forest

1. Ralph Alfred C. Trumata
BS F – II
Reaction Paper on Climate Change
1. Climate Change and Floods
a. Effects –The Philippines is located in the western Pacific Ocean, surrounded by naturally warm
waters that will likely get even warmer as average sea-surface temperatures continue to rise. As
the ocean’s surface temperature increases over time from the effects of climate change, more
and more heat is released into the atmosphere. This additional heat in the ocean and air can lead
to stronger and more frequent storms which is exactly what we’ve seen in the Philippines over
the last decade. The effect of prolonged heavy rainfall in a certain area as discussed in the video
was devasting.
b. Mitigation – Flooding has been a major problem in our country and one of the government’s
solution to this dilemma is by giving substantial fund allocation to flood control projects under
the Department of Public Works and Highways called “Flood Management Program”, the second
is by adapting foreign theory such as “Circular Economy”, its method consists of lessening the
carbon footprint, giving importance to natural resources and recycling.
c. Adaptation – Homeowners in the country’s precarious middle class, who don’t necessarily have
the funds to relocate, are left largely on their own to cope and find ways to protect their
possessions. Residents have learned to add features to their homes such as flood dikes, elevated
floors, mostly 2 storey residential houses can be found near bodies of water. Filipinos are naturally
jolly but also resilient and steadfast, to cope with the feeling of helplessness we tend to make fun
of things that hurts to lighten the burdens that we carry.
2. Climate Change and Earthquake
a. Effects – The Philippines lies on the meeting point of two tectonic plates: the Philippine Sea
Plate and the Eurasian Plate. The movement of these plates causes frequent seismic and volcanic
activity. Several active faults run across Luzon and Visayas, including the Philippines and Manila
Trenches offshore. Major quakes occur every decade on average. In addition to climate-related
impacts of water on seismicity, human management and applications of water can also affect
earthquakes through a phenomenon known as induced seismicity. For example, water stored in
large dams has been linked to earthquake activity in various locations around the world, though
the impact is localized in nature.
b. Mitigation – While faults cannot be controlled, vulnerability can be reduced through awareness
and preparedness. Government agencies, LGUs, and communities need collaborative action to
boost quake-readiness.

2. by conducting extensive earthquake drills, the retrofitting of infrastructure in the area, stricter
building code compliance, the development of risk maps per area, alarms and early warning
systems, and the proper response training for search and rescue. Staying vigilant and proactive is
the Filipinos' best armor for when the Big One strikes. Through readiness and resilience, future
earthquakes do not need to become future disasters.
c. Adaptation – According to the Earthquake Country Alliance (ECA), rescuers recommend the
drop, cover, and hold on procedure since it gives a person “the best overall chance of quickly
protecting yourself in an earthquake. Filipinos cope by having their homes quake proof enough
for them to survive, done this by Strapping or bolting heavy furniture or cabinets to walls,
checking the stability of hanging objects like ceiling fans and chandeliers, properly storing
breakable items, harmful chemicals, and flammable materials on the lowermost shelves.
3. Climate Change and Tsunami
a. Effects – Tsunamis is defined as a series of giant sea waves commonly generated by under the
sea earthquakes and whose heights could be greater than 5 meters, it can occur when the
earthquake is shallow seated and strong enough to displace parts of the seabed and disturb the
mass of water over it. A warming climate can increase the risk of both submarine (underwater)
and aerial (above ground) landslides, thereby increasing the risk of local tsunamis.
b. Mitigation – Not all Filipinos are aware of what tsunamis are, the government implemented a
series of information dissemination through conducting LGU seminars and imparting to them
what to do during and after tsunamis and the escape routes measure in place if ever there is a
tsunami in their respective areas, and also easy access to information on the Phivolcs website.
We have a monitoring system of volcanic activities set in place. The Philippines is a member of
the following international organization that helps us in monitoring and detecting tsunamis, the
first one is the Science and Technology Research Partnership for Sustainable Development
(Satreps) a Japanese program that promotes international joint research targeting global issues,
the second is Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) chartered with assisting economic
and social growth in developing countries and promoting international cooperation. We also
adopted a system called Tsunami early warning system (TEWS). The Satreps, JICA and TEWS are
the three major factors in the Philippine Tsunami network and this network is focused on
maintaining an effective tsunami monitoring and communication system and release tsunami
information based on Standard Operating Procedure (SOP).
c. Adaptation – people particularly who lives near the shoreline equipped themselves with
knowledge on what to do during disasters such as tsunamis. They stay clear of damaged or
flooded areas and downed power lines, they listen for further alerts and instructions about

3. Evacuation zones and shelters and lastly most of the Filipinos are addicted to using their phone
they can Use it for texts and social media to communicate with loved ones, as phone systems are
likely to be down or busy during and after.
4. Climate Change and Flora and Fauna (El Niño and La Niña)
a. Effects – Rainforests are critical ecosystems that support more than half of the world’s plant
and animal species, many of which are still undiscovered. They also play a crucial role in regulating
the planet’s climate by converting carbon dioxide into oxygen through photosynthesis. As our
planet continues to face the consequences of human-induced climate change, it is crucial to
understand its impact on Earth’s vital ecosystems. The delicate balance of these ecosystems is
being significantly disrupted, leading to severe consequences such as species extinction, loss of
biodiversity, and disruptions in natural processes.
b. Mitigation – In order to mitigate the effects of climate change on our ecosystem the
government aims to reduce or lessen our carbon footprint, preserve our natural habitat by
protecting our forests, the implementation of agricultural practices that the president himself is
very vocal about, supporting renewable energy that is practiced in different parts of our country
and investing in ecosystem restoration which the government employees are doing their tree
planting activities in remote areas.
c. Adaptation – the Filipinos are passionate, when they are fighting to protect for something really
important to them they will do everything in their power to do so. Illegal logging is one of the
main problems of our forest thus people belonging to organization that protects the forest found
ways on how to monitor them and prevent them in cutting trees, putting a ban on animal hunting
and to develop protected areas for animals where no human activities are allowed.