A white paper from America's Natural Gas Alliance (ANGA) encouraging the Obama Dept. of Energy to get off its collective rear-end and approve a host of proposed LNG export terminals that it has delayed approving. ANGA says this is an opportunity that if lost, we won't see again.
2019 Election| LNG| Natural Resources| Canada| August 2019paul young cpa, cga
Canada is one of the top exporters of Natural Gas
Canada lacks the LNG capacity to expand LNG exports
United States continues to expand its export market for its LNG - https://www.forbes.com/sites/judeclemente/2018/08/05/despite-trade-war-u-s-natural-gas-exports-booming-to-record-highs/#173faff614ea
Canada regulatory process will get messier if bill C-69 becomes law - https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/video/what-bill-c-69-means-for-industry~1483271
Ey & Cerebral Business Research Shale Gas Reportarjuncerebral
Surging shale gas production in the US, as well as the possibility of replication of this success worldwide, has the potential
to revolutionize the global energy market. Widely dispersed shale gas reserves indicate the strong potential of shale gas to
emerge as a major alternative source of energy worldwide. According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA),
technically recoverable shale gas resources globally stand at 7,299 trillion cubic feet (tcf) 1. To put this into perspective, global
natural gas consumption amounted to 116.7 tcf in 20122.
Hydraulic fracturing technology and horizontal drilling have made the revolution possible and continue to be a topic of
debate across the world. Countries such as China, Poland and Argentina view development of shale gas as a key means to
achieve energy security. On the other hand, countries such as France and Bulgaria are concerned about the impact on the
environment and, therefore, continue to impose a moratorium on shale gas-related activities. The hydrocarbon regulatory
regime in most countries was developed prior to the shale boom and relates to conventional exploration and development.
Countries that anticipate an upturn in their shale-related activity may need to modify their existing regulations to include shale
gas or they may have to devise a new regime to govern unconventional resource development.
An issue brief/report from the Manhattan Institute. The 20-page report says now is the time for the U.S. to press its advantage in shale energy. The report's writer, senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute, Oren Cass, points out the cyclical nature of commodity prices for oil and gas and says even though prices are down now--they won't stay that way. In order to take full advantage of the shale boom, Cass suggests 11 reforms to help craft a smarter U.S. energy policy--one that will amplify the current boom and extend it far into the future.
2019 Election| LNG| Natural Resources| Canada| August 2019paul young cpa, cga
Canada is one of the top exporters of Natural Gas
Canada lacks the LNG capacity to expand LNG exports
United States continues to expand its export market for its LNG - https://www.forbes.com/sites/judeclemente/2018/08/05/despite-trade-war-u-s-natural-gas-exports-booming-to-record-highs/#173faff614ea
Canada regulatory process will get messier if bill C-69 becomes law - https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/video/what-bill-c-69-means-for-industry~1483271
Ey & Cerebral Business Research Shale Gas Reportarjuncerebral
Surging shale gas production in the US, as well as the possibility of replication of this success worldwide, has the potential
to revolutionize the global energy market. Widely dispersed shale gas reserves indicate the strong potential of shale gas to
emerge as a major alternative source of energy worldwide. According to the US Energy Information Administration (EIA),
technically recoverable shale gas resources globally stand at 7,299 trillion cubic feet (tcf) 1. To put this into perspective, global
natural gas consumption amounted to 116.7 tcf in 20122.
Hydraulic fracturing technology and horizontal drilling have made the revolution possible and continue to be a topic of
debate across the world. Countries such as China, Poland and Argentina view development of shale gas as a key means to
achieve energy security. On the other hand, countries such as France and Bulgaria are concerned about the impact on the
environment and, therefore, continue to impose a moratorium on shale gas-related activities. The hydrocarbon regulatory
regime in most countries was developed prior to the shale boom and relates to conventional exploration and development.
Countries that anticipate an upturn in their shale-related activity may need to modify their existing regulations to include shale
gas or they may have to devise a new regime to govern unconventional resource development.
An issue brief/report from the Manhattan Institute. The 20-page report says now is the time for the U.S. to press its advantage in shale energy. The report's writer, senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute, Oren Cass, points out the cyclical nature of commodity prices for oil and gas and says even though prices are down now--they won't stay that way. In order to take full advantage of the shale boom, Cass suggests 11 reforms to help craft a smarter U.S. energy policy--one that will amplify the current boom and extend it far into the future.
ASIA LNG Demand to Quadruple By 2030
The biggest buyers of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in Northeast Asia—which account for more than half of the world’s LNG market—could see their total subcontracted demand rising fourfold by 2030
Report: LNG and Renewable Power: Risk and Opportunity in a Changing WorldMarcellus Drilling News
A report titled "LNG and Renewable Power: Risk and Opportunity in a Changing World" from The Brattle Group. The report finds that competition between renewable power and gas-fired generation using liquefied natural gas (LNG) from North America is increasing in overseas markets as a result of declining renewable power costs. It has significant ramifications for many LNG export projects now on the books.
Wacko Report - A Bridge Too Far: How Appalachian Basin Gas Pipeline Expansion...Marcellus Drilling News
An environmentalist wacko manifesto that says we should stop all new natural gas (and other fossil fuel) pipeline development in the Northeast because it will lead to Mom Earth frying to a crisp from Global Warming. Unadulterated bull crap, the entire report.
LNG Supply System for Nuclear Plant- Cunico CorpCunico Corp
Within 10 years the majority of shipping vessels will run on LNG...a cleaner, alternative fuel source. The newest innovation in LNG carrier engine design, M-type, electronically controlled, gas injection (ME-GI) engines, optimize the capability of slow speed engines by running directly off BOG (removing the need to reliquefy the gas) or utilizing fuel oil, and ME-GI propulsion results in less fuel consumption.
Environmental legislation is currently impacting the marine market segment. Ships were traditionally powered by Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO), which produces high levels of harmful pollutants. LNG is one of the only fuel source able to comply with the environmental legislation.
A new research paper recently published by researchers at the University of Wyoming takes a close look at the economic benefits and potential pitfalls of shale drilling. The paper, titled "The Economics of Shale Gas Development" was accepted last November for publication later this year in the Annual Review of Resources Economics. The upshot of the paper is this: there are ENORMOUS economic benefits from shale drilling--and we'll realize those benefits as long as we don't screw it up. That is, we need to be mindful of, and careful to manage, the environmental impacts from drilling.
A sort of "year in review" for the gas industry in the northeast. If you could boil it all down, the word that appears prominently throughout is "delay" with respect to important natgas pipeline projects. From the Constitution, which should have already been built by now, to smaller projects, delays were the prominent trend for 2016.
The US Coal Crash – Evidence for Structural Change (PDF) finds that, in the last few years, US coal markets have been pounded by a combination of cheaper renewables, energy efficiency measures, increasing construction costs and a rash of legal challenges, as well as the rise of shale gas.
2017 clean energy presentation dodenhoff y20170608 linked in nonotesJim Dodenhoff
This presentation will track the major policy, market, and economic changes that have occurred between June 2016 and June 2017 and their broad impact on U.S. Clean Energy programs. The paper will identify how significantly U.S. energy policy and markets can change----or not--------over a year.
How Shale Gas is Shaping Energy Security and Environmental Issues across the ...Hitachi in the U.S.A.
The 5th Eco-Engineering Forum was centered on the ongoing shale gas boom and how it is shaping energy security and environmental issues across the world.
Copy of a letter sent by the Natural Gas Supply Association to the NY Dept. of Environmental Conservation, politely requesting they get off their considerable rear-ends and approve air permits for Dominion's New Market Project.
