relationship between sample size and size of Pearson correlation sig.pdf
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relationship between sample size and size of Pearson correlation significance? Solution Sample size, n = g / m + 3; where m = log((1+r)/(1-r)) / 2 + (r/(2(n-1))) The formula is an iterative one, starting with n = log((1+r)/(1-r)) / 2 and substituting n into the formula with the one calculated until the difference of the two is less than one (1). but i cant understand the part where it state, Initial n = log((1+0.5)/(1-0.5)) / 2 = 0.5493.
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Region Old Fertilizer New Fertilizer 1 147 160 151 162 2 156 1.pdf
Region Old Fertilizer New Fertilizer
1 147 160
151 162
2 156 161
151 151
3 165 159
166 138
4 158 132
149 159
5 139 164
131 164
6 146 168
118 169
7 161 158
164 147
8 143 174
147 157
A biotech firm conducts an experiment to examine potential differences between a new organic
fertilizer and a traditional fertilizer product. A large parcel of land is broken down into regions,
and two trials with each fertilizer are used on plots of land within each region. The corn yield
obtained for each of the plots is shown in the above table.
(a) Perform an appropriate analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the data shown in the table.
Construct an ANOVA table and determine whether there is a significant difference among the
fertilizers. Is there a significant difference among regions? (Assume a significance level of ? =
0.05) Is the interaction effect significant?
(b) Assess the treatment and block means using the t-distribution.
(c) Calculate and interpret the model residuels.
(d)Summarize what has been learned from the experiment.
Solution
Diversity means life; diversity means choice. Unfortunately, around the world the
spaces for the maintenance and creation of (new) diversity are becoming more and more
confined. Biological diversity, in environments increasingly disturbed by human intervention, is
under serious threat. Globalization forces are imposing limits on the ways people shape and
reshape socioeconomic, cultural, and political diversity. At the same time, in many places efforts
are underway to maintain or open up new room for the appreciation, use, and further evolution of
diversity. In 1992, following the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED or the \"Earth Summit\"), staff at Canada\'s International Development Research
Centre (IDRC) developed a program to support these efforts. IDRC\'s biodiversity program was
born to put and keep biodiversity high on the agenda of research and development organizations
in the South, in Canada, and around the globe. In 1997, the biodiversity program evolved into the
Sustainable Use of Biodiversity (SUB) program initiative, retaining its major objectives and
approach: Image to promote the use, maintenance, and enhancement of the knowledge,
innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities to conserve and sustainably use
biodiversity; Image to develop incentives, methods, and policies that facilitate the development
of strategies for the conservation and enhancement of in situ agricultural and aquatic
biodiversity; and the participation of communities in their design and implementation; and
Image to support the creation of policies and legislation that recognize the rights of indigenous
and local communities to genetic resources and to the equitable sharing of benefits of the use of
these resources. This In_Focus book presents fragments of the arduous biodiversity research
work carried out and ongoing in numerous, often far away and little known places around the
world. The book b.
Refer to the information provided in Figure 11.5 below to answer the.pdf
Refer to the information provided in Figure 11.5 below to answer the questions that follow.
Multiple Choice:A.the Fed increases the reserve requirement.
Solution
B is correct.
when the curve shifts from 0 to 1, it means the availability and supply of funds are increased. it
happens because of Fed decreases the discount rate only..
Reflect on the actions of Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, Lou Pai, An.pdf
Reflect on the actions of Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, Lou Pai, Andrew Fastow, and the
auditors of Arthur Andersen depicted in The Smartest Guys in the Room. Without conducting
any additional, outside research, please describe any three legal issues presented in the film.
Please describe any two ethical issues raised by the actions of those involved in the Enron
scandal.
Solution
Three legal issues presented in The Smartest Guy in the Room include falsifying profits through
the use of mark to market accounting, or fair value accounting. Additionally, the Enron company
used.
Regarding Martha Stewart and her crime of Insider Trading. Her actio.pdf
Regarding Martha Stewart and her crime of Insider Trading. Her actions of \"avoiding a loss\"
were deemed illegal. Were these actions, which led to being convicted of Insider Trading, also
unethical? Please offer a complete explanation of your personal ethical theory as to why her
actions were (or were not) unethical. You can revert to one of the three main ethical theories
(Virtue Theory, Duty Theory, or Utilitarianism), or you can explain this in terms of your own
ethical theory.
Solution
Martha Stewart was convicted of covering up a crime which was not accused of committing -
misuse of inside information in trading. She was sentenced for lying but never charged him a
charge of perjury.
Martha Stewart was also convicted of \"obstructing justice\". There was no explanation of how
the charge against him could be obstructed by explaining his lawyer. This explanation referred to
the reasons for Ms. Stewart to make a fully legal sale of its shares in ImClone.
In my opinion these actions were unethical due to unfairness, as one investor with some inside
information could potentially make far larger profits, or at least, make profits that a typical
investor would not make which was the case of Martha Stewart.
Reflect on your performance as a leader and a follower. What do you .pdf
Reflect on your performance as a leader and a follower. What do you know about these different
roles now that you didn\'t before? How might you improve your own actions to be a better team
mate?
Solution
I have worked as a leader as well as follower, depending upon the role assigned to me. I have led
a group of team members as a leader and I have been the member of core group as a follower. I
reflect my performance as a leader in following ways.
1. Believe in collective effort and encourage participation from everyone
2. Guiding team members to accomplish their roles and responsibilities in a desired manner
4. Delegation of authority with in a team
5. Encouraging complete involvement from team members
6. Understanding the sociological and motivational needs of the team members and try to fulfill
them
7. Lead by example by solving problems as and when they come
I reflect my performance as a follower in following ways:
1. Always participative and contributed in brainstorming sessions
2. Communicated well with others
3. Always focused on my key responsibility areas
Now, I would like to arrange regular training & development program with proper skill gap
assessment as a leader. Now I better understand the team dynamics and how to improve
compatibility with in a team.
Today, I will improve my own actions to be a better team mate in following ways:
1. I will not only complete my own roles and responsibility but also I will help other team mates
to do in proper way.
2. I will try to create a strong bonding with other team mates so that performance level of team
will be g=high.
3. I will contribute in decision making process with strong and adequate opinion / logic / data
supported research..
Reflecting on General EducationWhat are the principles guiding gen.pdf
Reflecting on General Education
What are the principles guiding general education? What are the most important concepts
learned from general education? And how can the knowledge and skills learned shape your
personal and professional development?
Solution
The General Education Program (GEP) Guiding Principal..
Refer to Figure 18.1. Which of the following would most likely cause.pdf
Refer to Figure 18.1. Which of the following would most likely cause a shift from AD1 to AD2?
An increase in transfer payments because of a recession
An increase in the tax rate
A decrease in the money supply through open market operations
A decrease in government spendinga.
An increase in transfer payments because of a recessionb.
