Referendum 2009 - Unicef NZ
•Download as PPT, PDF•
0 likes•557 views
- New Zealand passed a law in 2007 banning physical punishment of children and removing the defense of "reasonable force". This was done to protect children's right to live free from violence. - The law is up for a referendum in July 2009 where voters will be asked if a "smack" should remain a criminal offense. Supporters of keeping the ban say hitting children can harm development and has not proven effective, while opponents want to retain parental right to use physical correction. - Research links physical punishment with increased aggression, mental health issues, abuse risk, and other problems in children. Positive parenting without hitting is advocated as a more effective long-term approach to discipline.
Report
Share
Report
Share
![Amendment of Section 59 of the Crimes Act. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
Recommended
Introduction to the Child Advocacy Studies Program
I do not actually have a professional role. I am an AI assistant created by Anthropic to be helpful, harmless, and honest.
Winton Woods Middle School- Child Abuse (Understanding the Problem)
This document provides information on how to obtain child abuse and neglect registry checks in each U.S. state. It lists the contact phone numbers and websites for requesting checks from central registries in each state. For some states, it specifies how to submit written requests, including required information like names, dates of birth, and social security numbers. The purpose is to help individuals obtain information on whether applicants have a history of child abuse or neglect from registry records in any state where they have previously lived.
Youth sentencing
This document discusses various interventions and sentencing options for youth offenders in the UK criminal justice system. It describes programs like Sure Start, Connexions, and Neighbourhood Renewal which aim to improve outcomes for disadvantaged youth. Youth Offending Teams are multi-agency teams that assess each young offender's needs and risks to determine appropriate interventions like education, drug treatment, or accommodation. Sentencing options mentioned include Referral Orders requiring agreed behavior contracts, Action Plan Orders for community service and education, and Reparation Orders for victims. Parenting Orders may also be used to help parents address their children's behavior.
Welfare food stamps binder
The document discusses proposed changes to food stamp qualification requirements in the United States. It introduces food stamps and current qualification limits based on income and household size. It then proposes raising the maximum income limit to allow more people to qualify for food stamps. This could help families in need but may increase program costs and tax burdens. The document also discusses alternative policies around work requirements and constitutional considerations around the proposed changes.
Rx15 le wed_300_1_earle_2brown
Law Enforcement Track: Enhancing the Role of Law Enforcement: Intervening in Rx Abuse and Protecting Children
Sample Report on Child Abuse
Child abuse is the major problem that carries the attention of whole country. Sample Report on strengths and weakness of current legislation/policies relating to Child abuse.
Sex education binder
The group identified that a lack of adequate sex education is harmful to students. They believe teaching abstinence-only is not enough, as some teens will not choose abstinence. Their proposed solution is to implement a new, reformed health class that is given an hour each school day. This would decrease teen pregnancy and STDs by providing more comprehensive education about safe sex practices and the consequences of unprotected sex. The class would teach students how to protect themselves regardless of their sexuality. The group believes the federal government should mandate this approach nationwide as issues like STDs are global problems.
South Carolina Drug Endangered Children Guidelines
The document outlines South Carolina's Drug Endangered Children Guidelines. It discusses the need for a multidisciplinary approach to ensure the safety and well-being of children found in drug environments. The guidelines provide procedures for coordinated response by law enforcement, medical professionals, DSS and others to investigate the scene, assess and care for the children, and pursue legal action against caregivers when appropriate. Identifying and protecting drug endangered children is important to prevent long-term physical, emotional and developmental harm and reduce costs to taxpayers for medical care.
Recommended
Introduction to the Child Advocacy Studies Program
I do not actually have a professional role. I am an AI assistant created by Anthropic to be helpful, harmless, and honest.
Winton Woods Middle School- Child Abuse (Understanding the Problem)
This document provides information on how to obtain child abuse and neglect registry checks in each U.S. state. It lists the contact phone numbers and websites for requesting checks from central registries in each state. For some states, it specifies how to submit written requests, including required information like names, dates of birth, and social security numbers. The purpose is to help individuals obtain information on whether applicants have a history of child abuse or neglect from registry records in any state where they have previously lived.
Youth sentencing
This document discusses various interventions and sentencing options for youth offenders in the UK criminal justice system. It describes programs like Sure Start, Connexions, and Neighbourhood Renewal which aim to improve outcomes for disadvantaged youth. Youth Offending Teams are multi-agency teams that assess each young offender's needs and risks to determine appropriate interventions like education, drug treatment, or accommodation. Sentencing options mentioned include Referral Orders requiring agreed behavior contracts, Action Plan Orders for community service and education, and Reparation Orders for victims. Parenting Orders may also be used to help parents address their children's behavior.
Welfare food stamps binder
The document discusses proposed changes to food stamp qualification requirements in the United States. It introduces food stamps and current qualification limits based on income and household size. It then proposes raising the maximum income limit to allow more people to qualify for food stamps. This could help families in need but may increase program costs and tax burdens. The document also discusses alternative policies around work requirements and constitutional considerations around the proposed changes.
Rx15 le wed_300_1_earle_2brown
Law Enforcement Track: Enhancing the Role of Law Enforcement: Intervening in Rx Abuse and Protecting Children
Sample Report on Child Abuse
Child abuse is the major problem that carries the attention of whole country. Sample Report on strengths and weakness of current legislation/policies relating to Child abuse.
Sex education binder
The group identified that a lack of adequate sex education is harmful to students. They believe teaching abstinence-only is not enough, as some teens will not choose abstinence. Their proposed solution is to implement a new, reformed health class that is given an hour each school day. This would decrease teen pregnancy and STDs by providing more comprehensive education about safe sex practices and the consequences of unprotected sex. The class would teach students how to protect themselves regardless of their sexuality. The group believes the federal government should mandate this approach nationwide as issues like STDs are global problems.
South Carolina Drug Endangered Children Guidelines
The document outlines South Carolina's Drug Endangered Children Guidelines. It discusses the need for a multidisciplinary approach to ensure the safety and well-being of children found in drug environments. The guidelines provide procedures for coordinated response by law enforcement, medical professionals, DSS and others to investigate the scene, assess and care for the children, and pursue legal action against caregivers when appropriate. Identifying and protecting drug endangered children is important to prevent long-term physical, emotional and developmental harm and reduce costs to taxpayers for medical care.
Au Psy492 E Portfolio Thomas J M7 A2
One in five juvenile offenders has a serious mental illness. Many youth are placed in the juvenile justice system because mental health services are not available elsewhere. Left unaddressed, mental health issues in the system lead to harm and high costs. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2009 provides support for improved screening, assessment and treatment of mental health issues. Effective approaches involve developing plans, listening to youth, and restoring hope.
Every Child Matters
The document summarizes the key points of the UK government's 2003 Green Paper titled "Every Child Matters". It outlines the five outcomes that policies aim to achieve for children: being healthy, staying safe, enjoying life and learning, positive contribution, and economic well-being. It also discusses early intervention and information sharing between agencies, the role of parents in children's outcomes, and developing a common assessment framework to reduce duplication of assessments. The goal is to improve support for children and reduce issues like educational failure, abuse, teenage pregnancy, and criminal behavior.
Sfa Child Protection 11th May 2008
This document provides guidance for clubs on child protection issues and responsibilities. It discusses definitions of abuse, risks to children, legislation, and procedures for responding to and recording concerns about a child's welfare. Key points covered include common types of child abuse, risks from parental substance abuse and domestic violence, grooming offenses, and establishing basic facts when responding to a disclosure. Recommendations are provided for minimum operating requirements for clubs regarding policies, codes of conduct, recruitment, and training.
South Carolina Adverse Childhood Experiences Initiative
This document discusses adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in South Carolina. It provides data from a 2014 survey that found 45% of South Carolinians experienced at least one ACE, with emotional abuse, substance abuse in the household, and parental divorce or separation being the most common. Exposure to multiple ACEs strongly correlates with negative health, social, and educational outcomes. The state is working to address ACEs through training programs, prevention frameworks, and policy changes to support evidence-based programming and invest in preventative care. The impacts of ACEs in schools include lower GPAs, higher absenteeism, increased behavioral issues, and greater likelihood of risk behaviors.
Juvenile drug use binder
This document discusses juvenile drug use and proposes alternatives to address the issue. It begins by outlining reasons why teens use drugs such as depression, stress, bullying, peer pressure, boredom, and rebellion. It then discusses the negative impacts of teen drug use including poor school performance, loss of friends, and health issues. Three policy alternatives are proposed: 1) creating recreation centers for teens, 2) drug rehabilitation programs, and 3) after-school programs about the dangers of drugs. The benefits and disadvantages of each alternative are described. The document argues that a recreation center would be the best approach and outlines an action plan to implement this policy, including gathering support from government officials and community organizations.
Health class
This document proposes reforming the health class curriculum at a middle school to include a semester-long health class with a comprehensive sex education unit. It identifies issues with the current abstinence-only approach such as unintended teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Three alternative policies are considered: incorporating sex ed into gym, science, or a standalone health class. A semester-long health class is selected to allow more time for instruction and questions. An action plan is outlined to gain support from students, teachers, and administrators to implement the new policy.
Significant harm
This presentation was designed to consolidate student's understanding of 'significant harm' following group work and a reading of Harwin and Madge's journal article, "The concept of significant harm in law and practice".
St Adalbert- Gangland
The document discusses gang violence in Cleveland and the motivations for joining gangs. It then outlines the efforts of an 8th grade class at St. Adalbert Catholic School to address this issue. The class brought in a former gang member to speak about his experience and how to avoid gangs. A survey found that students felt gangs were a major problem in their neighborhoods but did not feel responsible for helping others. The class was recognized for their work at a youth justice summit.
Ending Violence against Children in Georgia: Ways Forward
This document summarizes the findings of a study on violence against children in Georgia. The study surveyed over 3,000 people across Georgia about their knowledge, attitudes and practices related to violence against children. It found that violence against children is widely accepted in Georgia, with over half the population believing violent punishment is more effective than non-violent parenting. Women were more likely than men to view violence against children as appropriate. Additionally, most people, including professionals, believe issues within a family should remain private, creating obstacles to reporting violence. The findings suggest high tolerance of violence against children contributes to its continued prevalence in Georgia.
Creating a Non-Violent Juvenile Justice
Child Helpline International is part of the "International NGO Council of Violence against Children", which developed this report. This report from creates an enriching
vision of a non-violent juvenile justice system.
The vision is no more than the fulfillment of states’
obligations under international law to create a distinct
and separate justice system which takes account of
the special status of the child, focuses exclusively on
rehabilitation and reintegration and protects the child
from all forms of violence.
C6 parenting children and youth
This document provides an overview of Children's Aid Societies in Ontario and their role in protecting children from abuse and neglect. It discusses the types of abuse, including physical, sexual, emotional abuse and neglect. It outlines the duty to report suspected abuse or neglect and the process for investigations. Key responsibilities of Children's Aid Societies include assessing risk of harm to children, providing voluntary or protective services, and placing children in kinship care or foster homes when necessary.
Smacking
The document reports on a new study by the Institute for Public Policy Research that recommends banning smacking of children in the UK. The study found that smacking, even lightly, increases chances of aggression and criminal behavior later in life. It calls for counseling programs for children starting at age 5 to try to prevent teenage criminality. Experts say the most prolific young criminals begin offending between ages 10-13, and the biggest risk factor is how their parents behave. While some oppose a total ban on smacking and want alternatives explained first, most doctors believe all forms of smacking are assault and should not be allowed.
Juvenile Justice System in Nepal
This document provides an overview of the juvenile justice system in Nepal. It discusses the legal framework which includes international conventions that Nepal has ratified as well as domestic laws like the Constitution and Children Act. The key principles of the juvenile justice system are that it must be rational, humane and child-centered. The legal procedures for handling juvenile cases are also outlined, including designating a special police unit, conducting inquiries in a child-friendly manner, forming a juvenile bench with social workers, and informing parents/guardians of proceedings. The document provides context on juvenile justice reforms in Nepal.
Advocating for the Extension of Psychological Treatment in the Juvenile Legal...
This document advocates for extending psychological treatment in the juvenile legal system. It discusses how biological factors like brain development impact juveniles' decision-making compared to adults. Psychological principles of ethics, like beneficence and non-maleficence, should guide the legal system. Research questions whether psychological treatment could better rehabilitate juvenile delinquents than traditional punishment. A quantitative study is proposed to correlate variables like age, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and prior legal/mental health history with rehabilitation outcomes to determine if expanded psychological services would be more effective.
Juvenile Justice
This document discusses juvenile delinquents and different treatment models used in the juvenile justice system. It describes how treatment models aim to address the underlying causes that led youth to commit crimes through rehabilitation rather than punishment. The document also discusses biblical principles of restorative justice and how some diversion programs use a restorative justice model to restore both the victim and offender.
Juvenile Justice Systems
The document discusses juvenile justice systems and how they handle juveniles who commit crimes. It notes that juveniles' brains are still developing so they may have difficulty weighing decisions and consequences. Research shows the frontal lobe, which controls advanced functions, develops last. The system aims to rehabilitate youth rather than solely punish them. Factors like substance abuse, trauma and lack of guidance can influence juvenile delinquency.
Running head THE RAMAYANA AND SEI SHONAGON .docx
Running head: THE RAMAYANA AND SEI SHONAGON 1
Running Head: JUVENILE SYSTEM 4
Tommy K. Bush Sr.
CJ 3325 Juvenile Justice
Dr. Oliver
November 28, 2013
Abstract
In America, it is noted that the American justice system dealing with juveniles has developed over the past century. This has been due to the distinguishing difference existing from the criminal justice system. As a result, the purpose of this article is to articulate why the juvenile justice system is better than the criminal system of justice. The paper is going to give a brief introduction of the juvenile system of justice and later on, state the importance of the juvenile process. An overview of how the juvenile system is adopted across the American State will be shown. This will give the reader a rough awareness of how the justice system has brought change in the country in terms of crime reduction. Giving statistics of the various criminal activities will expand on this point further, and thus, readers will be able to understand why the juvenile justice system is vital. The essay purposes to elaborate why the juvenile justice system is preferred and thus, will give an in-depth understanding of how the system contributes to the youths’ greater amenability to treatment. The conclusion will be a summary of the main ideas and points argued in the essay and emphasize on the importance of juvenile justice systems.
Introduction
In 1899, in Chicago (Illinois), the first juvenile court was established. Policy makers, citizens, and professionals continue debating on why juvenile offenders should be tried and sentenced differently from adult offenders. To the public, the aspect of trying juveniles as adults is a controversial topic. As such, the principle of establishing these juvenile courts was for individualized justice and their main focus was on rehabilitating, caring, and treating the youthful offenders and not punishing them. The juveniles talked about in this case fall under 18 years of age, nonetheless in some American States there is variance in terms of the legal age. According to recent research conducted, it is evident that the human brain continues to develop throughout adolescence. The pre-frontal cortex (part of the brain responsible for function execution and complex reasoning) is not fully matured until the mid-twenties (Scott & Steinberg, 2008). Therefore, for adolescents, their brain is not fully matured hence; their thought and decision-making processes are different from those of the adult. For instance, for adolescents, it is developmentally normative to take greater risks and show susceptibility to influences from their peers than adults. As such, these normal differences contribute to behaviors that have led many adolescents to their involvement with the juvenile justice system. Some of the risk factors .
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS). Parc Taulí. Sabadell
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
CLEAR ALIGNER THERAPY IN ORTHODONTICS .pptx
Dr. ZANAB FARHEEN FAYAZ ,MDS(ORTHODONTICS & DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS ).
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
The benefits of an ePCR solution should extend to the whole EMS organization, not just certain groups of people or certain departments. It should provide more than just a form for entering and a database for storing information. It should also include a workflow of how information is communicated, used and stored across the entire organization.
More Related Content
What's hot
Au Psy492 E Portfolio Thomas J M7 A2
One in five juvenile offenders has a serious mental illness. Many youth are placed in the juvenile justice system because mental health services are not available elsewhere. Left unaddressed, mental health issues in the system lead to harm and high costs. The Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Reauthorization Act of 2009 provides support for improved screening, assessment and treatment of mental health issues. Effective approaches involve developing plans, listening to youth, and restoring hope.
Every Child Matters
The document summarizes the key points of the UK government's 2003 Green Paper titled "Every Child Matters". It outlines the five outcomes that policies aim to achieve for children: being healthy, staying safe, enjoying life and learning, positive contribution, and economic well-being. It also discusses early intervention and information sharing between agencies, the role of parents in children's outcomes, and developing a common assessment framework to reduce duplication of assessments. The goal is to improve support for children and reduce issues like educational failure, abuse, teenage pregnancy, and criminal behavior.
Sfa Child Protection 11th May 2008
This document provides guidance for clubs on child protection issues and responsibilities. It discusses definitions of abuse, risks to children, legislation, and procedures for responding to and recording concerns about a child's welfare. Key points covered include common types of child abuse, risks from parental substance abuse and domestic violence, grooming offenses, and establishing basic facts when responding to a disclosure. Recommendations are provided for minimum operating requirements for clubs regarding policies, codes of conduct, recruitment, and training.
South Carolina Adverse Childhood Experiences Initiative
This document discusses adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in South Carolina. It provides data from a 2014 survey that found 45% of South Carolinians experienced at least one ACE, with emotional abuse, substance abuse in the household, and parental divorce or separation being the most common. Exposure to multiple ACEs strongly correlates with negative health, social, and educational outcomes. The state is working to address ACEs through training programs, prevention frameworks, and policy changes to support evidence-based programming and invest in preventative care. The impacts of ACEs in schools include lower GPAs, higher absenteeism, increased behavioral issues, and greater likelihood of risk behaviors.
Juvenile drug use binder
This document discusses juvenile drug use and proposes alternatives to address the issue. It begins by outlining reasons why teens use drugs such as depression, stress, bullying, peer pressure, boredom, and rebellion. It then discusses the negative impacts of teen drug use including poor school performance, loss of friends, and health issues. Three policy alternatives are proposed: 1) creating recreation centers for teens, 2) drug rehabilitation programs, and 3) after-school programs about the dangers of drugs. The benefits and disadvantages of each alternative are described. The document argues that a recreation center would be the best approach and outlines an action plan to implement this policy, including gathering support from government officials and community organizations.
Health class
This document proposes reforming the health class curriculum at a middle school to include a semester-long health class with a comprehensive sex education unit. It identifies issues with the current abstinence-only approach such as unintended teen pregnancies and sexually transmitted infections. Three alternative policies are considered: incorporating sex ed into gym, science, or a standalone health class. A semester-long health class is selected to allow more time for instruction and questions. An action plan is outlined to gain support from students, teachers, and administrators to implement the new policy.
Significant harm
This presentation was designed to consolidate student's understanding of 'significant harm' following group work and a reading of Harwin and Madge's journal article, "The concept of significant harm in law and practice".
St Adalbert- Gangland
The document discusses gang violence in Cleveland and the motivations for joining gangs. It then outlines the efforts of an 8th grade class at St. Adalbert Catholic School to address this issue. The class brought in a former gang member to speak about his experience and how to avoid gangs. A survey found that students felt gangs were a major problem in their neighborhoods but did not feel responsible for helping others. The class was recognized for their work at a youth justice summit.
What's hot (8)
South Carolina Adverse Childhood Experiences Initiative
South Carolina Adverse Childhood Experiences Initiative
Similar to Referendum 2009 - Unicef NZ
Ending Violence against Children in Georgia: Ways Forward
This document summarizes the findings of a study on violence against children in Georgia. The study surveyed over 3,000 people across Georgia about their knowledge, attitudes and practices related to violence against children. It found that violence against children is widely accepted in Georgia, with over half the population believing violent punishment is more effective than non-violent parenting. Women were more likely than men to view violence against children as appropriate. Additionally, most people, including professionals, believe issues within a family should remain private, creating obstacles to reporting violence. The findings suggest high tolerance of violence against children contributes to its continued prevalence in Georgia.
Creating a Non-Violent Juvenile Justice
Child Helpline International is part of the "International NGO Council of Violence against Children", which developed this report. This report from creates an enriching
vision of a non-violent juvenile justice system.
The vision is no more than the fulfillment of states’
obligations under international law to create a distinct
and separate justice system which takes account of
the special status of the child, focuses exclusively on
rehabilitation and reintegration and protects the child
from all forms of violence.
C6 parenting children and youth
This document provides an overview of Children's Aid Societies in Ontario and their role in protecting children from abuse and neglect. It discusses the types of abuse, including physical, sexual, emotional abuse and neglect. It outlines the duty to report suspected abuse or neglect and the process for investigations. Key responsibilities of Children's Aid Societies include assessing risk of harm to children, providing voluntary or protective services, and placing children in kinship care or foster homes when necessary.
Smacking
The document reports on a new study by the Institute for Public Policy Research that recommends banning smacking of children in the UK. The study found that smacking, even lightly, increases chances of aggression and criminal behavior later in life. It calls for counseling programs for children starting at age 5 to try to prevent teenage criminality. Experts say the most prolific young criminals begin offending between ages 10-13, and the biggest risk factor is how their parents behave. While some oppose a total ban on smacking and want alternatives explained first, most doctors believe all forms of smacking are assault and should not be allowed.
Juvenile Justice System in Nepal
This document provides an overview of the juvenile justice system in Nepal. It discusses the legal framework which includes international conventions that Nepal has ratified as well as domestic laws like the Constitution and Children Act. The key principles of the juvenile justice system are that it must be rational, humane and child-centered. The legal procedures for handling juvenile cases are also outlined, including designating a special police unit, conducting inquiries in a child-friendly manner, forming a juvenile bench with social workers, and informing parents/guardians of proceedings. The document provides context on juvenile justice reforms in Nepal.
Advocating for the Extension of Psychological Treatment in the Juvenile Legal...
This document advocates for extending psychological treatment in the juvenile legal system. It discusses how biological factors like brain development impact juveniles' decision-making compared to adults. Psychological principles of ethics, like beneficence and non-maleficence, should guide the legal system. Research questions whether psychological treatment could better rehabilitate juvenile delinquents than traditional punishment. A quantitative study is proposed to correlate variables like age, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and prior legal/mental health history with rehabilitation outcomes to determine if expanded psychological services would be more effective.
Juvenile Justice
This document discusses juvenile delinquents and different treatment models used in the juvenile justice system. It describes how treatment models aim to address the underlying causes that led youth to commit crimes through rehabilitation rather than punishment. The document also discusses biblical principles of restorative justice and how some diversion programs use a restorative justice model to restore both the victim and offender.
Juvenile Justice Systems
The document discusses juvenile justice systems and how they handle juveniles who commit crimes. It notes that juveniles' brains are still developing so they may have difficulty weighing decisions and consequences. Research shows the frontal lobe, which controls advanced functions, develops last. The system aims to rehabilitate youth rather than solely punish them. Factors like substance abuse, trauma and lack of guidance can influence juvenile delinquency.
Running head THE RAMAYANA AND SEI SHONAGON .docx
Running head: THE RAMAYANA AND SEI SHONAGON 1
Running Head: JUVENILE SYSTEM 4
Tommy K. Bush Sr.
CJ 3325 Juvenile Justice
Dr. Oliver
November 28, 2013
Abstract
In America, it is noted that the American justice system dealing with juveniles has developed over the past century. This has been due to the distinguishing difference existing from the criminal justice system. As a result, the purpose of this article is to articulate why the juvenile justice system is better than the criminal system of justice. The paper is going to give a brief introduction of the juvenile system of justice and later on, state the importance of the juvenile process. An overview of how the juvenile system is adopted across the American State will be shown. This will give the reader a rough awareness of how the justice system has brought change in the country in terms of crime reduction. Giving statistics of the various criminal activities will expand on this point further, and thus, readers will be able to understand why the juvenile justice system is vital. The essay purposes to elaborate why the juvenile justice system is preferred and thus, will give an in-depth understanding of how the system contributes to the youths’ greater amenability to treatment. The conclusion will be a summary of the main ideas and points argued in the essay and emphasize on the importance of juvenile justice systems.
Introduction
In 1899, in Chicago (Illinois), the first juvenile court was established. Policy makers, citizens, and professionals continue debating on why juvenile offenders should be tried and sentenced differently from adult offenders. To the public, the aspect of trying juveniles as adults is a controversial topic. As such, the principle of establishing these juvenile courts was for individualized justice and their main focus was on rehabilitating, caring, and treating the youthful offenders and not punishing them. The juveniles talked about in this case fall under 18 years of age, nonetheless in some American States there is variance in terms of the legal age. According to recent research conducted, it is evident that the human brain continues to develop throughout adolescence. The pre-frontal cortex (part of the brain responsible for function execution and complex reasoning) is not fully matured until the mid-twenties (Scott & Steinberg, 2008). Therefore, for adolescents, their brain is not fully matured hence; their thought and decision-making processes are different from those of the adult. For instance, for adolescents, it is developmentally normative to take greater risks and show susceptibility to influences from their peers than adults. As such, these normal differences contribute to behaviors that have led many adolescents to their involvement with the juvenile justice system. Some of the risk factors .
Similar to Referendum 2009 - Unicef NZ (9)
Ending Violence against Children in Georgia: Ways Forward
Ending Violence against Children in Georgia: Ways Forward
Advocating for the Extension of Psychological Treatment in the Juvenile Legal...
Advocating for the Extension of Psychological Treatment in the Juvenile Legal...
Recently uploaded
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS)
Artificial Intelligence Symposium (THAIS). Parc Taulí. Sabadell
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis is an increasing cause of morbidity among the elderly.
In this document , a brief outline of osteoporosis is given , including the risk factors of osteoporosis fractures , the indications for testing bone mineral density and the management of osteoporosis
CLEAR ALIGNER THERAPY IN ORTHODONTICS .pptx
Dr. ZANAB FARHEEN FAYAZ ,MDS(ORTHODONTICS & DENTOFACIAL ORTHOPEDICS ).
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
The benefits of an ePCR solution should extend to the whole EMS organization, not just certain groups of people or certain departments. It should provide more than just a form for entering and a database for storing information. It should also include a workflow of how information is communicated, used and stored across the entire organization.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
Respiratory issues like asthma are the most sensitive issue that is affecting millions worldwide. It hampers the daily activities leaving the body tired and breathless.
The key to a good grip on asthma is proper knowledge and management strategies. Understanding the patient-specific symptoms and carving out an effective treatment likewise is the best way to keep asthma under control.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
This quiz was conducted as a promotional event for the 2024 Annual Meet of Kerala Chapter of API.
More than 20 participants took part everyday !
What are the different types of Dental implants.
Are you looking for a long-lasting solution to your missing tooth?
Dental implants are the most common type of method for replacing the missing tooth. Unlike dentures or bridges, implants are surgically placed in the jawbone. In layman’s terms, a dental implant is similar to the natural root of the tooth. It offers a stable foundation for the artificial tooth giving it the look, feel, and function similar to the natural tooth.
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
une 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
5-hydroxytryptamine or 5-HT or Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that serves a range of roles in the human body. It is sometimes referred to as the happy chemical since it promotes overall well-being and happiness.
It is mostly found in the brain, intestines, and blood platelets.
5-HT is utilised to transport messages between nerve cells, is known to be involved in smooth muscle contraction, and adds to overall well-being and pleasure, among other benefits. 5-HT regulates the body's sleep-wake cycles and internal clock by acting as a precursor to melatonin.
It is hypothesised to regulate hunger, emotions, motor, cognitive, and autonomic processes.
DECLARATION OF HELSINKI - History and principles
This SlideShare presentation provides a comprehensive overview of the Declaration of Helsinki, a foundational document outlining ethical guidelines for conducting medical research involving human subjects.
NAVIGATING THE HORIZONS OF TIME LAPSE EMBRYO MONITORING.pdf
Time-lapse embryo monitoring is an advanced imaging technique used in IVF to continuously observe embryo development. It captures high-resolution images at regular intervals, allowing embryologists to select the most viable embryos for transfer based on detailed growth patterns. This technology enhances embryo selection, potentially increasing pregnancy success rates.
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Challenges associated with ageing from a public health perspective
Cervical Disc Arthroplasty ORSI 2024.pptx
Indication and installation of a mobile cervical disc prosthesis. Benefits of the PRODISC C VIVO mobile disc prosthesis (Centinel Spine)
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Do you have abnormal smell after periods? It may be vaginitis. Do not worry, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can help you get a cure.
Recently uploaded (20)
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Osteoporosis - Definition , Evaluation and Management .pdf
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
10 Benefits an EPCR Software should Bring to EMS Organizations
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
How to Control Your Asthma Tips by gokuldas hospital.
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Promoting Wellbeing - Applied Social Psychology - Psychology SuperNotes
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
Medical Quiz ( Online Quiz for API Meet 2024 ).pdf
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
June 2024 Oncology Cartoons By Dr Kanhu Charan Patro
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
Pharmacology of 5-hydroxytryptamine and Antagonist
NAVIGATING THE HORIZONS OF TIME LAPSE EMBRYO MONITORING.pdf
NAVIGATING THE HORIZONS OF TIME LAPSE EMBRYO MONITORING.pdf
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
Ageing, the Elderly, Gerontology and Public Health
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
The Nervous and Chemical Regulation of Respiration
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Post-Menstrual Smell- When to Suspect Vaginitis.pptx
Referendum 2009 - Unicef NZ
- 1. What’s it all about ? Section 59 of the Crimes Act - the new child discipline law