Cruel Summer: Natural Gas Market Expectations for Summer 2017 ReportPointLogicEnergy
Take the Temperature of the Market Today and Forecast
Where It's Headed Tomorrow. Understand key demand drivers in summer 2017, implications for the future, latest projections for Northeast pipeline takeaway capacity, a forward outlook based on supply, production and demand trends, and more!
PRESS RELEASE
Potential of Renewable Energy Outlined in Report by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Experts Underline Significant Future Role in Cutting Greenhouse Gas Emissions and
Powering Sustainable Development
Over 160 Scenarios on the Potential of six Renewable Energy Technologies Reviewed by
Global Team of Technological Experts and Scientists
11
th
Session of Working Group III
Preview pages for the Marcellus and Utica Shale Databook 2014, Volume 3. This third volume (of three) features 92 detailed maps and charts showing where Marcellus & Utica Shale well permits have been issued throughout PA, OH and WV for September through December of 2014. Each detail map shows major natural gas pipelines, the location of compressor stations, and the locations for each permit issued appended with the driller's name. Also in this edition: A look at Marcellus well decline rates and the factors that influence a well's productivity; a comprehensive list of the 179 waste facilities that accept Marcellus/Utica Shale waste, including injection wells, landfills and more. This is must-have information for landowners, drillers, and anyone interested in answering the questions--who's drilling where and how much? Many other special features make this an indispensable tool for those with an interest in drilling in the Marcellus/Utica. Visit this page for more details: http://marcellusdrilling.com/databook.
Is Marcellus Shale Frack Wastewater More Radioactive Than Previously Thought?Marcellus Drilling News
A study by the University of Iowa researchers, titled "Understanding the Radioactive Ingrowth and Decay of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in the Environment: An Analysis of Produced Fluids from the Marcellus Shale" and published in the peer reviewed journal Environmental Health Perspectives in April 2015. The research reportedly shows a new method for testing the total potential radioactivity of shale wastewater not previously considered. The chief shortcoming of the research is that it is based on a single sample from a single Marcellus Shale well.
ASIA LNG Demand to Quadruple By 2030
The biggest buyers of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in Northeast Asia—which account for more than half of the world’s LNG market—could see their total subcontracted demand rising fourfold by 2030
Report: LNG and Renewable Power: Risk and Opportunity in a Changing WorldMarcellus Drilling News
A report titled "LNG and Renewable Power: Risk and Opportunity in a Changing World" from The Brattle Group. The report finds that competition between renewable power and gas-fired generation using liquefied natural gas (LNG) from North America is increasing in overseas markets as a result of declining renewable power costs. It has significant ramifications for many LNG export projects now on the books.
Wacko Report - A Bridge Too Far: How Appalachian Basin Gas Pipeline Expansion...Marcellus Drilling News
An environmentalist wacko manifesto that says we should stop all new natural gas (and other fossil fuel) pipeline development in the Northeast because it will lead to Mom Earth frying to a crisp from Global Warming. Unadulterated bull crap, the entire report.
LNG Supply System for Nuclear Plant- Cunico CorpCunico Corp
Within 10 years the majority of shipping vessels will run on LNG...a cleaner, alternative fuel source. The newest innovation in LNG carrier engine design, M-type, electronically controlled, gas injection (ME-GI) engines, optimize the capability of slow speed engines by running directly off BOG (removing the need to reliquefy the gas) or utilizing fuel oil, and ME-GI propulsion results in less fuel consumption.
Environmental legislation is currently impacting the marine market segment. Ships were traditionally powered by Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO), which produces high levels of harmful pollutants. LNG is one of the only fuel source able to comply with the environmental legislation.
A new research paper recently published by researchers at the University of Wyoming takes a close look at the economic benefits and potential pitfalls of shale drilling. The paper, titled "The Economics of Shale Gas Development" was accepted last November for publication later this year in the Annual Review of Resources Economics. The upshot of the paper is this: there are ENORMOUS economic benefits from shale drilling--and we'll realize those benefits as long as we don't screw it up. That is, we need to be mindful of, and careful to manage, the environmental impacts from drilling.
A sort of "year in review" for the gas industry in the northeast. If you could boil it all down, the word that appears prominently throughout is "delay" with respect to important natgas pipeline projects. From the Constitution, which should have already been built by now, to smaller projects, delays were the prominent trend for 2016.
The US Coal Crash – Evidence for Structural Change (PDF) finds that, in the last few years, US coal markets have been pounded by a combination of cheaper renewables, energy efficiency measures, increasing construction costs and a rash of legal challenges, as well as the rise of shale gas.
2017 clean energy presentation dodenhoff y20170608 linked in nonotesJim Dodenhoff
This presentation will track the major policy, market, and economic changes that have occurred between June 2016 and June 2017 and their broad impact on U.S. Clean Energy programs. The paper will identify how significantly U.S. energy policy and markets can change----or not--------over a year.
How Shale Gas is Shaping Energy Security and Environmental Issues across the ...Hitachi in the U.S.A.
The 5th Eco-Engineering Forum was centered on the ongoing shale gas boom and how it is shaping energy security and environmental issues across the world.
Copy of a letter sent by the Natural Gas Supply Association to the NY Dept. of Environmental Conservation, politely requesting they get off their considerable rear-ends and approve air permits for Dominion's New Market Project.
Cruel Summer: Natural Gas Market Expectations for Summer 2017 ReportPointLogicEnergy
Take the Temperature of the Market Today and Forecast
Where It's Headed Tomorrow. Understand key demand drivers in summer 2017, implications for the future, latest projections for Northeast pipeline takeaway capacity, a forward outlook based on supply, production and demand trends, and more!
PRESS RELEASE
Potential of Renewable Energy Outlined in Report by the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Experts Underline Significant Future Role in Cutting Greenhouse Gas Emissions and
Powering Sustainable Development
Over 160 Scenarios on the Potential of six Renewable Energy Technologies Reviewed by
Global Team of Technological Experts and Scientists
11
th
Session of Working Group III
Preview pages for the Marcellus and Utica Shale Databook 2014, Volume 3. This third volume (of three) features 92 detailed maps and charts showing where Marcellus & Utica Shale well permits have been issued throughout PA, OH and WV for September through December of 2014. Each detail map shows major natural gas pipelines, the location of compressor stations, and the locations for each permit issued appended with the driller's name. Also in this edition: A look at Marcellus well decline rates and the factors that influence a well's productivity; a comprehensive list of the 179 waste facilities that accept Marcellus/Utica Shale waste, including injection wells, landfills and more. This is must-have information for landowners, drillers, and anyone interested in answering the questions--who's drilling where and how much? Many other special features make this an indispensable tool for those with an interest in drilling in the Marcellus/Utica. Visit this page for more details: http://marcellusdrilling.com/databook.
Is Marcellus Shale Frack Wastewater More Radioactive Than Previously Thought?Marcellus Drilling News
A study by the University of Iowa researchers, titled "Understanding the Radioactive Ingrowth and Decay of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials in the Environment: An Analysis of Produced Fluids from the Marcellus Shale" and published in the peer reviewed journal Environmental Health Perspectives in April 2015. The research reportedly shows a new method for testing the total potential radioactivity of shale wastewater not previously considered. The chief shortcoming of the research is that it is based on a single sample from a single Marcellus Shale well.
The very first Drilling Productivity Report (DRP) issued by the U.S. Energy Information Administation. The report, using charts and graphs, shows how efficient (or not) rigs are at drilling, and how productive (or not) wells are, by region/shale play. Among the very important metrics tracked is the decline rate of newly drilled wells–how quickly the gas and oil flowing out of shale wells peters out. This first report shows the Marcellus Shale has (astonishingly) hit 12 billion cubic feet per day of natural gas production.
NY Court of Appeals Decision in Walter R Beardslee v Inflection EnergyMarcellus Drilling News
The decision in a case before New York's highest court, the Court of Appeals, that finds the concept of force majeure does not grant energy companies the right to extend oil and gas leases beyond the initial term even if a state government moratorium or ban is placed on shale drilling. In essence, it guts the force majeure clause in state contracts, rendering such a clause useless and screwing contract law in New York State. A very poor decision.
Report: Youth Perspectives on Marcellus Shale Gas Development: Community Chan...Marcellus Drilling News
The fourth report in a series published by The Center for Rural Pennsylvania, a bipartisan, bicameral legislative agency that serves as a resource for rural policy within the Pennsylvania General Assembly. This report is the result of interviews with young people in areas that see heavy drilling. Their feedback can be summed as--they aren't much impressed by the shale drilling industry nor in working for it.
A list of the top 100 oil and top 100 natural gas fields in the U.S. The shale revolution has changed the U.S. oil and gas picture. In the space of five short years, shale oil fields in Texas displaced Alaska's Prudhoe Bay as the number one and two sources of new crude oil. The might Marcellus has become the #1 natural gas producer (in 2009 it was in the bottom half of the list of 100!). All thanks to the miracle of hydraulic fracturing.
A report published by the Cleveland Fed researchers that examines national and Fourth District (KY, OH, WV, PA) trends in energy production and prices.
Study of Methane Emissions in the Marcellus, Haynesville and Fayetteville Sha...Marcellus Drilling News
A new study by researchers at the University of Colorado’s Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Titled "Quantifying atmospheric methane emissions from the Haynesville, Fayetteville, and northeastern Marcellus shale gas production regions," the new study finds very little methane leakage in the Marcellus Shale region--less than 1/2 of 1%.
The Mountaineer XPress project is approximately 150 miles of new pipeline with approximately 2.7Bcf per day of transportation capacity from existing and future points of receipt along or near CPG’s system, most of it located in West Virginia.
Draft revisions to proposed new changes to Chapter 78 drilling regulations, released by the Tom Wolf administration in March 2015. Public comments will be held and the final rules won't be ready until early 2016. This process started all the way back in 2011.
Tuscarora Lateral Project - Open House Presentation on New 17-Mile Pipeline i...Marcellus Drilling News
Empire Pipeline, a subsidiary of National Fuel Gas Company (which also owns driller Seneca Resources) is asking the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) for approval on a new 17-mile pipeline in Steuben County, NY. The project is called the Tuscorara Lateral Project and will cost a projected $43 million. The pipeline will connect a gas storage field and compressor station in Tuscarora, NY (also owned by National Fuel Gas) with the existing Empire Pipeline network--a network that stretches from Buffalo to Syracuse and down to Corning. This "little" piece of pipeline will open up much needed extra volumes of natural gas for Upstate New Yorkers.
A cockamamie report encouraging investors to divest from fossil fuels "before it's too late" to do so. The entire thrust of the argument is based on the incorrect theory that mankind is causing the earth to warm catastrophically. With reports this dumb from HSBC, you have to wonder why anyone does business with them!
Executive Summary of EPA Draft Report on Fracking Impacts on Water Supplies -...Marcellus Drilling News
An Executive Summary for a draft EPA report titled "Assessment of the Potential Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing
for Oil and Gas on Drinking Water Resources". The study reviews data from 950 sources and concludes that while certain known and minor affects can happen (drawing down water too low), fracking DOES NOT POLLUTE WATER SUPPLIES. That is the takeaway from this study by the Obama EPA.
The PowerPoint slide deck from the Sunoco Logistics first quarter 2014 analyst call. On pages 9 & 10 are maps showing Mariner East 1 & 2 and Mariner West. Page 11 contains some quick facts about the Marcus Hook refinery and Sunoco Logsitics' plans for NGLs going to Marcus Hook.
Motion to Intervene in ET Rover Pipeline Application for Eminent Domain befor...Marcellus Drilling News
A motion by Columbus, OH law firm Goldman & Braunstein to prevent ET Rover from obtaining eminent domain to install the ET Rover pipeline without first negotiating with individual landowners. Eminent domain takes all of the bargaining power away from landowners. This motion attempts to remedy that.
A statewide poll of New York's registered voters taken by Siena College in January. While the poll shows a majority of New Yorkers believe Gov. Cuomo's decision to ban fracking was the right decision, the state is still very divided on the issue. Some 43% either oppose that decision or don't have enough information to have an opinion on the ban. Very troubling for Cuomo is that 40% of his own voters either have an "unfavorable" or "no" opinion of him. The simple truth is, he's not all that popular in his own state, a fact which means he'll have a difficult time running for president.
A research paper published by the nonpartisan Brookings Institution that finds the shale and fracking revoluation in America have had enormous economic benefits for all Americans--particularly those who burn natural gas. The average gas-burning household now saves over $200 per year because of lower gas prices, thanks to fracking.
A slide presentation from Bryan Evans presented at the April 8, 2013 NACE/Pipeliners Joint Meeting in Atlanta, GA. The presentation dealt with the phenomenon of AC electricity running through high voltage lines potentially corroding nearby underground pipelines--and how to mitigate potential problems.
A new report, published Dec. 11, 2014, from PwC that shows US shale gas development
is maturing swiftly. Its momentous growth is not only changing the country’s energy mix, and affecting energy markets globally. It’s also giving US manufacturing a boost through significant cost savings and jobs creation, according to a PwC analysis.
ACCF Letter to DOE Sec. Ernest Moniz Requesting Expedited Approval of LNG Exp...Marcellus Drilling News
A letter from the American Council for Capital Formation to Dept. of Energy Sec. Ernest Moniz making the case for more liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports. The DOE under Moniz is charged with approving exports of energy to countries with no free trade agreement with the U.S. They have approved 5 such facilities, but another 21 permits have been filed. Anti-drillers don't want more exports. ACCF provides Moniz with compelling reasons to push forward, quickly, with approvals for more of the LNG export facilities.
The PA Gas Outlook Report is published annually by the PA Public Utility Commission. The report summarizes the financial and supply data for PA's natural gas distribution companies (NGDCs) and looks at changes and trends in the natural gas market, including usage, financial status of utilities, and market pricing.
The fourth in a series of briefings by the Energy Security and Climate Initiative at Brookings on developments in the natural gas market. This latest brief, titled "An Assessment of U.S. Natural Gas Exports", provides an overview of regulations in the U.S. that control LNG exports, along with an assessment of how competitive the U.S. is compared with other suppliers emerging worldwide.
A study released in December 2016 by the London School of Economics, titled "On the Comparative Advantage of U.S. Manufacturing: Evidence from the Shale Gas Revolution." While America has enough shale gas to export plenty of it, exporting it is not as economic as exporting oil due to the elaborate processes to liquefy and regassify natural gas--therefore a lot of the gas stays right here at home, making the U.S. one of (if not the) cheapest places on the planet to establish manufacturing plants, especially for manufacturers that use natural gas and NGLs (natural gas liquids). Therefore, manufacturing, especially in the petrochemical sector, is ramping back up in the U.S. For every two jobs created by fracking, another one job is created in the manufacturing sector.
