Research VS Political Involvement

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Amirah Basir

- Introduction - Similar Cases - Tests: Publicity, Faith, Professional, Harm - Conclusion

Science

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In the Nice model of solar system formation, Uranus and Neptune undergo an orbital upheaval, sweeping through a planetesimal disk. The region of the disk from which material is accreted by the ice giants during this phase of their evolution has not previously been identified. We perform direct N-body orbital simulations of the four giant planets to determine the amount and origin of solid accretion during this orbital upheaval. We find that the ice giants undergo an extreme bombardment event, with collision rates as much as ∼3 per hour assuming km-sized planetesimals, increasing the total planet mass by up to ∼0.35%. In all cases, the initially outermost ice giant experiences the largest total enhancement. We determine that for some plausible planetesimal properties, the resulting atmospheric enrichment could potentially produce sufficient latent heat to alter the planetary cooling timescale according to existing models. Our findings suggest that substantial accretion during this phase of planetary evolution may have been sufficient to impact the atmospheric composition and thermal evolution of the ice giants, motivating future work on the fate of deposited solid material.

Extensive Pollution of Uranus and Neptune’s Atmospheres by Upsweep of Icy Mat...

Sérgio Sacani

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

muralinath2

A great way to know Halal Agriculture and Fisheries in the Philippines. The majority of the country's total production of high-value commodities, such as rubber, pineapple, banana and coffee, comes from Mindanao. It also supplies over 40 percent of the country's food requirements and contributes more than 30 percent to the national food trade. Islam generally considers every food halal unless it is specifically prohibited in hadith or the Qur'an. Specifically, halal foods are those that are: Made, produced, manufactured, processed, and stored using machinery, equipment, and/or utensils that have been cleaned according to Islamic law (shariah) HALAL STANDARD – refers to the guidelines provided in the Philippine National Standard on Halal Foods (PNS 2067:2008), the general guidelines under this Act and the technical guidelines of the accredited halal certifying bodies. The country's major agricultural crops are rice, corn, coconut, sugarcane, banana, cassava, pineapple, and vegetables. The major livestock products are hog, cattle, carabao, goat, and dairy products. The Halal Industry in the Philippines In the Philippines where a good number of citizens are Muslim, state-sanctioned programs promote the development of halal-certified food to encourage stronger trade relations with Muslim-dominated countries as well as to locally motivate the food industry to provide more halal options for tourists. Aside from attracting business externally, halal food is also being promoted as a healthier alternative for non-Muslims since these are sure to be free of alcohol, pork, and pork-derived products. In the Philippines where a good number of citizens are Muslim, state-sanctioned programs promote the development of halal-certified food to encourage stronger trade relations with Muslim-dominated countries as well as to locally motivate the food industry to provide more halal options for tourists. Aside from attracting business externally, halal food is also being promoted as a healthier alternative for non-Muslims since these are sure to be free of alcohol, pork, and pork-derived products. What is halal and why is it important? Halal in Arabic means “acceptable” and this applies to different facets of life including lifestyle, fashion, cosmetics, and of course, food.[1] Eating is considered a huge part of a Muslim’s religious life as it was stated in the the Quran (sacred Muslim scripture) that the body should be well-nourished so the person can better contribute to society both mentally and physically. Only food that has been certified to be Halal is considered to be fit for consumption. The Department of Trade and Industry’s (DTI) Bureau of Public Standards (PBS) is the only agency which deals with halal accreditation bodies, inspection bodies, and laboratories. The PAB has represented the Philippines in the International Halal Accreditation Forum since 2017. As of 2020, there are nine halal certification bodies in the country that can also certify