An increase in the tax ratec.
A decrease in the money supply through open market operationsd.
A decrease in government spending
Solution
ans=a. an increase in transfer payments because of recession
Under the Keynesian economics, the transfer payments multiplier is defined as a multiple by
which aggregate demand would rise in reaction to an increase in transfer payments (includes
welfare spending, unemployment payments). Transfer payments are not identical to government
spending on commodities as they are not directly injected into the goods market. Rather, the
spendable funds are transferred to a member of the general public, who further might spend part
or all of them. Hence, transfer payments are treated as negative taxes, and the multiplier is equal
in magnitude though opposite in sign from that of the tax multiplier.
Each dollar of transfer payments causes up to one dollar of spending by the member. Further, the
reciever of that spending will obtain a rise in income and will spend a part of it on additional
goods, giving the next person income some of which he will spend, etc. The ultimate result of
this particular chain reaction might be that aggregate spending, and thus equilibrium GDP, will
rise by more than the original dollar.
Referring to the concept of entry barrier and explain dunningSol.pdf
Referring to the concept of entry barrier and explain dunning
Solution
Barriers to market entry consider number of diverse factors that restrict or hindrances a firm
faces in trying to enter a market.It comprises following factors that determine -
Traditionally, concept behind a firm is called a multinational firm which has activities in more
than two countries. The reason behind to think a firm Multinational due to following factors-
According to Dunning a firm is considering as multinational industries if they have production
unit outside the country where they are incorporated. For example General Motor which has
many production unit in multiple countries.
GM home in USA-Opel in Germany-GM Mfg in Indonesia etc. these are the strengths of General
Motor
Innovation refers to that process by which a company tries to gain a competitive advantage in the
market place and to increase their capacity to generate wealth. Therefore innovation needs to
transcend all major areas of operation - production, finance, planning, human resource
management and marketing.
However in the small business many of these functions are carried out by the owner manager and
thus often lead to a lack of realization of the processes needed to implement innovation within
the small business..
Recommended
Region Old Fertilizer New Fertilizer 1 147 160 151 162 2 156 1.pdf
Region Old Fertilizer New Fertilizer
1 147 160
151 162
2 156 161
151 151
3 165 159
166 138
4 158 132
149 159
5 139 164
131 164
6 146 168
118 169
7 161 158
164 147
8 143 174
147 157
A biotech firm conducts an experiment to examine potential differences between a new organic
fertilizer and a traditional fertilizer product. A large parcel of land is broken down into regions,
and two trials with each fertilizer are used on plots of land within each region. The corn yield
obtained for each of the plots is shown in the above table.
(a) Perform an appropriate analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the data shown in the table.
Construct an ANOVA table and determine whether there is a significant difference among the
fertilizers. Is there a significant difference among regions? (Assume a significance level of ? =
0.05) Is the interaction effect significant?
(b) Assess the treatment and block means using the t-distribution.
(c) Calculate and interpret the model residuels.
(d)Summarize what has been learned from the experiment.
Solution
Diversity means life; diversity means choice. Unfortunately, around the world the
spaces for the maintenance and creation of (new) diversity are becoming more and more
confined. Biological diversity, in environments increasingly disturbed by human intervention, is
under serious threat. Globalization forces are imposing limits on the ways people shape and
reshape socioeconomic, cultural, and political diversity. At the same time, in many places efforts
are underway to maintain or open up new room for the appreciation, use, and further evolution of
diversity. In 1992, following the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED or the \"Earth Summit\"), staff at Canada\'s International Development Research
Centre (IDRC) developed a program to support these efforts. IDRC\'s biodiversity program was
born to put and keep biodiversity high on the agenda of research and development organizations
in the South, in Canada, and around the globe. In 1997, the biodiversity program evolved into the
Sustainable Use of Biodiversity (SUB) program initiative, retaining its major objectives and
approach: Image to promote the use, maintenance, and enhancement of the knowledge,
innovations, and practices of indigenous and local communities to conserve and sustainably use
biodiversity; Image to develop incentives, methods, and policies that facilitate the development
of strategies for the conservation and enhancement of in situ agricultural and aquatic
biodiversity; and the participation of communities in their design and implementation; and
Image to support the creation of policies and legislation that recognize the rights of indigenous
and local communities to genetic resources and to the equitable sharing of benefits of the use of
these resources. This In_Focus book presents fragments of the arduous biodiversity research
work carried out and ongoing in numerous, often far away and little known places around the
world. The book b.
Refer to the information provided in Figure 11.5 below to answer the.pdf
Refer to the information provided in Figure 11.5 below to answer the questions that follow.
Multiple Choice:A.the Fed increases the reserve requirement.
Solution
B is correct.
when the curve shifts from 0 to 1, it means the availability and supply of funds are increased. it
happens because of Fed decreases the discount rate only..
Reflect on the actions of Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, Lou Pai, An.pdf
Reflect on the actions of Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, Lou Pai, Andrew Fastow, and the
auditors of Arthur Andersen depicted in The Smartest Guys in the Room. Without conducting
any additional, outside research, please describe any three legal issues presented in the film.
Please describe any two ethical issues raised by the actions of those involved in the Enron
scandal.
Solution
Three legal issues presented in The Smartest Guy in the Room include falsifying profits through
the use of mark to market accounting, or fair value accounting. Additionally, the Enron company
used.
Regarding Martha Stewart and her crime of Insider Trading. Her actio.pdf
Regarding Martha Stewart and her crime of Insider Trading. Her actions of \"avoiding a loss\"
were deemed illegal. Were these actions, which led to being convicted of Insider Trading, also
unethical? Please offer a complete explanation of your personal ethical theory as to why her
actions were (or were not) unethical. You can revert to one of the three main ethical theories
(Virtue Theory, Duty Theory, or Utilitarianism), or you can explain this in terms of your own
ethical theory.
Solution
Martha Stewart was convicted of covering up a crime which was not accused of committing -
misuse of inside information in trading. She was sentenced for lying but never charged him a
charge of perjury.
Martha Stewart was also convicted of \"obstructing justice\". There was no explanation of how
the charge against him could be obstructed by explaining his lawyer. This explanation referred to
the reasons for Ms. Stewart to make a fully legal sale of its shares in ImClone.
In my opinion these actions were unethical due to unfairness, as one investor with some inside
information could potentially make far larger profits, or at least, make profits that a typical
investor would not make which was the case of Martha Stewart.
Reflect on your performance as a leader and a follower. What do you .pdf
Reflect on your performance as a leader and a follower. What do you know about these different
roles now that you didn\'t before? How might you improve your own actions to be a better team
mate?
Solution
I have worked as a leader as well as follower, depending upon the role assigned to me. I have led
a group of team members as a leader and I have been the member of core group as a follower. I
reflect my performance as a leader in following ways.
1. Believe in collective effort and encourage participation from everyone
2. Guiding team members to accomplish their roles and responsibilities in a desired manner
4. Delegation of authority with in a team
5. Encouraging complete involvement from team members
6. Understanding the sociological and motivational needs of the team members and try to fulfill
them
7. Lead by example by solving problems as and when they come
I reflect my performance as a follower in following ways:
1. Always participative and contributed in brainstorming sessions
2. Communicated well with others
3. Always focused on my key responsibility areas
Now, I would like to arrange regular training & development program with proper skill gap
assessment as a leader. Now I better understand the team dynamics and how to improve
compatibility with in a team.
Today, I will improve my own actions to be a better team mate in following ways:
1. I will not only complete my own roles and responsibility but also I will help other team mates
to do in proper way.
2. I will try to create a strong bonding with other team mates so that performance level of team
will be g=high.
3. I will contribute in decision making process with strong and adequate opinion / logic / data
supported research..
Reflecting on General EducationWhat are the principles guiding gen.pdf
Reflecting on General Education
What are the principles guiding general education? What are the most important concepts
learned from general education? And how can the knowledge and skills learned shape your
personal and professional development?
Solution
The General Education Program (GEP) Guiding Principal..
Refer to Figure 18.1. Which of the following would most likely cause.pdf
Refer to Figure 18.1. Which of the following would most likely cause a shift from AD1 to AD2?
An increase in transfer payments because of a recession
An increase in the tax rate
A decrease in the money supply through open market operations
A decrease in government spendinga.
An increase in transfer payments because of a recessionb.
An increase in the tax ratec.
A decrease in the money supply through open market operationsd.
A decrease in government spending
Solution
ans=a. an increase in transfer payments because of recession
Under the Keynesian economics, the transfer payments multiplier is defined as a multiple by
which aggregate demand would rise in reaction to an increase in transfer payments (includes
welfare spending, unemployment payments). Transfer payments are not identical to government
spending on commodities as they are not directly injected into the goods market. Rather, the
spendable funds are transferred to a member of the general public, who further might spend part
or all of them. Hence, transfer payments are treated as negative taxes, and the multiplier is equal
in magnitude though opposite in sign from that of the tax multiplier.
Each dollar of transfer payments causes up to one dollar of spending by the member. Further, the
reciever of that spending will obtain a rise in income and will spend a part of it on additional
goods, giving the next person income some of which he will spend, etc. The ultimate result of
this particular chain reaction might be that aggregate spending, and thus equilibrium GDP, will
rise by more than the original dollar.
Referring to the concept of entry barrier and explain dunningSol.pdf
Referring to the concept of entry barrier and explain dunning
Solution
Barriers to market entry consider number of diverse factors that restrict or hindrances a firm
faces in trying to enter a market.It comprises following factors that determine -
Traditionally, concept behind a firm is called a multinational firm which has activities in more
than two countries. The reason behind to think a firm Multinational due to following factors-
According to Dunning a firm is considering as multinational industries if they have production
unit outside the country where they are incorporated. For example General Motor which has
many production unit in multiple countries.
GM home in USA-Opel in Germany-GM Mfg in Indonesia etc. these are the strengths of General
Motor
Innovation refers to that process by which a company tries to gain a competitive advantage in the
market place and to increase their capacity to generate wealth. Therefore innovation needs to
transcend all major areas of operation - production, finance, planning, human resource
management and marketing.
However in the small business many of these functions are carried out by the owner manager and
thus often lead to a lack of realization of the processes needed to implement innovation within
the small business..
Responsibilities of a nonprofit organizations governing board cons.pdf
Responsibilities of a nonprofit organization\'s governing board consist of legal and fiduciary,
oversight, fund-raising, and representation of constituencies and viewpoints. Address the fund-
raising duties of the governing board
Solution
Responsabilities of a non profit organization:
As Bruce Hopkins (2003) describes it, nonprofit governing board members are.
Resource allocation is fundamental to managing a successful project..pdf
Resource allocation is fundamental to managing a successful project. Explain how stakeholder
management is linked to resource allocation management. Additionally, can you have a resource
constraint of people without having time constraint implications?
Solution
resources are the inputs to accomplish a given task while considering all the constraints. they
may be financial resources, human or man power resources, technology or financial resources
also.
every organization\'s ultimate moto is to benefit to the all the stakeholders in long run. because
we have limited resources and unlimited activities to perform.
total resources can be divided into two types: natural and artifical
we should much care about natural resource, which we can use them but we cant create them.
even time is also one of the natural resource.
the resources which we can produce and utiize are called artificial resouces, like materials,
technology, money etc.
to fulfill the unlimited needs or tasks, we hato to plan to better utilization of resources. there
should be optimum utilization of resources and wastage should be minimum..
Residual risk is calculated as which of the followinga) Known .pdf
Residual risk is calculated as which of the following?
a) Known risks minus unknown risks
b) Actual risks minus probable risks
c) Probable risks minus possible risks
d) Potential risks minus covered risks
Solution
d. Potential risks include all possible and probable risks. Countermeasures cover some, but not
all risks. Therefore, the residual risk is potential risks minus covered risks..
Reseracher is comparing samples from 6 popultation Assume that the c.pdf
Reseracher is comparing samples from 6 popultation Assume that the conclusioj from an
ANOVA is that the null hypothesis is rejected. How many of the popultion means would be
significantly different from the others>
A. Three (half)
B. At least one
C. All would be different
D. More than two
(b)
Solution
Answer: B. At least one.
Researchers have noted that children that learn to play a musical in.pdf
Researchers have noted that children that learn to play a musical instrument through taking
lessons have higher average SAT scores, higher average GPA and higher average class rank.
This is an example of
A. an experiment.
B. an observational study.
C. the establishing of a causal relationship through correlation.
D. a block design, with music and no-music groups as blocks.
Please explain why
Solution
B. an observational study. THis is an observation done on the students Hence
option B.
Research the key facts and critical issues of BP before the BP oil s.pdf
Research the key facts and critical issues of BP before the BP oil spill of 2010 and summarize
them here as they relate to the past conduct of the organization.
Solution
Before the oil spill of 2010, BP ignored big systematic hazards. The company was also not very
strict regarding safety features and compliance when drilling rigs.
For rigs which was contracted out, the company was less strict regarding safety. The xompany
focused more on financial safety i.e. mitigating financial risks than on process safety i.e
mitigating process safety risks.
Clearly there was a management and leadership failure at BP..
Research W.L Gore and develop a 3-5 page paper by answering the foll.pdf
Research W.L Gore and develop a 3-5 page paper by answering the following questions:
Briefly describe the organization.
What makes W.L. Gore successful?
What is unique about the way the company is led?
What type of management style does CEO Terri Kelly use? Is this any different than the styles of
the founders?
What organizational beliefs and values does the Kelly hold important?
Can this type of culture be sustained in the long run at W.L. Gore?
Can this type of culture be implemented in the company you work(ed) for? Explain.
Solution
Briefly describe the organization.
W.L. Gore is a technological firm that creates and innovates about medical devices. Core of its
business is in four main areas: electronics, fabrics, industrial and medical products.
The company was founded in 1958 by Wilbert (Bill) Lee Gore and his wife Genevieve (Vieve)
Walton Gore in Newark.Bill Gore had spent 16 years with the DuPont Company in a number of
technical positions that included fluoropolymer research when he decided to form his own
company. While working in his basement, he set out to develop a process for insulating a series
of parallel electrical wires using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a fluoropolymer discovered in
1938 by Roy Plunkett, a chemist with DuPont.
In these four areas, you have Gore-Tex fabric is maybe W.L. Gore.
Research suggests that (1) individuals differ in their level of valu.pdf
Research suggests that (1) individuals differ in their level of values development, (2) individuals
hold different sets of instrumental values at different stages of development, and (3) peoples
value priorities do not change once they become adults. Which statements are correct?
Solution
Ans:
C) Only statements 1 and 2 are correct..
Research Methods, classify a research method in your chosen subj.pdf
\"Research Methods, classify a research method \"in your chosen subject area
Solution
classification
1.pure methods and applied methods
2. qualitative methods, and quantitative methods
in social sciences -----
sociology -Research Methods are obervation method ,various kinds of survey method ,interview
method etc,...
Research another industry that has experienced globalization or may .pdf
Research another industry that has experienced globalization or may be a good candidate for
globalization in the future and share your example with the class and explain why you selected
the industry.Choose two countries (other than the U.S.) within the same region of the world.
Assess the political risks, economic risks, and legal risks of each country. If you had to invest a
large sum of money into one of these two countries, which one would it be? Why?
Solution
1) An industry which I strongly believe will be a good candidate for globalization and will grow
at an exponential rate is the recycling industry. These days we have so many choices for goods
that we buy such as mobiles, TV, refrigerator, computers, clothes, furniture, cars, etc. The variety
of goods available for us to use is enormous, also technological changes and fashion makes
goods obsolete or out of fashion and hence this further drives up the demand for goods. We
should also note that the factors of production (inputs) used for this goods are finite. Hence,
today there is a very good potential for recycling industry to experience good growth and
experience globalization. Recycling firms can make the best use of the used, obsolete goods and
out of fashion goods for the benefit of society and save valuable/scarce economic factors of
production/inputs.
2) Let me give you the example of India and Pakistan, which belong to the same region of the
world: South Asia. Both the countries got independence and existence in the year 1947. Both the
countries have almost the same type of people (human capital) and natural resources. On one
hand we have India, a developing country attracting huge amounts of investment from foreign
companies and different countries and making a good name of itself in the whole world; on the
other hand we have Pakistan attracting a bad name in the world for all the possible wrong
reasons and with a very poor economy and very low standard of living.
We can assess the political, economic and legal risks of these two countries and make the
following conclusions:
A) Political risks: The government in India is very stable while in Pakistan is not. The
government in India is elected by the people(is a democracy) while the government in Pakistan is
also elected by the people of Pakistan, the chosen leaders have absolutely no power in
controlling the country as the whole power lies with the army and the secret service of that
nation. Also, it is very common for political leaders in Pakistan to get assassinated if they do not
work as per the will of the country.
Research and analyze the following subjectKey Point You must clea.pdf
Research and analyze the following subject
Key Point: You must clearly explain your understanding of the term Financial Repression and
then answer the questions below. Please include source(s)
Financial Repression
Some politicians and financial/economists argue that the U.S. must embark upon an era of
“financial repression” in which wealth must be kept from fleeing the country and must be taxed
heavily within the country.
a. What would be the rationale for financial repression, as defined above? Any arguments against
it?
b. As part of financial repression, it can be argued that savers should be prevented from any
significant real returns on their savings and investments. What would that accomplish?
Thank you.
Solution
Hi,
In the simple terms, Fianancial Repression is the measure taken by the government to reduce
their debt burder. These measures include steps such as holding down interest rates to below
inflation, representing a tax on savers and a transfer of benefits from lenders to borrowers.
a) The main raionale behind such a step is that US as of now has a lot of debts, The politicians
are now under a lot of pressure to reduce the debt burden. They want the money to circulated
within the economy and not move outside the country. Also imposing heavy tax to increase the
government earnings.
b) The primary purpose behind preventing from any significant real returns on their savings and
investments is to reduce the national consumption. Less real return means less savings, which
would lead to less consumption. Increasing production faster than domestic consumption
increases national savings.
Research and discuss the main audit procedures related to a client’s.pdf
Research and discuss the main audit procedures related to a client’s revenue balances, including
the concept of multiple deliverables and the SAB 101 publication from SEC.
Solution
Main audit procedures related to a client’s revenue balances
As per Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), auditing revenue is a two-part
process:
Sample and test the income statement revenue accounts
Sample and test the balance sheet account: accounts receivable
Here are some of the accounts receivable audit procedures that they may follow:
The preceding list of audit procedures is designed to detect a variety of audit risks, which include
the following:
SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin:
No. 101 – Revenue Recognition
in Financial Statements
This staff accounting bulletin summarizes certain of the staff\'s views in applying generally
accepted accounting principles to revenue recognition in financial statements. The staff is
providing this guidance due, in part, to the large number of revenue recognition issues that
registrants encounter.
Accounting for multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements
Vendors often provide multiple products or services to their customers as part of a single
arrangement or a series of related arrangements. These deliverables may be provided at different
points in time or over different time periods. As a simple example, a vendor may enter into an
arrangement with a customer to deliver and install a tangible product along with providing one
year of maintenance services. In this arrangement, there are three deliverables: (1) the product,
(2) installation and (3) maintenance services. Issues often arise regarding how and whether to
separate these deliverables and how to allocate the overall arrangement consideration. Subtopic
605-25, Revenue Recognition – Multiple-Element Arrangements, of the Financial Accounting
Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) provides the guidance that should
be followed in accounting for this and many other revenue arrangements with multiple
deliverables..
Research a ompany that is publicly traded on the US stock exchanges .pdf
Research a ompany that is publicly traded on the US stock exchanges (NASDAQ, AMEX,
NYSE). Find the ticker symbol, describe the industry and business the company is in, find the
10k statements.
Solution
Southwestern Energy Company icker symbol = SWN Exchange: NYSE
Company business:
Southwestern Energy Company (including its subsidiaries, collectively, “we”, “Southwestern” or
the “Company”) is an independent energy company engaged in natural gas and oil exploration,
development and production (“E&P”). We are also focused on creating and capturing additional
value through our natural gas gathering and marketing businesses, which we refer to as
Midstream Services. We conduct substantially all of our business through subsidiaries.
Exploration and Production - Our primary business is the exploration for and production of
natural gas and oil, with our current operations principally focused within the United States on
development of two unconventional natural gas reservoirs located in Arkansas and
Pennsylvania. Our operations in Arkansas are primarily focused on an unconventional natural
gas reservoir known as the Fayetteville Shale, and our operations in northeast Pennsylvania are
focused on the unconventional natural gas reservoir known as the Marcellus Shale (herein
referred to as “Northeast Appalachia”). Recently, we acquired a significant stake in properties
located in West Virginia and southwest Pennsylvania, which we also intend to develop. These
operations in West Virginia also focused on the Marcellus Shale, the Utica and the Upper
Devonian unconventional natural gas and oil reservoirs (herein referred to as “Southwest
Appalachia”). Collectively, our properties located in West Virginia and Pennsylvania are herein
referred to as the “Appalachian Basin.” To a lesser extent, we have exploration and production
activities ongoing in Colorado, Louisiana, Texas and in the Arkoma Basin in Arkansas and
Oklahoma. We also actively seek to find and develop new natural gas and oil plays with
significant exploration and exploitation potential, which we refer to as “New Ventures,” and
through acquisitions. We also operate drilling rigs in Arkansas and Pennsylvania, as well as in
other operating areas, and provide oilfield products and services, principally serving our
exploration and production operations.
Midstream Services - We engage in natural gas gathering activities in Arkansas, Texas,
Louisiana, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia . These activities primarily support our E&P
operations and generate revenue from fees associated with the gathering of natural gas. Our
marketing activities capture downstream opportunities that arise through the marketing and
transportation of the natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids (NGLs) produced in our E&P
operations.
industry
Companies in the Independent Oil & Gas industry with significant portions of their operations
revolving around natural gas have been facing a number of headwinds recently. Warm weather
across t.
Research (Toys R Us)1. Determine if the company has introduced new.pdf
Research (Toys R Us)
1. Determine if the company has introduced new products in existing markets or created new
markets over time. What is the impact on its finances?
2. Determine if the price of its products increased or declined over time and analyze the reasons
for price fluctuations. Study the demand elasticity for its products and discuss the availability of
close substitutes for its products. How does that affect pricing decisions?
3. Analyze the company’s profitability. Identify the economy or industry influences on its costs,
operations, and profitability.
Solution
Company T is an American retailing house of toys and child products established in 1948.
The company creates new market over times. It opened its 1st international branch in Canada in
the year 1984. Since then the company spreads worldwide rapidly. Now it has 140 branches in
35 different countries including Germany, France, and Australia. In recent development, in
October 2011, the company opened a branch in Poland.
The company finances for expansion purpose. Most of the finances are utilized in opening
international branches and to fulfil their formalities..
Report Card of American Infrastructure published in 2009 rated Ameri.pdf
Report Card of American Infrastructure published in 2009 rated American areas as-----
A. B+ and above
B. B and lower
C. C and above
D. below C+
Solution
Report Card of American Infrastructure published in 2009 rated American areas as
The correct answer is Option C. C and above
The American society of Civil engineers have given following information based on which the
answer has been arrived:
Aviation D
Bridges C
Dams D
Drinking Water D
Energy D+
Hazardous Waste D
Inland Waterways D
Levees D
Public Parks and Recreation C
Rail C
Roads D
Schools D
Solid Waste C+
Transit D Wastewater D.
Remote control programs have a number of disadvantages when they are.pdf
Remote control programs have a number of disadvantages when they are used for remote local-
area network (LAN) access. Which of the following disadvantages ismost difficult to manage?
Telephone connect time not minimized
Manually connect and disconnect operations
Compatibility with host applications
Network management time
Solution
d Network management time
Limited network management for most remote control programs is a major disadvantage.
Managing a large number of host workstations is difficult; each station must be managed
individually. The remote control program that LAN access method uses does not implicitly
minimize telephone connect time; although, it is possible to automate many operations using
batch files or other programming mechanisms..
Refer to Example 4.10, Solution Bayes theo.pdf
Refer to Example 4.10,
Solution
Bayes\' theorem deals with the role of new information in revising probability
estimates. The theorem assumes that the probability of a hypothesis (the posterior probability) is
a function of new evidence (the likelihood) and previous knowledge (prior probability). The
theorem is named after Thomas Bayes (1702–1761), a nonconformist minister who had an
interest in mathematics. The basis of the theorem is contained in as essay published in the
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London in 1763. Bayes\' theorem is a logical
consequence of the product rule of probability, which is the probability (P) of two events (A and
B) happening— P(A,B)—is equal to the conditional probability of one event occurring given that
the other has already occurred—P(A|B)—multiplied by the probability of the other event
happening—P(B). The derivation of the theorem is as follows: P(A,B) = P(A|B)×P(B) =
P(B|A)×P(A) Thus: P(A|B) = P(B|A)×P(A)/P(B). Bayes\' theorem has been frequently used in
the areas of diagnostic testing and in the determination of genetic predisposition. For example, if
one wants to know the probability that a person with a particular genetic profile (B) will develop
a particular tumour type (A)—that is, P(A|B). Previous knowledge leads to the assumption that
the probability that any individual will develop the specific tumour (P(A)) is 0.1 and the
probability that an individual has the particular genetic profile (P(B)) is 0.2. New evidence
establishes that the probability that an individual with the tumor—P(B|A)—has the genetic
profile of interest is 0.5. Thus: P(A|B) = 0.1×0.5/0.2 = 0.25 The adoption of Bayes\' theorem
has led to the development of Bayesian methods for data analysis. Bayesian methods have been
defined as \"the explicit use of external evidence in the design, monitoring, analysis,
interpretation and reporting\" of studies (Spiegelhalter, 1999). The Bayesian approach to data
analysis allows consideration of all possible sources of evidence in the determination of the
posterior probability of an event. It is argued that this approach has more relevance to decision
making than classical statistical inference, as it focuses on the transformation from initial
knowledge to final opinion rather than on providing the \"correct\" inference. In addition to its
practical use in probability analysis, Bayes\' theorem can be used as a normative model to assess
how well people use empirical information to update the probability that a hypothesis is true. 1.
Conditional Probabilities and Bayes\' Theorem The probability of a hypothesis H conditional on
a given body of data E is the ratio of the unconditional probability of the conjunction of the
hypothesis with the data to the unconditional probability of the data alone. (1.1) Definition. The
probability of H conditional on E is defined as PE(H) = P(H & E)/P(E), provided that both terms
of this ratio exist and P(E) > 0.[1] To illustrate, suppose J. Do.
Relative to Nazi Germany, what is the difference between the SS and .pdf
Relative to Nazi Germany, what is the difference between the SS and SA?
Solution
The SA - Sturm Abteilung- roughly translated as \"Storm Battalion\" and commonly known as
the Storm Troopers division was formed from activists who agressively intimidated opponents to
Hitler\'s Nazi Party, his \"National Socialist German Workers\' Party.\" As a para-military wing,
it protected campaigning party members during elections and was considered a \"support
group.\" It carried out raids and even murdered opposing party candidates.
The SS - Schutzstaffel - made up of SA members,was a protection unit of Hitler\'s bodyguards,
comprised of the most loyal of Hitler\'s supporters. It was a small, elite force. It expanded rapidly
and became the main controller in the elimination of \"enemies of the State.\"
To ensure Hitler\'s absolute power, the \"Blood purge\" of 1934 effectively eliminated the SA. It
was not disbanded until later but was basically taken over by the SS itself..
Reinvested funds from retained earnings theoretically belong toA. .pdf
Reinvested funds from retained earnings theoretically belong to
A. bond holders.
B. common stockholders.
C. employees.
D. All of the options
Solution
The correct answer is option B i.e., Common stockholders
Retained earnings are earnings available to stockholders after all other expenses including tax. In
Retained earnings after payment of preference dividend to preference stockholders the remaining
balance belongs to common stockholders. Therefore, if funds are reinvested from retained
earnings those are theoretically belongs to common stockholders..
Reinsch Company reported the following amounts (in euros) in 2014 N.pdf
Reinsch Company reported the following amounts (in euros) in 2014: Net income, €150,000;
Unrealized gain related to revaluation of buildings, €10,000; and Unrealized loss on nontrading
securities, €(35,000). Determine Reinsch’s total comprehensive income for 2014.
Solution
Total comprehensive income= Net income (150000) + Gain on Revaluation (10000 )- Loss on
Non trading (35000)
= 125000 Euro.
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS.
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Responsibilities of a nonprofit organizations governing board cons.pdf
Responsibilities of a nonprofit organization\'s governing board consist of legal and fiduciary,
oversight, fund-raising, and representation of constituencies and viewpoints. Address the fund-
raising duties of the governing board
Solution
Responsabilities of a non profit organization:
As Bruce Hopkins (2003) describes it, nonprofit governing board members are.
Resource allocation is fundamental to managing a successful project..pdf
Resource allocation is fundamental to managing a successful project. Explain how stakeholder
management is linked to resource allocation management. Additionally, can you have a resource
constraint of people without having time constraint implications?
Solution
resources are the inputs to accomplish a given task while considering all the constraints. they
may be financial resources, human or man power resources, technology or financial resources
also.
every organization\'s ultimate moto is to benefit to the all the stakeholders in long run. because
we have limited resources and unlimited activities to perform.
total resources can be divided into two types: natural and artifical
we should much care about natural resource, which we can use them but we cant create them.
even time is also one of the natural resource.
the resources which we can produce and utiize are called artificial resouces, like materials,
technology, money etc.
to fulfill the unlimited needs or tasks, we hato to plan to better utilization of resources. there
should be optimum utilization of resources and wastage should be minimum..
Residual risk is calculated as which of the followinga) Known .pdf
Residual risk is calculated as which of the following?
a) Known risks minus unknown risks
b) Actual risks minus probable risks
c) Probable risks minus possible risks
d) Potential risks minus covered risks
Solution
d. Potential risks include all possible and probable risks. Countermeasures cover some, but not
all risks. Therefore, the residual risk is potential risks minus covered risks..
Reseracher is comparing samples from 6 popultation Assume that the c.pdf
Reseracher is comparing samples from 6 popultation Assume that the conclusioj from an
ANOVA is that the null hypothesis is rejected. How many of the popultion means would be
significantly different from the others>
A. Three (half)
B. At least one
C. All would be different
D. More than two
(b)
Solution
Answer: B. At least one.
Researchers have noted that children that learn to play a musical in.pdf
Researchers have noted that children that learn to play a musical instrument through taking
lessons have higher average SAT scores, higher average GPA and higher average class rank.
This is an example of
A. an experiment.
B. an observational study.
C. the establishing of a causal relationship through correlation.
D. a block design, with music and no-music groups as blocks.
Please explain why
Solution
B. an observational study. THis is an observation done on the students Hence
option B.
Research the key facts and critical issues of BP before the BP oil s.pdf
Research the key facts and critical issues of BP before the BP oil spill of 2010 and summarize
them here as they relate to the past conduct of the organization.
Solution
Before the oil spill of 2010, BP ignored big systematic hazards. The company was also not very
strict regarding safety features and compliance when drilling rigs.
For rigs which was contracted out, the company was less strict regarding safety. The xompany
focused more on financial safety i.e. mitigating financial risks than on process safety i.e
mitigating process safety risks.
Clearly there was a management and leadership failure at BP..
Research W.L Gore and develop a 3-5 page paper by answering the foll.pdf
Research W.L Gore and develop a 3-5 page paper by answering the following questions:
Briefly describe the organization.
What makes W.L. Gore successful?
What is unique about the way the company is led?
What type of management style does CEO Terri Kelly use? Is this any different than the styles of
the founders?
What organizational beliefs and values does the Kelly hold important?
Can this type of culture be sustained in the long run at W.L. Gore?
Can this type of culture be implemented in the company you work(ed) for? Explain.
Solution
Briefly describe the organization.
W.L. Gore is a technological firm that creates and innovates about medical devices. Core of its
business is in four main areas: electronics, fabrics, industrial and medical products.
The company was founded in 1958 by Wilbert (Bill) Lee Gore and his wife Genevieve (Vieve)
Walton Gore in Newark.Bill Gore had spent 16 years with the DuPont Company in a number of
technical positions that included fluoropolymer research when he decided to form his own
company. While working in his basement, he set out to develop a process for insulating a series
of parallel electrical wires using polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), a fluoropolymer discovered in
1938 by Roy Plunkett, a chemist with DuPont.
In these four areas, you have Gore-Tex fabric is maybe W.L. Gore.
Research suggests that (1) individuals differ in their level of valu.pdf
Research suggests that (1) individuals differ in their level of values development, (2) individuals
hold different sets of instrumental values at different stages of development, and (3) peoples
value priorities do not change once they become adults. Which statements are correct?
Solution
Ans:
C) Only statements 1 and 2 are correct..
Research Methods, classify a research method in your chosen subj.pdf
\"Research Methods, classify a research method \"in your chosen subject area
Solution
classification
1.pure methods and applied methods
2. qualitative methods, and quantitative methods
in social sciences -----
sociology -Research Methods are obervation method ,various kinds of survey method ,interview
method etc,...
Research another industry that has experienced globalization or may .pdf
Research another industry that has experienced globalization or may be a good candidate for
globalization in the future and share your example with the class and explain why you selected
the industry.Choose two countries (other than the U.S.) within the same region of the world.
Assess the political risks, economic risks, and legal risks of each country. If you had to invest a
large sum of money into one of these two countries, which one would it be? Why?
Solution
1) An industry which I strongly believe will be a good candidate for globalization and will grow
at an exponential rate is the recycling industry. These days we have so many choices for goods
that we buy such as mobiles, TV, refrigerator, computers, clothes, furniture, cars, etc. The variety
of goods available for us to use is enormous, also technological changes and fashion makes
goods obsolete or out of fashion and hence this further drives up the demand for goods. We
should also note that the factors of production (inputs) used for this goods are finite. Hence,
today there is a very good potential for recycling industry to experience good growth and
experience globalization. Recycling firms can make the best use of the used, obsolete goods and
out of fashion goods for the benefit of society and save valuable/scarce economic factors of
production/inputs.
2) Let me give you the example of India and Pakistan, which belong to the same region of the
world: South Asia. Both the countries got independence and existence in the year 1947. Both the
countries have almost the same type of people (human capital) and natural resources. On one
hand we have India, a developing country attracting huge amounts of investment from foreign
companies and different countries and making a good name of itself in the whole world; on the
other hand we have Pakistan attracting a bad name in the world for all the possible wrong
reasons and with a very poor economy and very low standard of living.
We can assess the political, economic and legal risks of these two countries and make the
following conclusions:
A) Political risks: The government in India is very stable while in Pakistan is not. The
government in India is elected by the people(is a democracy) while the government in Pakistan is
also elected by the people of Pakistan, the chosen leaders have absolutely no power in
controlling the country as the whole power lies with the army and the secret service of that
nation. Also, it is very common for political leaders in Pakistan to get assassinated if they do not
work as per the will of the country.
Research and analyze the following subjectKey Point You must clea.pdf
Research and analyze the following subject
Key Point: You must clearly explain your understanding of the term Financial Repression and
then answer the questions below. Please include source(s)
Financial Repression
Some politicians and financial/economists argue that the U.S. must embark upon an era of
“financial repression” in which wealth must be kept from fleeing the country and must be taxed
heavily within the country.
a. What would be the rationale for financial repression, as defined above? Any arguments against
it?
b. As part of financial repression, it can be argued that savers should be prevented from any
significant real returns on their savings and investments. What would that accomplish?
Thank you.
Solution
Hi,
In the simple terms, Fianancial Repression is the measure taken by the government to reduce
their debt burder. These measures include steps such as holding down interest rates to below
inflation, representing a tax on savers and a transfer of benefits from lenders to borrowers.
a) The main raionale behind such a step is that US as of now has a lot of debts, The politicians
are now under a lot of pressure to reduce the debt burden. They want the money to circulated
within the economy and not move outside the country. Also imposing heavy tax to increase the
government earnings.
b) The primary purpose behind preventing from any significant real returns on their savings and
investments is to reduce the national consumption. Less real return means less savings, which
would lead to less consumption. Increasing production faster than domestic consumption
increases national savings.
Research and discuss the main audit procedures related to a client’s.pdf
Research and discuss the main audit procedures related to a client’s revenue balances, including
the concept of multiple deliverables and the SAB 101 publication from SEC.
Solution
Main audit procedures related to a client’s revenue balances
As per Generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), auditing revenue is a two-part
process:
Sample and test the income statement revenue accounts
Sample and test the balance sheet account: accounts receivable
Here are some of the accounts receivable audit procedures that they may follow:
The preceding list of audit procedures is designed to detect a variety of audit risks, which include
the following:
SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin:
No. 101 – Revenue Recognition
in Financial Statements
This staff accounting bulletin summarizes certain of the staff\'s views in applying generally
accepted accounting principles to revenue recognition in financial statements. The staff is
providing this guidance due, in part, to the large number of revenue recognition issues that
registrants encounter.
Accounting for multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements
Vendors often provide multiple products or services to their customers as part of a single
arrangement or a series of related arrangements. These deliverables may be provided at different
points in time or over different time periods. As a simple example, a vendor may enter into an
arrangement with a customer to deliver and install a tangible product along with providing one
year of maintenance services. In this arrangement, there are three deliverables: (1) the product,
(2) installation and (3) maintenance services. Issues often arise regarding how and whether to
separate these deliverables and how to allocate the overall arrangement consideration. Subtopic
605-25, Revenue Recognition – Multiple-Element Arrangements, of the Financial Accounting
Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) provides the guidance that should
be followed in accounting for this and many other revenue arrangements with multiple
deliverables..
Research a ompany that is publicly traded on the US stock exchanges .pdf
Research a ompany that is publicly traded on the US stock exchanges (NASDAQ, AMEX,
NYSE). Find the ticker symbol, describe the industry and business the company is in, find the
10k statements.
Solution
Southwestern Energy Company icker symbol = SWN Exchange: NYSE
Company business:
Southwestern Energy Company (including its subsidiaries, collectively, “we”, “Southwestern” or
the “Company”) is an independent energy company engaged in natural gas and oil exploration,
development and production (“E&P”). We are also focused on creating and capturing additional
value through our natural gas gathering and marketing businesses, which we refer to as
Midstream Services. We conduct substantially all of our business through subsidiaries.
Exploration and Production - Our primary business is the exploration for and production of
natural gas and oil, with our current operations principally focused within the United States on
development of two unconventional natural gas reservoirs located in Arkansas and
Pennsylvania. Our operations in Arkansas are primarily focused on an unconventional natural
gas reservoir known as the Fayetteville Shale, and our operations in northeast Pennsylvania are
focused on the unconventional natural gas reservoir known as the Marcellus Shale (herein
referred to as “Northeast Appalachia”). Recently, we acquired a significant stake in properties
located in West Virginia and southwest Pennsylvania, which we also intend to develop. These
operations in West Virginia also focused on the Marcellus Shale, the Utica and the Upper
Devonian unconventional natural gas and oil reservoirs (herein referred to as “Southwest
Appalachia”). Collectively, our properties located in West Virginia and Pennsylvania are herein
referred to as the “Appalachian Basin.” To a lesser extent, we have exploration and production
activities ongoing in Colorado, Louisiana, Texas and in the Arkoma Basin in Arkansas and
Oklahoma. We also actively seek to find and develop new natural gas and oil plays with
significant exploration and exploitation potential, which we refer to as “New Ventures,” and
through acquisitions. We also operate drilling rigs in Arkansas and Pennsylvania, as well as in
other operating areas, and provide oilfield products and services, principally serving our
exploration and production operations.
Midstream Services - We engage in natural gas gathering activities in Arkansas, Texas,
Louisiana, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia . These activities primarily support our E&P
operations and generate revenue from fees associated with the gathering of natural gas. Our
marketing activities capture downstream opportunities that arise through the marketing and
transportation of the natural gas, oil and natural gas liquids (NGLs) produced in our E&P
operations.
industry
Companies in the Independent Oil & Gas industry with significant portions of their operations
revolving around natural gas have been facing a number of headwinds recently. Warm weather
across t.
