Recep Tayyip Erdogan was born in 1954 in Istanbul, Turkey. He became involved in politics as a student and joined an Islamist party. He later served as mayor of Istanbul in the 1990s, where he improved infrastructure and reduced pollution. However, he was imprisoned in 1999 for inciting religious hatred in a speech. After his imprisonment, Erdogan helped establish the Justice and Development Party and was elected prime minister in 2003, serving three terms and improving Turkey's economy but also becoming increasingly authoritarian and consolidating power. He was then elected president in 2014.

1. Table of Contents
Profile of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan: ....................................................................................... 2
Who Is Recep Tayyip Erdogan?.......................................................................................... 3
Childhood years and youth................................................................................................ 3
Political Beginnings...........................................................................................................4
Instanbul Mayor............................................................................................................... 5
Imprisonment ................................................................................................................... 5
Between 1999 and 2001 ...................................................................................................6
The birth of the AKP..........................................................................................................7
Presidency ....................................................................................................................... 8
Prime Minister ship:..........................................................................................................9
Expansion of power........................................................................................................ 10
Reelection to Second Term.............................................................................................. 11
Common characteristics of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan............................................................ 12
Top 10 Quotes RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN: ............................................................... 15

2. Profile ofRecepTayyip Erdoğan:

3. Who Is RecepTayyip Erdogan?
Born in Istanbul, Turkey, in 1954, Recep Tayyip Erdogan became involved in politics
while attending university. The first Islamist to be elected mayor of Istanbul, he
reduced pollution and improved the city's infrastructure, but was imprisoned on
charges of inciting religious hatred. Erdogan later served three terms as prime
minister, during which time he markedly improved Turkey's economic standing, but
drew criticism for perceived power grabs. He was voted the country's president in
2014, and after surviving an attempted military coup in July 2016, he earned
reelection two years later.
Childhoodyears and youth
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was born in Kasımpaşa, a poor neighborhood of Istanbul. His
family was originally from Rize,[a conservative town on the northeastern coast of the
Black Sea, and returned there when Erdoğan was still an infant, coming back to
Istanbul again when he was 13. He spent those years attending Istanbul İmam Hatip
school and selling lemonade and simit (sesame rings) on the city's streets to make
extra bills.
While studying business administration at what is today Marmara University's Faculty
of Economics and Administrative Sciences and playing semi-professional football,[3]
Erdoğan also engaged in politics by joining the National Turkish Student Union, an
anti-communist action group. In 1976, he became the head of a local youth branch of
the Islamist National Salvation Party (MSP), led by Necmettin Erbakan, who would
later go on to found the Felicity Party. This was the beginning of Erdoğan's long
career in politics.

4. In 2003, Erdoğan stated that he has Georgian ancestry, more specifically, his
ancestors were ethnic Laz. The grandfather was likewise called Recep, he lived in
Bagata, up to 1878, and his father, great-grandfather of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, in
turn, was a local imam for many years. Per journalistic investigation held by OdaTV
in 2009, his grandfather's nickname "Bakatalı" is claimed to be originating from the
village of Bagata, today in the Tskhinvali District of South Ossetia.[5] After the war
of 1877-78, when Batumi became part of the Russian Empire, this Recep emigrated to
the city of Rize, where he was known as “Bagatlı Recep”. He died during the First
World War, in 1916, while fighting against Russian forces advancing towards Rize.
However, in a 2014 NTV interview, he denied having ancestry from Georgia, stating
"They have said that I am Georgian...forgive me for saying this...even much uglier
things, they have even called me an Armenian, but I am Turkish." These comments
sparked controversy as they were perceived as racist.
Political Beginnings
Influenced by the teachings of National Salvation Party leader Necmettin Erbakan,
Erdogan was elected head of the party's Beyoglu Youth Branch and Istanbul
Youth Branch in 1976. The party was dissolved in the wake of a 1980 military coup,
and after Erdogan earned a graduate degree from Marmara University’s Faculty of
Economics and Administrative Sciences in 1981, he worked as an accountant and a
manager in the private sector.
Erdogan returned to politics with the formation of the Welfare Party in 1983,
becoming the Beyoglu District head in 1984. The following year, he was voted the
Istanbul Provincial head and named to the Central Executive Board. Tasked with
improving voter turnout, Erdogan was credited for the party's success in the 1989
municipal elections.