Seminar on Halal AGriculture and Fisheries.pptx

RUDYLUMAPINET2

Mammals have dominated Earth for approximately 55 Myr thanks to their adaptations and resilience to warming and cooling during the Cenozoic. All life will eventually perish in a runaway greenhouse once absorbed solar radiation exceeds the emission of thermal radiation in several billions of years. However, conditions rendering the Earth naturally inhospitable to mammals may develop sooner because of long-term processes linked to plate tectonics (short-term perturbations are not considered here). In ~250 Myr, all continents will converge to form Earth’s next supercontinent, Pangea Ultima. A natural consequence of the creation and decay of Pangea Ultima will be extremes in pCO2 due to changes in volcanic rifting and outgassing. Here we show that increased pCO2, solar energy (F⨀; approximately +2.5% W m−2 greater than today) and continentality (larger range in temperatures away from the ocean) lead to increasing warming hostile to mammalian life. We assess their impact on mammalian physiological limits (dry bulb, wet bulb and Humidex heat stress indicators) as well as a planetary habitability index. Given mammals’ continued survival, predicted background pCO2 levels of 410–816 ppm combined with increased F⨀ will probably lead to a climate tipping point and their mass extinction. The results also highlight how global landmass configuration, pCO2 and F⨀ play a critical role in planetary habitability.

Climate extremes likely to drive land mammal extinction during next supercont...

Sérgio Sacani

Recent discoveries of Earth-sized planets transiting nearby M dwarfs have made it possible to characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial planets via follow-up spectroscopic observations. However, the number of such planets receiving low insolation is still small, limiting our ability to understand the diversity of the atmospheric composition and climates of temperate terrestrial planets. We report the discovery of an Earth-sized planet transiting the nearby (12 pc) inactive M3.0 dwarf Gliese 12 (TOI-6251) with an orbital period (Porb) of 12.76 days. The planet, Gliese 12 b, was initially identified as a candidate with an ambiguous Porb from TESS data. We confirmed the transit signal and Porb using ground-based photometry with MuSCAT2 and MuSCAT3, and validated the planetary nature of the signal using high-resolution images from Gemini/NIRI and Keck/NIRC2 as well as radial velocity (RV) measurements from the InfraRed Doppler instrument on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope and from CARMENES on the CAHA 3.5 m telescope. X-ray observations with XMM-Newton showed the host star is inactive, with an X-ray-to-bolometric luminosity ratio of log 5.7 L L X bol » - . Joint analysis of the light curves and RV measurements revealed that Gliese 12 b has a radius of 0.96 ± 0.05 R⊕,a3σ mass upper limit of 3.9 M⊕, and an equilibrium temperature of 315 ± 6 K assuming zero albedo. The transmission spectroscopy metric (TSM) value of Gliese 12 b is close to the TSM values of the TRAPPIST-1 planets, adding Gliese 12 b to the small list of potentially terrestrial, temperate planets amenable to atmospheric characterization with JWST.

Gliese 12 b: A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 pc Ideal for Atmospheric Tr...

Sérgio Sacani

The highest priority recommendation of the Astro2020 Decadal Survey for space-based astronomy was the construction of an observatory capable of characterizing habitable worlds. In this paper series we explore the detectability of and interference from exomoons and exorings serendipitously observed with the proposed Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) as it seeks to characterize exoplanets, starting in this manuscript with Earth-Moon analog mutual events. Unlike transits, which only occur in systems viewed near edge-on, shadow (i.e., solar eclipse) and lunar eclipse mutual events occur in almost every star-planet-moon system. The cadence of these events can vary widely from ∼yearly to multiple events per day, as was the case in our younger Earth-Moon system. Leveraging previous space-based (EPOXI) lightcurves of a Moon transit and performance predictions from the LUVOIR-B concept, we derive the detectability of Moon analogs with HWO. We determine that Earth-Moon analogs are detectable with observation of ∼2-20 mutual events for systems within 10 pc, and larger moons should remain detectable out to 20 pc. We explore the extent to which exomoon mutual events can mimic planet features and weather. We find that HWO wavelength coverage in the near-IR, specifically in the 1.4 µm water band where large moons can outshine their host planet, will aid in differentiating exomoon signals from exoplanet variability. Finally, we predict that exomoons formed through collision processes akin to our Moon are more likely to be detected in younger systems, where shorter orbital periods and favorable geometry enhance the probability and frequency of mutual events.

Exomoons & Exorings with the Habitable Worlds Observatory I: On the Detection...

