Renal system -DOAP pathology ppt class.ppt
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The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
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Renal system -DOAP pathology ppt class.ppt
- 1. Renal System
- 2. Objectives CYSTIC DISEASES OF KIDNEY WILMS TUMOR RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
- 3. CYSTIC DISEASES OF KIDNEY Cystic diseases of the kidney are heterogeneous and comprises of hereditary, developmental and acquired disorders
- 5. ADPKD ARPKD INCIDENCE 1:400 to 1:1000 1:10000 to 1:40000 INVOLVED GENE(S) PKD 1 on chr 16 PKD 2 on chr 4 PKHD 1 on chr 6 PROTEIN DEFECTS Polycystin-1 Polycystin-2 Fibrocystin HISTOLOGIC APPEARANCE Haphazardly arranged, cystic dilation of all parts of the involved nephron with normal renal parenchyma interspersed Diffuse cystic dilation of the collecting ducts with the long axis of the cyst perpendicular to the capsule AGE AT SYMPTOM ONSET Middle-aged adulthood Infancy COMPLICATIONS Renal failure Rupture of berry aneurysms In utero foetal demise Neonatal respiratory distress Renal failure Liver failure
- 6. ADPKD ARPKD
- 7. PATHOGENESIS
- 8. CLINICAL FEATURES Asymptomatic until presence of renal insufficiency Haematuria Flank pain UTI Renal stones Hypertension Hepatic fibrosis
- 9. POLYSYSTIC KIDNEY DISEASE Kidney is markedly enlarged. 1. Outer surface bosselated 2. Cut surface : Multiple cysts of varying sizes seen throughout the kidney parenchyma
- 10. POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY Cysts maybe filled with clear serous fluid or turbid haemorrhagic fluid Enlarging cysts may encroach on the pelvis and calyces to produce pressure defects
- 11. COMPLICATIONS Chronic Renal Failure Death in infancy or childhood Dialysis
- 12. WILMS TUMOUR
- 13. It is also known as nephroblastoma. Most common primary renal tumor of childhood. . WILMS TUMOR
- 14. Pathogenesis and genetics Associated with increased risk with 3 syndromes: 1.WAGR syndrome- Wilms tumour, aniridia, genitourinary anomalies and intellectual disability. 33% risk of development of tumour 2.Denys-Drash syndrome- Gonadal dysgenesis, early onset nephropathy(renal failure) 3. Beckwith-Weidemann syndrome- organomegaly, macroglossia, hemihypertrophy, omphalocele and adrenal cytomegaly
- 16. GROSS Large, solitary Well circumscribed mass 10% cases- bilateral
- 17. GROSS
- 18. MICROSCOPY 3 components: -Blastemal- sheets of blue cells -Epithelial- abortive tubules or glomeruli -Stromal- fibroblastic or myxoid in nature
- 20. RCC account for 85% of renal cancers in adults. Occurs most often in older individuals, usually in 6th and 7th decades of life. Arises from tubular epithelium. May arise in any portion of kidney, more commonly in poles. RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
- 21. Types of RCC: 1.Clear cell carcinoma (most common) 2.Papillary carcinoma 3.Chromophobe renal carcinoma 4.Collecting duct (Bellini duct) carcinoma RENAL CELL CARCINOMA
- 22. GROSS • From proximal tubular epithelium • Usually solitary unilateral • Well-defined • Variegated reddish- yellow spherical masses • Yellow- lipid accumulation in tumor cells • Red- hemorrhage
- 23. GROSS Tumor occupying the upper pole of the kidney. Cut section – variegated with yellow, brown tumor tissue and areas of hemorrhage.
- 24. MICROSCOPY Tumor tissue :Tubular pattern with round or polygonal cells having clear cytoplasm and nuclei of varying sizes. The cell groups are separated by thin septa with prominent blood vessels.
- 26. THANK YOU