Outlook for Energy and Minerals Markets - for the 116th CongressRoger Atkins
TESTIMONY OF KEVIN BOOK MANAGING DIRECTOR, CLEARVIEW ENERGY PARTNERS, LLC
BEFORE THE
U.S. SENATE COMMITTEE
ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
FEBRUARY 5, 2019
Research done while in PwC Mexico. A short version was published within the publication "The Future of Pacific Alliance", launched in the presidential summit of Chile in 2016.
An annual report issued by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission on the state of energy markets in the U.S. In this year's report, FERC says most places across the country have seen a bump up in pipelines over the past 10 years, relieving constrained natural gas transportation. Except for the Marcellus/Utica region. In the northeast, FERC expects the situation of oversupply and not enough pipelines to get resolved in 2019.
Persuasive Speech Outline CRE 101 24 June 2013Natural .docxherbertwilson5999
Persuasive Speech Outline
CRE 101 24 June 2013
Natural Gas Hydraulic Fracturing and its effect on the economy and environment
Specific purpose for this speech: To persuade the audience to accept and support gas fracturing to harvest gas
Central idea: As a nation the United States needs to take steps to discover alternate sources of energy. With our growing demand for all types of energy and dependence on foreign sources of energy, natural gas fracturing can bring revenue and independence from our energy concerns.
Introduction
I. Attention Material
A. The economy has benefited by a process known as hydraulic fracturing or simply “fracking,” since the year 1947. The process starts with drilling beneath the surface to extract natural gas that is located within the rocks. Water along with other components is released beneath the surface which fractures (fracks) the deep rock to create the passage for the gas to reach the surface. Once the gas has reached the surface it enters the wells that were created for collection. From there the gas is ready to be potted and sold.
B. With the current turmoil in the Persian Gulf, and the amount of energy the United States consumes, we’re running quickly running out of fossil fuels. Our dependence on foreign energy can be significantly reduced if natural gas can be harnessed as a primary energy source.
C. With all the rise in hydraulic fracturing harvesting plants several job opportunities have become available for Americans. Job opportunities started rising as drilling and fracking of the natural gas became more common. Job creation is key to avoiding economic failure. States that currently allow facking are reporting revenue gains in the millions and billions of dollars.
D. While we agree that natural gas fracking and the environmental regulations should be more strictly regulated, it is not as harmful to the environment as some would make you believe. States are already taking measures to ensure the environment and communities are protected. With such regulations in place and further measures taking shape, the benefits of gas fracking far outweigh the risks.
I. Thesis (Conclusion): The of the process of hydraulic fracturing the economy has become more refined, the jobs and income it brings provide a myriad of opportunities. Crucial independence from foreign imported energy. While some tout this process as harmful and damaging, it’s actually regulated, and studies by government agencies have been done. Fracking is the energy of the future.
II. Preview of Main Points: Today we will discuss how a new energy resource has become available, along with the job opportunities, and how hydraulic fracturing is less harmful then oil drilling itself. The basics of hydraulic fracturing have already been discussed, so we will move into detail on how this process is beneficial.
Body:
I. The need for a new energy source, and independence from foreign energy
A. Our energy consumption
1. Oil is our larg.
Aranca views - Shale Gas - the Next Cradle of Energy?Aranca
As of 2013, recoverable shale gas resources account for nearly one third of the total gas energy resources of the world. The article highlights US, Europe, China, Canada & GCC region's shale gas statistics, impacts & consumption.
Is Coal A Sinking Ship?
The CTI report " Carbon Supply Cost Curves: Evaluating Financial Risk to Coal Capital Expenditures" provides investors and coal companies with a tool – the carbon supply cost curve – which helps identify the projects where the most financial risk lies and direct capital away from them.
Quarterly legislative action update: Marcellus and Utica shale region (4Q16)Marcellus Drilling News
A quarterly update from the legal beagles at global law firm Norton Rose Fulbright. A quarterly legislative action update for the second quarter of 2016 looking at previously laws acted upon, and new laws introduced, affecting the oil and gas industry in Pennsylvania, Ohio and West Virginia.
An update from Spectra Energy on their proposed $3 billion project to connect four existing pipeline systems to flow more Marcellus/Utica gas to New England. In short, Spectra has put the project on pause until mid-2017 while it attempts to get new customers signed.
A letter from Rover Pipeline to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission requesting the agency issue the final certificate that will allow Rover to begin tree-clearing and construction of the 511-mile pipeline through Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Ohio and Michigan. If the certificate is delayed beyond the end of 2016, it will delay the project an extra year due to tree-clearing restrictions (to accommodate federally-protected bats).
DOE Order Granting Elba Island LNG Right to Export to Non-FTA CountriesMarcellus Drilling News
An order issued by the U.S. Dept. of Energy that allows the Elba Island LNG export facility to export LNG to countries with no free trade agreement with the U.S. Countries like Japan and India have no FTA with our country (i.e. friendly countries)--so this is good news indeed. Although the facility would have operated by sending LNG to FTA countries, this order opens the market much wider.
Letter From 24 States Asking Trump & Congress to Withdraw the Unlawful Clean ...Marcellus Drilling News
A letter from the attorneys general from 24 of the states opposed to the Obama Clean Power Plan to President-Elect Trump, RINO Senate Majority Leader Mitch McConnel and RINO House Speaker Paul Ryan. The letter asks Trump to dump the CPP on Day One when he takes office, and asks Congress to adopt legislation to prevent the EPA from such an egregious overreach ever again.
Report: New U.S. Power Costs: by County, with Environmental ExternalitiesMarcellus Drilling News
Natural gas and wind are the lowest-cost technology options for new electricity generation across much of the U.S. when cost, public health impacts and environmental effects are considered. So says this new research paper released by The University of Texas at Austin. Researchers assessed multiple generation technologies including coal, natural gas, solar, wind and nuclear. Their findings are depicted in a series of maps illustrating the cost of each generation technology on a county-by-county basis throughout the U.S.
Annual report issued by the U.S. Energy Information Administration showing oil and natural gas proved reserves, in this case for 2015. These reports are issued almost a year after the period for which they report. This report shows proved reserves for natural gas dropped by 64.5 trillion cubic feet (Tcf), or 16.6%. U.S. crude oil and lease condensate proved reserves also decreased--from 39.9 billion barrels to 35.2 billion barrels (down 11.8%) in 2015. Proved reserves are calculated on a number of factors, including price.
The monthly tabulation and prediction from the U.S. Energy Information Administration on production and activity in the largest 7 U.S. shale plays. All 7 shale plays will experience a decrease in natural gas production from the previous month due to low commodity prices.
Velocys is the manufacturer of gas-to-liquids (GTL) plants that convert natural gas (a hyrdocarbon) into other hydrocarbons, like diesel fuel, gasoline, and even waxes. This PowerPoint presentation lays out the Velocys plan to get the company growing. GTL plants have not (so far) taken off in the U.S. Velocys hopes to change that. They specialize in small GTL plants.
PA DEP Revised Permit for Natural Gas Compression Stations, Processing Plants...Marcellus Drilling News
In January 2016, Gov. Wolf announced the DEP would revise its current general permit (GP-5) to update the permitting requirements for sources at natural gas compression, processing, and transmission facilities. This is the revised GP-5.
PA DEP Permit for Unconventional NatGas Well Site Operations and Remote Piggi...Marcellus Drilling News
In January 2016, PA Gov. Wolf announced the Dept. of Environmental Protection would develop a general permit for sources at new or modified unconventional well sites and remote pigging stations (GP-5A). This is the proposed permit.
