oxygen
 Disposes of carbon dioxide
 Four processes involved respiration
 Pulmonary ventilation
 External respiration
 Transport of respiratory gases
 Internal respiration
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3. Functional Anatomy of the
Respiratory System
 Respiratory organs
 Nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses
 Pharynx, larynx, and trachea
 Bronchi and smaller branches
 Lungs and alveoli
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4. Organs of the Respiratory
System
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5. The Nose
 Provides an airway for respiration
 Moistens and warms air
 Filters inhaled air
 Resonating chamber for speech
 Houses olfactory receptors
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6. The Larynx
 Three functions
 Voice production
 Provides an open airway
 Routes air and food into the proper channels
 Superior opening is
 Closed during swallowing
 Open during breathing
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7. The Trachea
 Descends into the mediastinum
 C-shaped cartilage rings keep airway open
 Carina
 Marks where trachea divides into two primary
bronchi
 Epithelium
 Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
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8. The Trachea
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9. Bronchi
 Bronchial tree
 Extensively branching respiratory passageways
 Primary bronchi (main bronchi)
 Largest bronchi
 Right main bronchi
 Wider and shorter than the left
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10. Bronchi
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11. Structures of the Respiratory
Zone
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12. Structures of the Respiratory
Zone
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13. Anatomy of Alveoli and the
Respiratory Membrane
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14. Location of Lungs in Thoracic
Cavity
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15. Bronchopulmonary Segments
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16. Blood Supply and Innervation of
the Lungs
 Pulmonary arteries
 Deliver oxygen-poor blood to the lungs
 Pulmonary veins
 Carry oxygenated blood to the heart
 Innervation
 Sympathetic, parasympathetic, and visceral
sensory fibers
 Parasympathetic – constrict airways
 Sympathetic – dilate airways
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17. Disorders of Respiratory
Structures
 Cystic fibrosis (CF) – inherited disease
 Exocrine gland function is disrupted
 Respiratory system affected by
 Oversecretion of viscous mucus
 Epistaxis – nosebleed
 Epiglottitis – inflammation and swelling of
the epiglottis
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18. Aging of the Respiratory System
 Number of glands in the nasal mucosa declines
 Nose dries
 Produces thickened mucus
 Thoracic wall becomes more rigid
 Lungs lose elasticity
 Oxygen levels in the blood may fall
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings