The document describes how to decode the color bands on a resistor to determine its resistance value and tolerance. It explains that the first two color bands represent the first two digits, the third band is the multiplier, and the fourth band indicates the tolerance. It then provides the formulas for calculating the lower and upper resistance range based on the tolerance. Finally, it reviews the formulas for calculating total resistance in series and parallel circuits.

1. Carbon Composition
Resistor

4. CODED VALUE OF RESISTOR

5. 1. First color band is green, table value: 5
2. Second color band is blue, table value: 6
Value after first and second color band: 56
3. Third color is yellow, table value (multiplier): 10KΩ
56 x 10KΩ = 560 KΩ
4. Fourth color is gold, indicating the tolerance (how much more/less
can the actual resistance of the resistor can be used for): ±5%
Decoding a Resistor Color Band

7. 1.To determine the lower range used:
Lower Limit = coded value - the product of the
coded value and tolerance
2. To determine the higher range used:
Upper Limit = coded value + the product of
the coded value and tolerance
RESISTANCE RANGE

8. RESISTANCE IN SERIES CIRCUIT
TOTAL RESISTANCE
•R1 + R2 + R3

9. RESISTANCE IN PARALLEL
CIRCUIT
TOTAL RESISTANCE
•1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3
• If you only have two resistors of equal values, total
resistance = half of resistor value
•If you were to continue adding resistors, total
resistance will drop due to its inverse relationship.

10. COLOR BAND COMBINATION