Onerous new regulations for the Pennsylvania Marcellus Shale industry proposed by the state Dept. of Environmental Protection. The new regs will, according to the DEP, help PA reduce so-called fugitive methane emissions and some types of air pollution (VOCs). This is liberal Gov. Tom Wolf's way of addressing mythical man-made global warming.
The monthly Short-Term Energy Outlook (STEO) from the U.S. Energy Information Administration for December 2016. This issue makes a couple of key points re natural gas: (1) EIA predicts that natural gas production in the U.S. for 2016 will see a healthy decline over 2015 levels--1.3 billion cubic feet per day (Bcf/d) less in 2016. That's the first annual production decline since 2005! (2) The EIA predicts the average price for natural gas at the benchmark Henry Hub will climb from $2.49/Mcf (thousand cubic feet) in 2016 to a whopping $3.27/Mcf in 2017. Why the jump? Growing domestic natural gas consumption, along with higher pipeline exports to Mexico and liquefied natural gas exports.
The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission responded to each point raised in a draft copy of the PA Auditor General's audit of how Act 13 impact fee money, raised from Marcellus Shale drillers, gets spent by local municipalities. The PUC says it's not their job to monitor how the money gets spent, only in how much is raised and distributed.
Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission Act 13/Impact Fees Audit by PA Auditor...Marcellus Drilling News
A biased look at how 60% of impact fees raised from PA's shale drilling are spent, by the anti-drilling PA Auditor General. He chose to ignore an audit of 40% of the impact fees, which go to Harrisburg and disappear into the black hole of Harrisburg spending. The Auditor General claims, without basis in fact, that up to 24% of the funds are spent on items not allowed under the Act 13 law.
The final report from the Pennsylvania Dept. of Environmental Protection that finds, after several years of testing, no elevated levels of radiation from acid mine drainage coming from the Clyde Mine, flowing into Ten Mile Creek. Radical anti-drillers tried to smear the Marcellus industry with false claims of illegal wastewater dumping into the mine, with further claims of elevated radiation levels in the creek. After years of testing, the DEP found those allegations to be false.
FERC Order Denying Stay of Kinder Morgan's Broad Run Expansion ProjectMarcellus Drilling News
Several anti-drillers filed an appeal of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's Certificate for the Kinder Morgan Broad Run Expansion Project, asking for a stay claiming a removal of 40 acres of forest for a compressor station would irreparably harm Mom Earth. FERC has ruled against the stay and told the antis Mom Earth will be just fine.
Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals Decision in Harper v Muskingum Watershed Conse...Marcellus Drilling News
Anti-drilling landowners (backed by Food & Water Watch) claimed the Muskingum Watershed Conservancy District had violated the deed to the land it owns by leasing that land for Utica Shale drilling. The Sixth Circuit dismissed the case. The anti-drillers lost.
Final Environmental Impact Statement for NEXUS Gas Transmission ProjectMarcellus Drilling News
The Final Environmental Impact Statement (FEIS) for the NEXUS Pipeline project, a $2 billion, 255-mile interstate pipeline that will run from Ohio through Michigan and eventually to the Dawn Hub in Ontario, Canada. FERC gave the project a thumbs up, which clears the way for a Certificate to be issued in early 2017.
31052024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
In a May 9, 2024 paper, Juri Opitz from the University of Zurich, along with Shira Wein and Nathan Schneider form Georgetown University, discussed the importance of linguistic expertise in natural language processing (NLP) in an era dominated by large language models (LLMs).
The authors explained that while machine translation (MT) previously relied heavily on linguists, the landscape has shifted. “Linguistics is no longer front and center in the way we build NLP systems,” they said. With the emergence of LLMs, which can generate fluent text without the need for specialized modules to handle grammar or semantic coherence, the need for linguistic expertise in NLP is being questioned.
हम आग्रह करते हैं कि जो भी सत्ता में आए, वह संविधान का पालन करे, उसकी रक्षा करे और उसे बनाए रखे।" प्रस्ताव में कुल तीन प्रमुख हस्तक्षेप और उनके तंत्र भी प्रस्तुत किए गए। पहला हस्तक्षेप स्वतंत्र मीडिया को प्रोत्साहित करके, वास्तविकता पर आधारित काउंटर नैरेटिव का निर्माण करके और सत्तारूढ़ सरकार द्वारा नियोजित मनोवैज्ञानिक हेरफेर की रणनीति का मुकाबला करके लोगों द्वारा निर्धारित कथा को बनाए रखना और उस पर कार्यकरना था।
‘वोटर्स विल मस्ट प्रीवेल’ (मतदाताओं को जीतना होगा) अभियान द्वारा जारी हेल्पलाइन नंबर, 4 जून को सुबह 7 बजे से दोपहर 12 बजे तक मतगणना प्रक्रिया में कहीं भी किसी भी तरह के उल्लंघन की रिपोर्ट करने के लिए खुला रहेगा।
03062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
01062024_First India Newspaper Jaipur.pdfFIRST INDIA
Find Latest India News and Breaking News these days from India on Politics, Business, Entertainment, Technology, Sports, Lifestyle and Coronavirus News in India and the world over that you can't miss. For real time update Visit our social media handle. Read First India NewsPaper in your morning replace. Visit First India.
CLICK:- https://firstindia.co.in/
#First_India_NewsPaper
role of women and girls in various terror groupssadiakorobi2
Women have three distinct types of involvement: direct involvement in terrorist acts; enabling of others to commit such acts; and facilitating the disengagement of others from violent or extremist groups.
Report: LNG Exports are America's Once-in-a-Generation Opportunity
1. Carpe Diem:
LNG Exports Are America’s
Once-in-a-Generation
Opportunity
White Paper By
APRIL 2015
2. 1
Introduction
The
United
States
can
be
a
global
energy
leader
by
exporting
a
share
of
our
abundant
natural
gas
supplies
without
sacrificing
the
competitive
advantage
enjoyed
by
domestic
manufacturers.
But
we
need
to
act
soon.
The
enormous
reserves
of
natural
gas
in
the
United
States
have
dramatically
changed
the
global
energy
equation.
The
Potential
Gas
Committee’s1
(PGC)
freshly
issued
biennial
report
has
yielded
for
the
sixth
time
in
a
row
a
record
natural
gas
resource
assessment.
The
bottom
line:
U.S.
natural
gas
consumption
in
2014
totaled
27
trillion
cubic
feet
(Tcf),
yet
the
total
volume
of
U.S.
natural
gas
recoverable
with
existing
technology
is
2,853
Tcf
—
more
than
100
times
greater.
In
addition,
the
U.S.
Energy
Information
Administration’s
(EIA)
2015
Annual
Energy
Outlook
projects
increased
domestic
natural
gas
production
and
stable
prices
for
decades
to
come.
While
some
continue
to
call
for
restrictions
on
liquefied
natural
gas
(LNG)
exports,
these
latest
figures
provide
more
evidence
that
we
have
an
opportunity
to
reap
all
of
the
economic,
geopolitical
and
environmental
benefits
of
LNG
exports,
while
continuing
to
fuel
a
manufacturing
renaissance
at
home.
The
markets
are
giving
us
the
same
message.
Royal
Dutch
Shell
announced
its
intention
to
acquire
BG
Group
for
$70
billion,
with
analysts
calling
the
move
primarily
a
bet
on
robust
global
trade
in
LNG.
Further,
even
in
an
environment
of
soft
global
oil
prices,
companies
have
maintained
their
efforts
to
gain
approval
from
the
Federal
Energy
Regulatory
Commission
(FERC)
for
LNG
export
facilities.
But
the
global
demand
for
LNG
is
not
infinite.