5. Instanbul Mayor
In the local elections of 27 March 1994, Erdoğan was elected Mayor of Istanbul, with
a plurality (25.19%) of the popular vote. He was pragmatic in office, tackling many
chronic problems in Istanbul including water shortage, pollution and traffic chaos.
The water shortage problem was solved with the laying of hundreds of kilometers of
new pipelines. The garbage problem was solved with the establishment of state-of-
the-art recycling facilities. While Erdoğan was in office, air pollution was reduced
through a plan developed to switch to natural gas. He changed the public buses to
environmentally friendly ones. The city's traffic and transportation jams were reduced
with more than fifty bridges, viaducts, and highways built. He took precautions to
prevent corruption, using measures to ensure that municipal funds were used
prudently. He paid back a major portion of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality's two
billion dollar debt and invested four billion dollars in the city.
Erdoğan initiated the first roundtable of mayors during the Istanbul conference, which
led to a global, organized movement of mayors. A seven-member international jury
from the United Nations unanimously awarded Erdoğan the UN-HABITAT award.[
Imprisonment
In 1998, the fundamentalist Welfare Party was declared unconstitutional on the
grounds of threatening the secularism of Turkey and was shut down by the Turkish
constitutional court. Erdoğan became a prominent speaker at demonstrations held by
his party colleagues.
In December 1997 in Siirt, Erdoğan recited a poem from a work written by Ziya
Gökalp, a pan-Turkish activist of the early 20th century.[49] His recitation included
verses translated as "The mosques are our barracks, the domes our helmets, the
minarets our bayonets and the faithful our soldiers... which are not in the original
version of the poem. Erdoğan said the poem had been approved by the education
ministry to be published in textbooks. Under article 312/2 of the Turkish penal
code his recitation was regarded as an incitement to violence and religious or racial
hatred.[51] He was given a ten-month prison sentence of which he served four
months, from 24 March 1999 to 27 July 1999. Due to his conviction, Erdoğan was
forced to give up his mayoral position. The conviction also stipulated a political ban,
which prevented him from participating in parliamentary elections.[52] He had
appealed for the sentence to be converted to a monetary fine, but it was reduced to
120 days instead.[53] In 2017, this period of Erdoğan's life was made into a film
titled Reis
.

6. Between 1999 and 2001
In the aftermath of the post-modern coup, Erdoğan came to believe that a new
political line, different from Erbakan's anti-Western demagoguery, was needed. This
was something he hinted at in the Siirt speech that netted him a prison term. As part of
that speech, Erdoğan also said: "The Western man has freedom of belief; in Europe,
there is respect for worship, for the headscarf. Why is there not in Turkey?"
This Western-oriented line would be the new vision of Erdoğan and the more open-
minded members of the Erbakan movement, such as Abdullah Gül. In their vision,
authoritarian secularism in Turkey should not be considered an extension of the West,
as religious conservatives had done for decades. The West should rather be seen as a
way to create a more liberal Turkey that would respect religious liberty as well.
Erdoğan had personal reasons to make that choice: He could thus send his veiled
daughters, Esra and Sümeyye, not to Turkish universities, where there is a headscarf
ban, but to American ones, where the coverings can be worn.
Erdoğan and his colleagues thus put European Union membership, and EU-promoted
political reforms, at the top of their agenda – at the expense of being accused of
"treason" by their old comrades who stayed loyal to Erbakan.

7. The birth of the AKP
In 2001, Erdoğan and Gül established the Justice and Development Party (AKP). The
party chose as its emblem a modern light bulb, and Erdoğan asserted that the AKP
was "not a political party with a religious axis", but rather one that could be defined as
a mainstream conservative party. Its message concentrated on political liberalization
and economic growth gave the party a sweeping victory in the general elections of
November 2002.
Even though his party won the elections, Erdoğan could not become prime minister
right away, as he was still banned from politics by the judiciary for his speech in Siirt,
and Gül thus became the prime minister instead. In December 2002 the Supreme
Election Board canceled the general election results from Siirt due to voting
irregularities and scheduled a new election for February 9, 2003. By this time, party
leader Erdoğan was able to run for Parliament thanks to a legal change made possible
by the opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) and its leader, Deniz Baykal. The
AKP listed Erdoğan as a candidate for the rescheduled Siirt election, and he won,
becoming prime minister after Gül subsequently handed over the post.

8. Presidency
Barred by AKP rules from seeking a fourth term as prime minister, Erdoğan instead
ran for the largely ceremonial role of president in 2014. In accordance with the
constitutional amendments of 2007, the 2014 election was the first time that the
president was elected directly, rather than by the parliament. Erdoğan won easily in
the first round of voting and was inaugurated on August 28, 2014. Immediately upon
taking office, Erdoğan began to call for a new constitution following parliamentary
elections in 2015; it was widely believed that he would seek to expand the powers of
the presidency. In June 2015 the AKP failed to win a parliamentary majority for the
first time since its formation, receiving just 41 percent of the vote. The result was
generally seen as a blow to Erdoğan’s plans for an expanded presidency, but the
reversal proved to be a brief one: in November 2015 the AKP easily won back its
parliamentary majority in a snap election triggered by the failure of negotiations to
form a governing coalition after the June election.
In summer of 2016 Erdoğan survived a violent coup attempt. On the night of July 15,
a small number of military personnel occupied streets in Ankara and Istanbul and
seized facilities, including television stations and bridges. The coup plotters accused
Erdoğan and the AKP of undermining democracy and damaging the rule of law in
Turkey. Erdoğan, who had been vacationing on the Aegean coast, rushed back to
Istanbul, using social media to mobilize his supporters. The coup plotters were soon
overpowered by loyal military units and civilians, and the government quickly
regained control. Nearly 300 people, mostly civilians, were killed in confrontations
during the coup. Over the weeks that followed, the government carried out a massive
purge, removing tens of thousands of soldiers, police officers, teachers, and civil
servants from their jobs and imprisoning others for their alleged sympathies with the
coup.
Erdoğan’s desire for the expansion of presidential powers came to fruition in April
2017. Sweeping changes to the constitution that would abolish the post of prime
minister and empower the president as the executive head of government were put to
a referendum and passed by a narrow majority. The changes were set to be
implemented after the next election cycle, initially planned for November 2019. Early
elections were called, however, and on June 24, 2018, Erdoğan won a majority of the
vote for the office of president. Upon being inaugurated on July 9, he assumed the
expanded presidential powers.

9. Prime Minister ship:
As prime minister, Erdoğan toured the United States and Europe in order to dispel any
fears that he held anti-Western biases and to advance Turkey’s bid to join the
European Union. Although the previous government had refused to allow U.S. troops
to be stationed in Turkey during the Iraq War, in October 2003 Erdoğan secured
approval for the dispatch of Turkish troops to help keep the peace in Iraq; Iraqi
opposition to the plan, however, prevented such a deployment. In 2004 he sought to
resolve the issue of Cyprus, which had been partitioned into Greek and Turkish
sectors since a 1974 civil war. Erdoğan supported a United Nations plan for the
reunification of the island; in April 2004, Turkish Cypriots approved the referendum,
but their Greek counterparts rejected it. Tensions between Turkey’s secularist parties
and Erdoğan’s AKP were highlighted in 2007, when attempts to elect an AKP
candidate with Islamist roots to the country’s presidency were blocked in parliament
by an opposition boycott. Erdoğan called for early parliamentary elections, and his
party won a decisive victory at the polls in July.
In early 2008 parliament passed an amendment that lifted a ban on the wearing of
head scarves—a sign of religion long contested in Turkey—on university campuses.
Opponents of the AKP renewed their charges that the party posed a threat to Turkish
secular order, and Erdoğan’s position appeared to come under increasing threat. In
March the constitutional court voted to hear a case that called for the dismantling of
the AKP and banning Erdoğan and dozens of other party members from political life
for five years. Erdoğan successfully maintained his position, however, when in July
2008 the court ruled narrowly against the party’s closure and sharply reduced its state
funding instead. In September 2010 a package of constitutional amendments
championed by Erdoğan was approved by a national referendum. The package
included measures to make the military more accountable to civilian courts and to
increase the legislature’s power to appoint judges.
While campaigning for parliamentary elections in early 2011, Erdoğan pledged to
replace Turkey’s constitution with a new one that would strengthen democratic
freedoms. In June 2011 Erdoğan secured a third term as prime minister when the AKP
won by a wide margin in parliamentary elections. However, the AKP fell short of the
two-thirds majority needed to unilaterally write a new constitution.
In the summer of 2013 Erdoğan faced an outpouring of public discontent after
Istanbul police violently broke up a small protest against the planned conversion of a
public park into a shopping complex. The incident triggered larger demonstrations
around the country decrying what protesters described as the growing
authoritarianism of Erdoğan and the AKP. Erdoğan responded defiantly, dismissing
the protesters as thugs and vandals.

10. Expansionof power
In September 2010 the AKP achieved a victory when a package of constitutional
amendments proposed by the party was approved in a national referendum. The
package included changes to make the military more accountable to civilian courts
and to increase the legislature’s power to appoint judges. Opponents of the
referendum accused the AKP of attempting to increase its power by reducing the
independence of the military and the judiciary.
Following the referendum, the AKP continued to seek constitutional changes. While
campaigning for parliamentary elections in early 2011, the party pledged to replace
Turkey’s existing constitution with a new one that would strengthen democratic
freedoms. In June 2011 the AKP dominated parliamentary elections, securing a
strong majority in the Grand National Assembly and a third term as prime minister
for Erdoğan. However, the AKP fell short of the two-thirds majority needed to
unilaterally write a new constitution.
In August 2014 Erdoğan stepped down as prime minister because AKP rules
prevented him from seeking another term in office. He was replaced by Ahmet
Davutoğlu, an AKP stalwart who had previously served as foreign minister. Erdoğan
remained in public life, running for and winning the largely ceremonial role of
president. It soon became apparent, however, that Erdoğan would push for
constitutional changes expanding the powers of the presidency. Opponents of
Erdoğan and the AKP objected to what they saw as the party’s increasingly
authoritarian tendencies, manifested in the government’s suppression of a liberal
protest movement in 2013 and its numerous prosecutions of critical journalists.
In June 2015 the AKP failed to win a parliamentary majority for the first time since its
formation, receiving just 41 percent of the vote in the general election. The result
was widely seen as a rebuke to Erdoğan’s ambitions for an enhanced presidency, but
for the AKP the setback proved to be short-lived: the party won back its
parliamentary majority in a snap election in November 2015, which was triggered
when negotiations to form a governing coalition failed following the June election.
A referendum was held in April 2017 for proposed constitutional changes to expand
the role of the president and abolish the post of prime minister. The referendum
succeeded by a narrow majority, and the changes were set to take place after the
next elections, originally due in November 2019. Early elections were held in June
2018, however. The AKP entered into an alliance with the Nationalist Movement
Party (MHP), and, while the AKP itself received less than half the vote, the alliance
won the majority. In the presidential election, Erdoğan was reelected, this time with
more than 52 percent of the vote. The changes to the constitution were
implemented with the inauguration of the new government in July.