Sérgio Sacani

National Biodiversity protection initiatives and Convention on Biological Di...

PABOLU TEJASREE

Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

Richard Gill

biotech-regenration of plants, pharmaceutical applications.pptx

ANONYMOUS

SAMPLING.pptx for analystical chemistry sample techniques

rodneykiptoo8

Shuaib Y-basedComprehensive mahmudj.pptx

MdAbuRayhan16

Hadean zircons provide a potential record of Earth's earliest subduction 4.3 billion years ago. Itremains enigmatic how subduction could be initiated so soon after the presumably Moon‐forming giant impact(MGI). Earlier studies found an increase in Earth's core‐mantle boundary (CMB) temperature due to theaccumulation of the impactor's core, and our recent work shows Earth's lower mantle remains largely solid, withsome of the impactor's mantle potentially surviving as the large low‐shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs). Here,we show that a hot post‐impact CMB drives the initiation of strong mantle plumes that can induce subductioninitiation ∼200 Myr after the MGI. 2D and 3D thermomechanical computations show that a high CMBtemperature is the primary factor triggering early subduction, with enrichment of heat‐producing elements inLLSVPs as another potential factor. The models link the earliest subduction to the MGI with implications forunderstanding the diverse tectonic regimes of rocky planets.

A Giant Impact Origin for the First Subduction on Earth

Sérgio Sacani

Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC)

abhishekdhamu51

Anemia_ different types_causes_ conditions

muralinath2

Introduction: RNA interference (RNAi) or Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing (PTGS) is an important biological process for modulating eukaryotic gene expression. It is highly conserved process of posttranscriptional gene silencing by which double stranded RNA (dsRNA) causes sequence-specific degradation of mRNA sequences. dsRNA-induced gene silencing (RNAi) is reported in a wide range of eukaryotes ranging from worms, insects, mammals and plants. This process mediates resistance to both endogenous parasitic and exogenous pathogenic nucleic acids, and regulates the expression of protein-coding genes. What are small ncRNAs? micro RNA (miRNA) short interfering RNA (siRNA) Properties of small non-coding RNA: Involved in silencing mRNA transcripts. Called “small” because they are usually only about 21-24 nucleotides long. Synthesized by first cutting up longer precursor sequences (like the 61nt one that Lee discovered). Silence an mRNA by base pairing with some sequence on the mRNA. Discovery of siRNA? The first small RNA: In 1993 Rosalind Lee (Victor Ambros lab) was studying a non- coding gene in C. elegans, lin-4, that was involved in silencing of another gene, lin-14, at the appropriate time in the development of the worm C. elegans. Two small transcripts of lin-4 (22nt and 61nt) were found to be complementary to a sequence in the 3' UTR of lin-14. Because lin-4 encoded no protein, she deduced that it must be these transcripts that are causing the silencing by RNA-RNA interactions. Types of RNAi ( non coding RNA) MiRNA Length (23-25 nt) Trans acting Binds with target MRNA in mismatch Translation inhibition Si RNA Length 21 nt. Cis acting Bind with target Mrna in perfect complementary sequence Piwi-RNA Length ; 25 to 36 nt. Expressed in Germ Cells Regulates trnasposomes activity MECHANISM OF RNAI: First the double-stranded RNA teams up with a protein complex named Dicer, which cuts the long RNA into short pieces. Then another protein complex called RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) discards one of the two RNA strands. The RISC-docked, single-stranded RNA then pairs with the homologous mRNA and destroys it. THE RISC COMPLEX: RISC is large(>500kD) RNA multi- protein Binding complex which triggers MRNA degradation in response to MRNA Unwinding of double stranded Si RNA by ATP independent Helicase Active component of RISC is Ago proteins( ENDONUCLEASE) which cleave target MRNA. DICER: endonuclease (RNase Family III) Argonaute: Central Component of the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) One strand of the dsRNA produced by Dicer is retained in the RISC complex in association with Argonaute ARGONAUTE PROTEIN : 1.PAZ(PIWI/Argonaute/ Zwille)- Recognition of target MRNA 2.PIWI (p-element induced wimpy Testis)- breaks Phosphodiester bond of mRNA.)RNAse H activity. MiRNA: The Double-stranded RNAs are naturally produced in eukaryotic cells during development, and they have a key role in regulating gene expression .