Many
countries
are
making
plans
to
compete.
The
time
for
the
U.S.
to
act
is
now.
ANGA
urges
the
Department
of
Energy
(DOE)
to
move
forward
as
quickly
as
possible
to
approve
all
terminals
now
in
its
queue,
and
we
ask
Congress
to
enact
legislation
that
enjoys
strong
bipartisan
support
to
help
expedite
and
provide
certainty
to
the
permitting
process.
This
paper
details
the
many
advantages
of
exporting
LNG
and
addresses
the
overheated
rhetoric
by
some
opponents.
It
also
outlines
the
domestic
manufacturing
opportunities,
the
energy
security
benefits
for
America
and
its
allies,
and
the
environmental
improvements
that
can
be
made
by
exporting
natural
gas.
Thanks
to
the
shale
revolution,
America
faces
a
future
of
energy
abundance.
It
should
share
this
bounty
with
the
world.
The
United
States
can
be
a
global
energy
leader
without
sacrificing
its
domestic
advantage.
For
its
citizens
and
its
allies,
the
United
States
should
seize
the
day.
1
A
group
of
highly
knowledgeable
and
experienced
geologists,
engineers
and
others
who,
since
1964,
have
assessed
the
technically
recoverable
natural
gas
resource
base
in
the
United
States
on
a
biennial
basis.
The
Colorado
School
of
Mines
(CSM)
leads
the
work
of
the
PGC.
3. 2
Supply:
Does
the
U.S.
Have
Enough
Natural
Gas
to
Use
at
Home
and
to
Export?
Can
the
U.S.
export
natural
gas
without
“giving
away
our
domestic
advantage”?
The
simple
answer
is
yes.
U.S.
natural
gas
supply
is
vast
and
recoverable
enough
to
support
significant
market
growth
across
the
economy,
including
power
generation,
manufacturing,
transportation
and
exports.
The
most
recent
PGC
projections
join
a
host
of
credible
assessments
from
industry,
academia
and
government
showing
a
range
of
technically
recoverable
gas
from
2,266
to
3,933
Tcf
(Figure
1).
Of
these
reserves,
ICF
International
estimates
that
more
than
1,500
Tcf
of
natural
gas
is
available
at
$5/MMBTU
or
less.2
The
long-‐term
advantage
our
nation
enjoys
as
a
result
of
this
abundance
was
confirmed
by
PGC’s
most
recent
findings.
“Our
present
assessment,
strengthened
by
robust
domestic
production
levels
and
reserves
bookings,
demonstrates
an
exceptionally
strong
and
optimistic
gas
supply
picture
for
the
nation,”
said
Dr.
John
B.
Curtis,
the
committee’s
top
geologist
and
Professor
Emeritus
of
Geology
and
Geological
Engineering
at
the
Colorado
School
of
Mines.
Figure
1:
Technically
Recoverable
Reserves
2
ICF
International,
“U.S.
LNG
Exports:
Impacts
on
Energy
Markets
and
the
Economy,”
May
2013,
45.
4. 3
Since
2005,
U.S.
natural
gas
production
has
increased
41
percent.
The
EIA
2015
Annual
Energy
Outlook
projects
a
further
48
percent
increase
in
production
from
2010
to
2035
(Figure
2).3
EIA
confirms
in
its
report
that
increased
natural
gas
production
will
support
growing
demand
from
LNG
exports.4
Figure
2:
U.S.
Natural
Gas
Production
Natural
Gas
Production
(TCF):
Reference
Given
the
broad
and
data-‐driven
consensus
affirming
our
nation’s
enormous
natural
gas
supplies,
suggestions
by
some
opponents
of
LNG
exports
—
groups
like
America’s
Energy
Advantage
and
the
Industrial
Energy
Consumers
of
America
(IECA)
—
that
the
resource
is
inadequate
to
support
both
domestic
needs
and
LNG
exports
simply
have
no
basis
in
fact.
Just
a
few
years
ago,
energy
experts
expected
the
U.S.
to
become
a
major
importer
of
natural
gas.
The
shale
revolution
has
virtually
eliminated
the
need
for
imports
and
EIA
now
projects
America
will
instead
be
a
net
natural
gas
exporter
by
2017.5
3
EIA,
“Annual
Energy
Outlook
2015:
Total
Energy
Supply,
Disposition,
and
Price
Summary,
Reference
Case
Table,”
May,
2015,
accessed
April
15,
2015.
4
U.S.
Energy
Information
Administration,
“Effect
of
Increased
Levels
of
Liquefied
Natural
Gas
Exports
on
U.S.
Energy
Markets,”
October
2014,
12,
http://www.eia.gov/analysis/requests/fe/pdf/lng.pdf.
5
EIA,
“Annual
Energy
Outlook
2015,”
April,
2015,
ES-‐1.
0
10
20
30
40
2000
2005
2010
2015
2020
2025
2030
2035
AEO
2010
AEO
2015
Historical
5. 4
Source:
DOE
&
FERC
The
Need
for
Action
The
LNG
export
licensing
and
permitting
process
involves
both
FERC
and
DOE.
The
FERC
process
is
extensive,
predictable,
requires
significant
investment
from
the
applicant
and
provides
meaningful
opportunity
for
public
comment
and
input.
While
DOE
made
improvements
to
its
permitting
procedures
in
August
2014,
the
need
for
certainty
and
quicker
action
remains.
Applications
continue
to
languish
far
too
long
and
the
U.S.
stands
to
gain
immensely
from
expediting
these
processes.
Applicants
will
be
better
able
to
estimate
their
costs,
construction
timelines
and
labor
needs
if
they
can
more
accurately
estimate
the
time
these
licensing
processes
will
take.
Figure
3
shows
that
those
terminals
that
have
received
FERC
approval
all
applied
to
DOE
three
to
five
years
ago.
More
than
half
of
the
dozens
of
applications
awaiting
approval
were
sent
to
the
federal
government
in
2012
or
earlier.
Figure
3:
DOE
Approval
Timeline
Terminal
Applied
to
DOE
Final
Approval
at
FERC
Final
Approval
at
DOE
Days
between
FERC
and
DOE
Approvals
Sabine
Pass
7-‐Sep-‐10
16-‐Apr-‐12
7-‐Aug-‐12
113
Freeport
LNG
17-‐Dec-‐10
30-‐Jul-‐14
20-‐Nov-‐14
113
Carib
Energy
20-‐Oct-‐11
N/A
20-‐Sep-‐14
N/A
Cameron
LNG
21-‐Dec-‐11
19-‐Jun-‐14
16-‐Sep-‐14
89
Cove
Point
3-‐Oct-‐11
30-‐Sep-‐14
Still
waiting
Corpus
Christi
31-‐Aug-‐12
20-‐Dec-‐14
Still
waiting
An
unpredictable
licensing
process
could
keep
U.S.
LNG
exports
from
entering
the
global
market.
Proposed
global
LNG
capacity
outside
the
United
States
is
approximately
50
billion
cubic
feet
per
day
(Bcf/d).
However,
recent
studies
project
global
demand
for
natural
gas
to
increase
between
18
and
38
Bcf/d
by
2025.
Given
the
disparity
between
projected
demand
and
the
number
of
facilities
proposed
worldwide,
the
window
of
opportunity
for
the
U.S.
to
capture
some
of
this
global
demand
is
narrow
(Figure
4).
Further,
LNG
export
facilities
cost
billions
of
dollars
and
take
several
years
to
build.
