This document contains an exam for an Instrumentation course with 8 questions. Question 1 defines key terms related to instrumentation accuracy and errors. Question 2 describes the principle and applications of the Bourdon tube and ionization gauge. Question 3 derives an expression for potentiometric transducers and calculates the maximum nonlinearity error and optimal potentiometer value. Question 4 discusses materials used in strain gauges and the relationship between gauge factor and Poisson's ratio. Question 5 explains the magnetostrictive effect and operation of a magnetostrictive transducer and photo pulse pickup transducer. Question 6 describes the principles of dual slope integrating analog to digital conversion. Question 7 explains dual slope ramp digital voltmeters and laser Doppler anemometry. Question 8
Efficient Finite Element Computation of Circulating Currents in Thin Parallel...Antti Lehikoinen
My poster for the International Conference on the Computation of Electromagnetic Fields (Compumag 2015).
I developed a non-conforming meshing approach for stranded conductors, resulting in a significant reduction on the degrees-of-freedom and computation times in loss calculation.
Modeling and Characterization of Single and Multichannel CNTFETMuntasir Mahdi
Electronic devices are getting smaller day by day. And so designers are working on the MOSFETs to develop smaller MOSFETs with better performance. Carbon Nanotube
Field Effect Transistor is a very good replacement for MOSFETs
and has a better response than conventional MOSFET. In this
study, we developed a CNTFET model using MATLAB and
Simulink by using an empirical model equation. The model is
very useful for circuit designers because this model can be used
as a circuit component. We described the model development
process, comparisons between our Simulink model and an ideal
CNTFET I-V curves in terms of Channel length and CNT
diameter
Quantum mechanics explains the behavior of matter and its movement with energy in the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. In quantum circuits there are many gates such as Hadamard Gate, Pauli Gates, many more gates for half turns, quarter turns, eighth turns, sixteenth turns and so on, rest for spinning, parametrized etc. Linear operators in general and quantum mechanics can be represented in the form of vectors and in turn can be viewed as matrices format because linear operators are totally equivalent with the matrices view point. This paper discloses creation of various quantum matrices using Quantum bits. Square, Identity and Transposition of matrices are performed considering whole process in entanglement. Angle, phase, coordinates, magnitude, complex numbers and amplitude has been noted and documented in this paper for further research.
For more information please visit http://crimsonpublishers.com/cojec/pdf/COJEC.000506.pdf
Efficient Finite Element Computation of Circulating Currents in Thin Parallel...Antti Lehikoinen
My poster for the International Conference on the Computation of Electromagnetic Fields (Compumag 2015).
I developed a non-conforming meshing approach for stranded conductors, resulting in a significant reduction on the degrees-of-freedom and computation times in loss calculation.
Modeling and Characterization of Single and Multichannel CNTFETMuntasir Mahdi
Electronic devices are getting smaller day by day. And so designers are working on the MOSFETs to develop smaller MOSFETs with better performance. Carbon Nanotube
Field Effect Transistor is a very good replacement for MOSFETs
and has a better response than conventional MOSFET. In this
study, we developed a CNTFET model using MATLAB and
Simulink by using an empirical model equation. The model is
very useful for circuit designers because this model can be used
as a circuit component. We described the model development
process, comparisons between our Simulink model and an ideal
CNTFET I-V curves in terms of Channel length and CNT
diameter
Quantum mechanics explains the behavior of matter and its movement with energy in the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. In quantum circuits there are many gates such as Hadamard Gate, Pauli Gates, many more gates for half turns, quarter turns, eighth turns, sixteenth turns and so on, rest for spinning, parametrized etc. Linear operators in general and quantum mechanics can be represented in the form of vectors and in turn can be viewed as matrices format because linear operators are totally equivalent with the matrices view point. This paper discloses creation of various quantum matrices using Quantum bits. Square, Identity and Transposition of matrices are performed considering whole process in entanglement. Angle, phase, coordinates, magnitude, complex numbers and amplitude has been noted and documented in this paper for further research.
For more information please visit http://crimsonpublishers.com/cojec/pdf/COJEC.000506.pdf
Lightning Characteristics and Impulse Voltage.Milton Sarker
Lightning characteristics and standard impulse
waveform are related to each other. But the lack
of realization about the relation between them
would make the solution to produce better
protection against lightning surge becomes
harder. Natural lightning surge waveform has
been compared to standard impulse waveform as
evidence that there have similarity between
them. The standard impulse waveform could be
used to test the strength of electrical equipment
against the lightning. Therefore designing and
simulating the impulse generator are the purpose
of this project beside to get better understanding
about lightning characteristics. This project aims
to develop an impulse generator circuit. The
main objectives of this work are two folds: the
first is the characterization of impulse voltages
and the second is the designing of an impulse
voltage generator. Our working purpose is to
give a concept about Impulse voltages and
impulse generator to the students and
researchers.
