The document outlines the presentation for research on fraud and work ethics awareness in Malaysian public sectors. It includes the research topic, problem statement, research questions, objectives, and paradigm. The problem statement notes that while ethics promotion is emphasized, fraud cases continue rising in Malaysia's public sectors due largely to poor internal controls and a lack of fraud awareness training. The research aims to measure and understand fraud awareness and its impact, as well as identify issues and the relationship between awareness and controls. A quantitative survey approach will be used.

1. Presentation Outlines
 Research Topic
 Problem Statement
 Research Questions
 Research Objectives
 Research Paradigm
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2. Research Topic
Topic:
Frauds and Work Ethics Awareness in Malaysian Public
Sectors
Frauds – use of deception with the intention of
obtaining an advantage, avoiding an obligation or
causing loss of another party.
 Corruption
 Revenue/Assets Improperly Gained
 Misappropriation of Assets
 Other Misconducts
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3. Research Topic
Work Ethics
-Discipline of dealing with what is good and bad with
moral duty and obligation
 Principles
 Codes of Ethic
 Implementations
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4. Research Topic
Public Sectors – A political organization set up with
the power to direct, regulate and control a country.
 Political Party
 Legislator
 Law Enforcer
 Other government officers
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5. Problem Statement (1)
 While there is a systematic campaign in Malaysia to
promote ethics and integrity as a tool for quality
public services, fraud cases in Malaysia continued
to rises.
 Majority of fraud is perpetrated internally
 Despite heavy reliance being placed on internal
controls to prevent and detect fraud, poor and
inadequate internal controls have failed to prevent
and detect fraud
 Employees are not adequately trained to detect
early warning fraud signs (“red flags”)
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6. Problem Statement (2)
 Greed/lifestyle and personal financial pressure were
cited as the two most common motivations for fraud;
 Poor internal controls followed by collusion between
employees and third party and poor ethical practices
were the three most important factors contributing to
major frauds;
 Despite the increasing risk and complexity of fraud
in the current environment, many companies have
not reviewed the adequacy and sufficiency fraud of
its prevention strategies.
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7. Problem Statement (3)
 Overall most fraud was detected internally, with
internal controls being the most common method
followed by notification by employees, internal audit
review, notification by customer/supplier and
whistleblower
 While fraud in corporate arena continued to be
discusses in literature, it seems fraud cases within
the public sector have not been well represented in
the literature.
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8. 1) What is the level of awareness with regard to
frauds and ethics in public sector?
2) Does the level of awareness in public sector
contribute to the number of fraud cases in public
sector?
3) Does fraud and ethic awareness in public sector
varies with respect to their level of rank in the
system?
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9. Research Objectives
1) To measure the level of fraud and ethics
awareness among public servants.
2) To understand and recognize the nature of fraud in
public sectors.
3) To understand and recognize the impact of fraud in
public sector.
4) To identify current issues and problems pertaining
to fraud and ethics in public sector
5) To study the correlation between fraud awareness
and current control in public sector.
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10. Research Paradigm
Research Research Research Methods Examples
Paradigms Approach
Positivism Quantitative Surveys and -Relationship between
correlational awareness of fraud and
the integrity level of
relevant
departments/ministry in
public sector
-Attitude of public servant
towards fraud according to
their level of education.
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