6. 5
Figure
4:
Global
LNG
Export
Capacity
and
Demand
We
urge
the
administration
to
continue
finding
ways
to
move
applications
more
quickly.
We
also
believe
it
is
important
for
Congress
to
enact
legislation
to
expedite
and
provide
certainty
to
the
approval
process.
The
House
has
passed
a
bill
(HR
351)
that
would
require
DOE
to
process
permits
within
30
days
of
FERC
approval,
while
Senate
legislation
(S
33)
sets
a
45-‐day
approval
window
for
DOE.
Both
measures
enjoy
strong
bipartisan
support.
And,
Energy
Secretary
Ernest
Moniz
has
stated
that
DOE
will
be
able
to
comply
with
this
legislation
if
enacted.
ANGA
urges
Congress
to
move
these
important
measures
forward
as
soon
as
possible.
These
are
logical,
prudent
steps
to
provide
certainty
to
markets,
investors
and
the
entire
natural
gas
supply
chain.
As
a
result,
they
boost
the
competitiveness
of
the
U.S.
in
this
growing
market,
increasing
the
likelihood
our
nation
will
reap
significant
domestic
economic
benefits
while
advancing
both
clean
energy
and
global
energy
security
throughout
the
world.
Price
Impacts
and
Economic
Opportunities
Associated
With
LNG
Exports
Opponents
of
natural
gas
exports
frequently
cite
implausible
export
scenarios
in
claiming
that
shipping
gas
overseas
will
increase
domestic
prices.
Fortunately,
the
facts
tell
a
different
story.
DOE
has
conducted
multiple,
comprehensive
analyses
—
both
internally
through
EIA
and
with
outside
consultants
—
concluding
there
are
significant
domestic
economic
benefits
at
all
levels
of
exports
considered,
with
very
modest
price
impacts
(Figure
5).
7. 6
In
January
2012,
EIA
published
a
study
examining
the
impacts
of
LNG
exports
at
both
6
Bcf/d
and
12
Bcf/d
levels.
The
analysis
found
at
the
6
Bcf/d
level,
every
incremental
Bcf/d
would
increase
prices
just
9
cents
per
MMBtu;
for
the
12
Bcf/d
level,
the
projected
domestic
price
impact
would
be
about
11
cents
per
incremental
Bcf/d.
Just
two
years
later
in
2014,
with
the
true
scale
of
the
U.S.
shale
gas
revolution
more
apparent,
price
impact
estimates
fell
dramatically.
In
EIA’s
subsequent
study
analyzing
LNG
export
levels
at
high
scenarios
of
12
Bcf/d,
16
Bcf/d
and
20
Bcf/d,
price
impacts
per
incremental
Bcf/d
were
just
a
quarter
of
EIA’s
2012
estimates.
At
the
12
Bcf/d
level,
an
incremental
Bcf/d
added
just
3
cents
to
the
domestic
price
of
natural
gas.6
Figure
5:
Projected
Natural
Gas
Price
Change
Per
Incremental
Bcf/d
Exported
Opponents
point
to
price
increases
they
claim
would
result
from
implausibly
high
export
volumes
as
a
reason
not
to
export
at
all.
What
they
don’t
tell
you
is
that
the
most
plausible
export
scenarios
would
be
well
under
those
evaluated
by
EIA,
accounting
for
less
than
10
percent
of
total
U.S.
gas
production,
and
are
projected
to
have
a
de
minimis
impact
on
price.
Some
point
to
Australia
as
a
“cautionary
tale”
for
price
increases
caused
by
exports,
but
again
they’re
not
telling
the
whole
story.
In
2013,
Australia’s
production
was
nearly
2.2
Tcf,
while
U.S.
production
was
25.1
Tcf.
Australia
exported
47
percent
of
what
it
produced
in
2013,
and
EIA
projects
the
U.S.
will
export
under
10
percent
of
its
production
in
2030.
Australia
lacks
the
extensive
pipeline
and
production
infrastructure
we
enjoy
in
the
U.S.
and
its
cost
of
production
is
consistently
higher
than
here.
So
this
cautionary
tale
is
more
of
a
red
herring.
6
U.S.
Energy
Information
Administration,
“Effect
of
Increased
Levels
of
Liquefied
Natural
Gas
Exports
on
U.S.
Energy
Markets,”
October
2014,
12,
http://www.eia.gov/analysis/requests/fe/pdf/lng.pdf.
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
Jul-‐11
Jan-‐12
Jul-‐12
Jan-‐13
Jul-‐13
Jan-‐14
Jul-‐14
Jan-‐15
$
per
MMBTU
/
Bcf
per
day
Study
Release
Date
Projected
DomesXc
Natural
Gas
Price
Change
Per
Incremental
Bcf/d
Exported
Deloiie:
6
Bcf/d
Scenario
EIA:
12
Bcf/d
Scenario
6
Bcf/d
Scenario
NERA:
Reference
Scenarios
15.8
Bcf/d
12.0
Bcf/d
3.8
Bcf/d
CRA:
35
Bcf/d
Likely
Case
20
Bcf/d
High
Export
Case
ICF:
8
Bcf/d
Base
Case
6
Bcf/d
Medium
Case
4
Bcf/d
High
Case
EIA:
20
Bcf/d
Scenario
16
Bcf/d
Scenario
12
Bcf/d
Scenario
8. 7
So
where
is
the
true
urgency?
In
addition
to
Australia,
countries
such
as
Qatar
(the
world’s
largest
exporter
of
LNG),
Russia,
Oman
and
others
are
looking
to
enter
the
global
LNG
market.
The
U.S.,
therefore,
needs
to
act
quickly
to
take
advantage
of
this
opportunity.
Exporting
U.S.
natural
gas
is
a
win-‐win
proposition
that
will
strengthen
the
economy,
improve
our
trade
balance
and
allow
us
to
be
a
global
energy
leader.
An
ICF
International
study
found
that
LNG
exports
will
contribute
up
to
665,000
net
jobs
nationwide
and
add
up
to
$115
billion
to
U.S.
gross
domestic
product
(GDP)
by
2035.7
NERA
Economic
Consulting,
which
conducted
a
study
on
the
macroeconomic
impacts
of
LNG
exports
at
the
request
of
DOE,
found
that
“LNG
exports
provide
net
economic
benefits
in
all
the
scenarios
investigated,
and
the
greater
the
level
of
exports,
the
greater
the
benefits.”8
Contrary
to
the
arguments
of
critics,
a
robust
export
market
will
boost
the
competitiveness
of
many
U.S.-‐based
manufacturing
interests.
By
encouraging
more
natural
gas
production,
exports
will
incentivize
greater
production
of
the
associated
natural
gas
liquids,
which
are
essential
building
blocks
for
a
strong
and
globally
competitive
U.S.
petrochemical
industry.
Reliable,
affordable
supplies
of
natural
gas
and
natural
gas
liquids
will
continue
to
fuel
the
growth
of
the
U.S.
manufacturing.
ICF
International
examined
the
impacts
of
LNG
exports
and
found
that
natural
gas
liquid
volumes
would
increase
between
138,000
and
555,000
barrels
per
day
(bbl/d)
by
2035
due
to
LNG
exports.9
By
attempting
to
curb
LNG
exports,
opponents
are
essentially
advocating
for
suppressing
domestic
energy
production
and
limiting
overall
economic
benefits.
It
is
exactly
the
abundant,
reliable
and
sustainable
supply
of
U.S.
natural
gas
that
is
driving
both
demand
for
LNG
exports
and
a
manufacturing
renaissance
in
this
country.