11. Reelectionto SecondTerm
After Erdogan called for early elections in 2018, opposition parties put up a spirited
fight in an attempt to halt his consolidation of power. However, the incumbent earned
a reported 53 percent of the vote in the June 24 election, enough to avoid a runoff
with the runner-up, Muharrem Ince. And while his AKP earned less than 50 percent
of the parliamentary vote, its alliance with the Nationalist Movement Party ensured a
majority coalition there, as well.
That night, with the results still being processed but pointing toward victory, Erdogan
delivered a short speech outside one of his Istanbul residences. "It seems the nation
has entrusted me with the duty of the presidency, and to us a very big responsibility in
the legislature," he said. "Turkey has given a lesson of democracy with a turnout of
close to 90 percent. I hope that some will not provoke to hide their own failure."
Among the first steps Erdogan took in his second term was the formation of a
response to U.S. President Donald Trump's tariffs on Turkish steel and aluminum
imports. In August, Turkey announced its own tariffs on a string of U.S. goods that
included cars and alcohol, while Erdogan delivered a speech in which he called for a
boycott of American electronic products.

12. Commoncharacteristics of RecepTayyipErdoğan
A charismatic leader :
Along with all of this work, the concept and purpose of leadership, which features a
kind of authority and leadership which the charisma of a leader in determining what
kind of other people different features adds, Turkish society, and identify the reasons
people are perceived as charismatic leader Recep Tayyip Erdogan .
A democratic leader:
For this purpose, the leadership, work, political leadership, authority, charisma to
explain the general terms and concepts, and then in 2011 Recep Tayyip Erdogan, a
sample of a democratic leader of Turkey.

13. A humanist leader :
Charismatic Authority: One person is believed to have extraordinary
features and layout created by the people of this person literally connecting to arise as
a result.
The important point here that charisma is not a leader with exceptional features, such
a belief that society has. This legitimacy of the charismatic leader is believed to be
carrying a large proportion of the type of authority is features.
A political leader:
Took very important steps in international politics. Developed positive relationships
with world leaders, which showed that he was an important leader. Stance exhibited
by the agenda of important events, changed the course of events. Recep
TayyipErdogan's foreign policy with the understanding of successful leaders of the
world are one of the most popular

14. An emotional leader :
Recep Tayyip Erdogan has continued to gain appreciation of the people with
humanistic approaches. Along the hot act in the public, to distribute gifts to
children, and close attention has to show her more sympathetic. Close attention
from the people, to produce solutions to the problems even more glorified in the eye
of his people.
A leading cultural ambassador:
Recep Tayyip Erdogan served as a bridge between cultures. Akdamar Church in Van,
as in the case of inter-religious understanding has strengthened. Recep Tayyip
Erdogan went to Somalia with a large delegation. He organized a large campaign to
help Somalia, calling out to the world. Steps taken by national and international arena
in recent times has managed to become the most popular leader.

15. Top 10 Quotes RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN:
 “Islam is a religion. It is not an ideology. For a Muslim, there is
no such thing as to be against modernity. Why should a
Muslim not be a modern person? I, as a Muslim, fulfill all the
requirements of my religion, and I live in a democratic, social
state”
 “If you're the leader, you have to communicate the messageof
immortality to your people. BecauseIbelieve if a leader hides
behind a rock, then the people will hide behind a mountain.”
 “If we believe in a democratic system, we have to acceptthe
will of the people.”
 “Islamophobia emergedfrom the Westerncountries, and this is
a challenge that we all togetherneed to surmount.”
 “As a politician who cherishes religious conviction in his
personal sphere, but regards politics as a domain belonging
outside religion, I believe that this view is seriouslyflawed.”
 “Family planning, birth control, no Muslim family can practice
such an understanding.”
 “I cannot deceive my people.”
 “I am a personwho is inclined to define relations between
individuals basedon principles.”
 “A political party cannot have a religion. Only individuals can.
Otherwise, you'd be exploiting religion, and religion is so
supreme that it cannot be exploited or taken advantage of.”