1. JNTUW
ORLD
Code No: D6403
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
M.Tech II - Semester Examinations, March/April 2011
INSTRUMENTATION
(POWER ENGINEERING AND ENERGY SYSTEMS)
Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 60
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1. a) Define the terms:
i) Accuracy ii) Precision iii) Sensitivity
iv) Resolution v) Lag vi) Repeatability vii) Reproducibility
viii) Limiting error, giving examples and bringing out the differences between them.
b) A voltmeter having a sensitivity of 15 /k vΩ reads 100V in its 300V scale when
connected across an un known resistor when the current through the resistor is 2.0 mA.
Calculate the percentage error due to loading effect. [12]
2. a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of Bourdon Tube. What are
its applications?
b) Draw the sketch and explain the principle and working of Ionisation gauge. [12]
3. a) Derive the expression for
eo
e
ex
in the case of potentiometer transducers. What is the
maximum % error that can occur due to non-linearity in these transducers? Deduce the
relatives.
b) A potentiometric transducer is being used in conjunction with a recorder of 15kΩ input
resistance. Non- Linearity is to be controlled to within 1.2% Potentiometers of 10W rating
with values form 100Ω to 10kΩ are available in steps of 100Ω . Determine the
value of potentiometer which gives the greatest sensitivity. [12]
4. a) Explain about the materials used for filament wires, base carrier materials, strain gauges
cements used in the construction of strain gauges.
b) Describe the relation ship between gauge factor and Piossson’sgation of a strain gauge
material. [12]
5. a) What is magneto strictive effect? Describe the principle and operation of magneto strictive
transducer.
b) Draw the circuit schematic and explain the principle of operation of photo pulses pick up
transducer. [12]
6. a) With the help of necessary graphs, explain the principle and working of Dual Slope
Integrating type ADC.
b) Draw the schematic and explain the principle of weighted Resistor Network type DAC. [12]
7. a) Draw the graphs and explain the principle and working of Dual Slope ramp type DVM.
b) What is the principle of Laser Doppler Anemometer? Explain its working. [12]
8. Write notes on any Two
a) Computer Aided Measurements b) IEEE 488 Electrical Interface
c) Smart Transmitters [12]
********
R09
www.jntuworld.com
www.jntuworld.com
![JNTUW
ORLD
Code No: D6403
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY HYDERABAD
M.Tech II - Semester Examinations, March/April 2011
INSTRUMENTATION
(POWER ENGINEERING AND ENERGY SYSTEMS)
Time: 3hours Max. Marks: 60
Answer any five questions
All questions carry equal marks
- - -
1. a) Define the terms:
i) Accuracy ii) Precision iii) Sensitivity
iv) Resolution v) Lag vi) Repeatability vii) Reproducibility
viii) Limiting error, giving examples and bringing out the differences between them.
b) A voltmeter having a sensitivity of 15 /k vΩ reads 100V in its 300V scale when
connected across an un known resistor when the current through the resistor is 2.0 mA.
Calculate the percentage error due to loading effect. [12]
2. a) With the help of a neat sketch explain the principle and working of Bourdon Tube. What are
its applications?
b) Draw the sketch and explain the principle and working of Ionisation gauge. [12]
3. a) Derive the expression for
eo
e
ex
in the case of potentiometer transducers. What is the
maximum % error that can occur due to non-linearity in these transducers? Deduce the
relatives.
b) A potentiometric transducer is being used in conjunction with a recorder of 15kΩ input
resistance. Non- Linearity is to be controlled to within 1.2% Potentiometers of 10W rating
with values form 100Ω to 10kΩ are available in steps of 100Ω . Determine the
value of potentiometer which gives the greatest sensitivity. [12]
4. a) Explain about the materials used for filament wires, base carrier materials, strain gauges
cements used in the construction of strain gauges.
b) Describe the relation ship between gauge factor and Piossson’sgation of a strain gauge
material. [12]
5. a) What is magneto strictive effect? Describe the principle and operation of magneto strictive
transducer.
b) Draw the circuit schematic and explain the principle of operation of photo pulses pick up
transducer. [12]
6. a) With the help of necessary graphs, explain the principle and working of Dual Slope
Integrating type ADC.
b) Draw the schematic and explain the principle of weighted Resistor Network type DAC. [12]
7. a) Draw the graphs and explain the principle and working of Dual Slope ramp type DVM.
b) What is the principle of Laser Doppler Anemometer? Explain its working. [12]
8. Write notes on any Two
a) Computer Aided Measurements b) IEEE 488 Electrical Interface
c) Smart Transmitters [12]
********
R09
www.jntuworld.com
www.jntuworld.com](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/r09-instrumentation-150403032749-conversion-gate01/85/R09-instrumentation-1-320.jpg)