RNA INTERFERENCE: UNRAVELING GENETIC SILENCING

AADYARAJPANDEY1

The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March 2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.

Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...

Sérgio Sacani

Below are the important points I note from the 2020 paper by Martin Grohe: - 1-WL distinguishes almost all graphs, in a probabilistic sense - Classical WL is two dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman - DeepWL is an unlimited version of WL graph that runs in polynomial time. - Knowledge graphs are essentially graphs with vertex/edge attributes ABSTRACT: Vector representations of graphs and relational structures, whether handcrafted feature vectors or learned representations, enable us to apply standard data analysis and machine learning techniques to the structures. A wide range of methods for generating such embeddings have been studied in the machine learning and knowledge representation literature. However, vector embeddings have received relatively little attention from a theoretical point of view. Starting with a survey of embedding techniques that have been used in practice, in this paper we propose two theoretical approaches that we see as central for understanding the foundations of vector embeddings. We draw connections between the various approaches and suggest directions for future research.

word2vec, node2vec, graph2vec, X2vec: Towards a Theory of Vector Embeddings o...

Subhajit Sahu

Within the uncertainties of involved astronomical and biological parameters, the Drake Equation typically predicts that there should be many exoplanets in our galaxy hosting active, communicative civilizations (ACCs). These optimistic calculations are however not supported by evidence, which is often referred to as the Fermi Paradox. Here, we elaborate on this long-standing enigma by showing the importance of planetary tectonic style for biological evolution. We summarize growing evidence that a prolonged transition from Mesoproterozoic active single lid tectonics (1.6 to 1.0 Ga) to modern plate tectonics occurred in the Neoproterozoic Era (1.0 to 0.541 Ga), which dramatically accelerated emergence and evolution of complex species. We further suggest that both continents and oceans are required for ACCs because early evolution of simple life must happen in water but late evolution of advanced life capable of creating technology must happen on land. We resolve the Fermi Paradox (1) by adding two additional terms to the Drake Equation: foc (the fraction of habitable exoplanets with significant continents and oceans) and fpt (the fraction of habitable exoplanets with significant continents and oceans that have had plate tectonics operating for at least 0.5 Ga); and (2) by demonstrating that the product of foc and fpt is very small (< 0.00003–0.002). We propose that the lack of evidence for ACCs reflects the scarcity of long-lived plate tectonics and/or continents and oceans on exoplanets with primitive life.

The importance of continents, oceans and plate tectonics for the evolution of...

Sérgio Sacani

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

Health Advances

electrochemical gas sensors and their uses.pptx

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Extensive Pollution of Uranus and Neptune’s Atmospheres by Upsweep of Icy Mat...

Hemoglobin metabolism_pathophysiology.pptx

Seminar on Halal AGriculture and Fisheries.pptx

Climate extremes likely to drive land mammal extinction during next supercont...

Gliese 12 b: A Temperate Earth-sized Planet at 12 pc Ideal for Atmospheric Tr...

Exomoons & Exorings with the Habitable Worlds Observatory I: On the Detection...

National Biodiversity protection initiatives and Convention on Biological Di...

Richard's entangled aventures in wonderland

biotech-regenration of plants, pharmaceutical applications.pptx

SAMPLING.pptx for analystical chemistry sample techniques

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A Giant Impact Origin for the First Subduction on Earth

Microbial Type Culture Collection (MTCC)

Anemia_ different types_causes_ conditions

RNA INTERFERENCE: UNRAVELING GENETIC SILENCING

Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...

word2vec, node2vec, graph2vec, X2vec: Towards a Theory of Vector Embeddings o...

The importance of continents, oceans and plate tectonics for the evolution of...

The ASGCT Annual Meeting was packed with exciting progress in the field advan...

electrochemical gas sensors and their uses.pptx

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