Rather
than
being
at
odds,
LNG
exports
offer
an
opportunity
to
stoke
U.S.
economic
growth
on
both
fronts.
The
Energy
Security
Equation
Just
as
the
trade
of
any
commodity
promotes
domestic
jobs
and
economic
growth,
so
too
will
the
export
of
natural
gas.
Expanding
demand
for
U.S.
natural
gas
in
international
markets
will
result
in
increased
investment,
enhanced
GDP
growth,
rising
incomes
and
more
jobs.
Moreover,
U.S.
LNG
exports
will
expand
global
gas
markets,
enhancing
U.S.
influence
around
the
world.
“From
a
geopolitical
perspective,
increased
LNG
exports
from
the
U.S.
and
its
allies
would
shift
rents
away
from
traditional,
autocratic
suppliers,
including
Russia,
that
have
used
the
proceeds
to
finance
policies
at
odds
with
U.S.
national
security
interests,”
said
David
Goldwyn,
a
senior
fellow
with
the
Energy
Security
&
Climate
Initiative
at
the
Brookings
Institution,
in
testimony
before
the
Senate
Committee
on
Foreign
Relations.
7
ICF
International,
“U.S.
LNG
Exports:
State-‐Level
Impacts
on
Energy
Markets
and
the
Economy,”
Nov.
13,
2013,
Key
Findings.
8
NERA
Economic
Consulting,
“Macroeconomic
Impacts
of
LNG
Exports
from
the
United
States,”
Dec.
2012,
1.
9
ICF
International,
“U.S.
LNG
Exports:
Impacts
on
Energy
Markets
and
the
Economy.”
May
2013,
7.
9. 8
Natural
gas
exports
can
support
our
allies
around
the
world
by
helping
them
diversify
their
energy
sources.
While
Asia
is
considered
a
primary,
early
market,
European
customers
are
also
lining
up
options
to
receive
LNG
from
U.S.
facilities.
Earlier
this
year,
Lithuanian
Energy
Minister
Rokas
Masiulis
said
a
speedy
U.S.
response
to
world
export
markets
could
reduce
what
he
called
“monopoly
conditions”
in
Russia.
“Lithuania
and
the
rest
of
Europe
are
steadily
building
the
infrastructure
necessary
to
provide
greater
energy
diversification
and
thus
to
enhance
regional
security,”
Energy
Minister
Masiulis
stated.
“What
we
need
now
is
for
the
United
States
to
play
its
part,
demonstrating
its
commitment
to
free
trade
by
allowing
its
allies
in
Europe
and
the
rest
of
the
world
to
quickly
benefit
from
the
surplus
natural
gas
it
does
not
need.”
Clearly,
the
U.S.
has
a
national
security
interest
in
providing
natural
gas
to
the
global
market.
Benefits
to
the
Environment
Domestic
industrial
growth
will
strengthen
the
U.S.
economy
and
provide
an
opportunity
to
reduce
CO2
globally.
This
reduction
is
possible
partly
because
U.S.
energy
consumers
are
less
carbon
intensive
than
other
parts
of
the
world.
For
example,
while
the
U.S.
electric
sector
had
an
average
carbon
intensity
of
1,109
lb
CO2/MWh
in
2011,
the
electric
sectors
in
China,
India
and
the
Middle
East
had
much
higher
average
carbon
intensities
of
1,684
lb
CO2/MWh,
1,887
lb
CO2/MWh
and
1,493
lb
CO2/MWh,
respectively.10
LNG
exports
allow
the
U.S.
to
both
reduce
emissions
globally
and
continue
to
support
our
domestic
manufacturing
renaissance.
Energy
Secretary
Moniz
notes
that
“natural
gas
will
play
a
crucial
role
in
enabling
very
substantial
reductions
in
carbon
emissions.”11
Just
as
essential
as
its
role
in
reducing
carbon
emissions,
greater
natural
gas
production
and
use
lowers
emissions
of
pollutants,
such
as
mercury,
sulfur
dioxide,
nitrogen
oxide
and
particulate
matter.12
According
to
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(EPA)
Administrator
Gina
McCarthy,
“natural
gas
in
the
U.S.
has
been
a
game
changer…
[i]t’s
been
a
significant
benefit
to
the
United
States.
It’s
been
a
significant
benefit
to
air
quality.”13
Exporting
U.S.
LNG
will
reduce
a
broad
spectrum
of
global
greenhouse
gas
(GHG)
emissions.
DOE’s
study
entitled
“Life
Cycle
Greenhouse
Gas
Perspective
on
Exporting
Liquefied
Natural
Gas
10
International
Energy
Agency,
“CO2
Emissions
from
Fuel
Combustion,”
2013,
accessed
March
5,
2015,
http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/publication/co2emissionsfromfuelcombustionhighlights2013.pd
f.
11
Steven
Mufson,
“Ernest
Moniz,
MIT
physicist,
nominated
as
energy
secretary,”
Washington
Post,
March
4,
2013,
accessed
January
26,
2015,
http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/ernest-‐moniz-‐mit-‐physicist-‐is-‐to-‐
be-‐nominated-‐as-‐energy-‐secretary/2013/03/04/e3fe68aa-‐808c-‐11e2-‐a350-‐49866afab584_story.html.
12
EPA,
“Air
Markets
Program
Data,”
accessed
January
22,
2014,
http://ampd.epa.gov/ampd/.
13
Jeff
McMahon,
“EPA
Administrator
Gina
McCarthy
Defends
Natural
Gas,”
Forbes,
September
25,
2014,
accessed
January
26,
2015,
http://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffmcmahon/2014/09/25/mccarthy-‐defends-‐natural-‐gas/.
10. 9
from
the
United
States”
found
that
U.S.
natural
gas
consumed
in
Europe
or
Asia
has
lower
life
cycle
GHG
emissions
than
power
generation
from
locally
sourced
fossil
fuels.14
Conclusion
Thanks
to
the
shale
energy
revolution,
America
has
moved
from
a
posture
of
energy
scarcity
to
one
of
energy
abundance.
The
U.S.
can
harness
clean,
abundant
and
affordable
natural
gas
for
both
domestic
consumption
and
exports
to
become
a
global
energy
leader.
This
paradigm
shift
is
driving
economic
growth,
environmental
improvements
and
enhanced
energy
security.
However,
to
fully
realize
the
potential
presented
by
our
natural
gas
abundance,
it
is
imperative
that
we
advance
policies
that
allow
America
to
sell
its
product
overseas,
just
like
producers
of
other
American
products.
To
do
that,
we
must
have
a
more
predictable
and
timely
approval
process
that
provides
the
certainty
companies
need
to
compete
in
global
LNG
markets
and
to
improve
economic
conditions
both
here
in
America
and
for
our
strategic
allies
overseas
who
are
eagerly
awaiting
access
to
America’s
natural
gas
abundance.
We
encourage
the
administration
and
Congress
to
make
this
a
priority,
so
our
nation
can
seize
this
exceptional
opportunity.
About
ANGA
Representing
North
America’s
leading
independent
natural
gas
exploration
and
production
companies,
America's
Natural
Gas
Alliance
(ANGA)
works
with
industry,
government
and
customer
stakeholders
to
promote
increased
demand
for
and
continued
availability
of
our
nation’s
abundant
natural
gas
resource
for
a
cleaner
and
more
secure
energy
future.
Learn
more
about
ANGA
at
www.anga.us
14
U.S.
Department
of
Energy,
“Life
Cycle
Greenhouse
Gas
perspective
on
Exporting
Liquefied
Natural
Gas
from
the
United
States,”
May
29,
2014,
9.