Research (Toys R Us)1. Determine if the company has introduced new.pdf
Research (Toys R Us)
1. Determine if the company has introduced new products in existing markets or created new
markets over time. What is the impact on its finances?
2. Determine if the price of its products increased or declined over time and analyze the reasons
for price fluctuations. Study the demand elasticity for its products and discuss the availability of
close substitutes for its products. How does that affect pricing decisions?
3. Analyze the company’s profitability. Identify the economy or industry influences on its costs,
operations, and profitability.
Solution
Company T is an American retailing house of toys and child products established in 1948.
The company creates new market over times. It opened its 1st international branch in Canada in
the year 1984. Since then the company spreads worldwide rapidly. Now it has 140 branches in
35 different countries including Germany, France, and Australia. In recent development, in
October 2011, the company opened a branch in Poland.
The company finances for expansion purpose. Most of the finances are utilized in opening
international branches and to fulfil their formalities..
Report Card of American Infrastructure published in 2009 rated Ameri.pdf
Report Card of American Infrastructure published in 2009 rated American areas as-----
A. B+ and above
B. B and lower
C. C and above
D. below C+
Solution
Report Card of American Infrastructure published in 2009 rated American areas as
The correct answer is Option C. C and above
The American society of Civil engineers have given following information based on which the
answer has been arrived:
Aviation D
Bridges C
Dams D
Drinking Water D
Energy D+
Hazardous Waste D
Inland Waterways D
Levees D
Public Parks and Recreation C
Rail C
Roads D
Schools D
Solid Waste C+
Transit D Wastewater D.
Remote control programs have a number of disadvantages when they are.pdf
Remote control programs have a number of disadvantages when they are used for remote local-
area network (LAN) access. Which of the following disadvantages ismost difficult to manage?
Telephone connect time not minimized
Manually connect and disconnect operations
Compatibility with host applications
Network management time
Solution
d Network management time
Limited network management for most remote control programs is a major disadvantage.
Managing a large number of host workstations is difficult; each station must be managed
individually. The remote control program that LAN access method uses does not implicitly
minimize telephone connect time; although, it is possible to automate many operations using
batch files or other programming mechanisms..
Refer to Example 4.10, Solution Bayes theo.pdf
Refer to Example 4.10,
Solution
Bayes\' theorem deals with the role of new information in revising probability
estimates. The theorem assumes that the probability of a hypothesis (the posterior probability) is
a function of new evidence (the likelihood) and previous knowledge (prior probability). The
theorem is named after Thomas Bayes (1702–1761), a nonconformist minister who had an
interest in mathematics. The basis of the theorem is contained in as essay published in the
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London in 1763. Bayes\' theorem is a logical
consequence of the product rule of probability, which is the probability (P) of two events (A and
B) happening— P(A,B)—is equal to the conditional probability of one event occurring given that
the other has already occurred—P(A|B)—multiplied by the probability of the other event
happening—P(B). The derivation of the theorem is as follows: P(A,B) = P(A|B)×P(B) =
P(B|A)×P(A) Thus: P(A|B) = P(B|A)×P(A)/P(B). Bayes\' theorem has been frequently used in
the areas of diagnostic testing and in the determination of genetic predisposition. For example, if
one wants to know the probability that a person with a particular genetic profile (B) will develop
a particular tumour type (A)—that is, P(A|B). Previous knowledge leads to the assumption that
the probability that any individual will develop the specific tumour (P(A)) is 0.1 and the
probability that an individual has the particular genetic profile (P(B)) is 0.2. New evidence
establishes that the probability that an individual with the tumor—P(B|A)—has the genetic
profile of interest is 0.5. Thus: P(A|B) = 0.1×0.5/0.2 = 0.25 The adoption of Bayes\' theorem
has led to the development of Bayesian methods for data analysis. Bayesian methods have been
defined as \"the explicit use of external evidence in the design, monitoring, analysis,
interpretation and reporting\" of studies (Spiegelhalter, 1999). The Bayesian approach to data
analysis allows consideration of all possible sources of evidence in the determination of the
posterior probability of an event. It is argued that this approach has more relevance to decision
making than classical statistical inference, as it focuses on the transformation from initial
knowledge to final opinion rather than on providing the \"correct\" inference. In addition to its
practical use in probability analysis, Bayes\' theorem can be used as a normative model to assess
how well people use empirical information to update the probability that a hypothesis is true. 1.
Conditional Probabilities and Bayes\' Theorem The probability of a hypothesis H conditional on
a given body of data E is the ratio of the unconditional probability of the conjunction of the
hypothesis with the data to the unconditional probability of the data alone. (1.1) Definition. The
probability of H conditional on E is defined as PE(H) = P(H & E)/P(E), provided that both terms
of this ratio exist and P(E) > 0.[1] To illustrate, suppose J. Do.
Relative to Nazi Germany, what is the difference between the SS and .pdf
Relative to Nazi Germany, what is the difference between the SS and SA?
Solution
The SA - Sturm Abteilung- roughly translated as \"Storm Battalion\" and commonly known as
the Storm Troopers division was formed from activists who agressively intimidated opponents to
Hitler\'s Nazi Party, his \"National Socialist German Workers\' Party.\" As a para-military wing,
it protected campaigning party members during elections and was considered a \"support
group.\" It carried out raids and even murdered opposing party candidates.
The SS - Schutzstaffel - made up of SA members,was a protection unit of Hitler\'s bodyguards,
comprised of the most loyal of Hitler\'s supporters. It was a small, elite force. It expanded rapidly
and became the main controller in the elimination of \"enemies of the State.\"
To ensure Hitler\'s absolute power, the \"Blood purge\" of 1934 effectively eliminated the SA. It
was not disbanded until later but was basically taken over by the SS itself..
Reinvested funds from retained earnings theoretically belong toA. .pdf
Reinvested funds from retained earnings theoretically belong to
A. bond holders.
B. common stockholders.
C. employees.
D. All of the options
Solution
The correct answer is option B i.e., Common stockholders
Retained earnings are earnings available to stockholders after all other expenses including tax. In
Retained earnings after payment of preference dividend to preference stockholders the remaining
balance belongs to common stockholders. Therefore, if funds are reinvested from retained
earnings those are theoretically belongs to common stockholders..
Reinsch Company reported the following amounts (in euros) in 2014 N.pdf
Reinsch Company reported the following amounts (in euros) in 2014: Net income, €150,000;
Unrealized gain related to revaluation of buildings, €10,000; and Unrealized loss on nontrading
securities, €(35,000). Determine Reinsch’s total comprehensive income for 2014.
Solution
Total comprehensive income= Net income (150000) + Gain on Revaluation (10000 )- Loss on
Non trading (35000)
= 125000 Euro.
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