Applying a Quality Framework to the In-depth Intrerview MethodRoller Research
A brief overview of the in-depth interview method followed by key considerations when applying the Total Quality Framework that allows researchers to maximize quality outcomes & the usefulness of an IDI study.
This ppt discusses about
What is Community based participatory research?
Principles of Community based participatory research
Advantages of Community based participatory research
What is Focus Group Discussion?
Why Focus Group Discussion?
Steps in Focus Group Discussion
Advantages and limitations of Focus Group Discussion
Conclusion
Ph.D. Research Proposal The thesis is focused on researching and constructing an internationally-relevant Learning and Development (L&D) scorecard and conceptual framework, which will enable the transformation of L&D practices into a strategic business partner.
To segment effectively, you need to understand what drives the segments, not just how to measure them. That's where qualitative insight comes in.
Please credit the author if you use the material. Some images are subject to copyright.
Applying a Quality Framework to the In-depth Intrerview MethodRoller Research
A brief overview of the in-depth interview method followed by key considerations when applying the Total Quality Framework that allows researchers to maximize quality outcomes & the usefulness of an IDI study.
This ppt discusses about
What is Community based participatory research?
Principles of Community based participatory research
Advantages of Community based participatory research
What is Focus Group Discussion?
Why Focus Group Discussion?
Steps in Focus Group Discussion
Advantages and limitations of Focus Group Discussion
Conclusion
Ph.D. Research Proposal The thesis is focused on researching and constructing an internationally-relevant Learning and Development (L&D) scorecard and conceptual framework, which will enable the transformation of L&D practices into a strategic business partner.
To segment effectively, you need to understand what drives the segments, not just how to measure them. That's where qualitative insight comes in.
Please credit the author if you use the material. Some images are subject to copyright.
How to do qualitative analysis: In theory and practice Heather Ford
These slides are from a recent workshop for Honours students and researchers at UTS's School of Communication. Not pictured are the examples from my own research that I used to illustrate concepts. Hopefully I will be able to make a prettier version soon.
How to design surveys; describes differences between approaches to measuring awareness, opinions, perceptions, behaviors, needs and attitudes; describes roles of survey sponsor and researcher.
Bridging The Research-Practice Gap Through Evidence-Based Management And Systematic Review.
David Denyer and Rob Briner
Academy of Management Annual Meeting 2014, Philadelphia
Doing Qualitative Interview (updated jan 2011) Hora Tjitra
Introduction lecture to qualitative data collection. Doing interviewing, what are important, what to pay attention to, what different types of interviewing, critical discussion on doing qualitative interviewing.
Advance Care Plans for children and young people with life-threatening and li...NIHR CLAHRC West Midlands
Advance Care Plans for children and young people with life-threatening and life-limiting conditions: Developing an evidence based strategy for improvement - Dr Karen Shaw (Theme 1 – Maternity & Child Health) - Programme Steering Committee meeting on 12th March 2015
If it is agreed that qualitative research can, in fact, serve worthwhile (‘good’) purposes, then logically it would serve those purposes only to the degree that it is done well. The Total Quality Framework brings greater rigor to qualitative research without stifling or squelching the creative approaches . Our book – Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach – offers examples and ways to think critically about design and implementation across all key qualitative research methods as well as other applications such as proposals and literature reviews.
How to do qualitative analysis: In theory and practice Heather Ford
These slides are from a recent workshop for Honours students and researchers at UTS's School of Communication. Not pictured are the examples from my own research that I used to illustrate concepts. Hopefully I will be able to make a prettier version soon.
How to design surveys; describes differences between approaches to measuring awareness, opinions, perceptions, behaviors, needs and attitudes; describes roles of survey sponsor and researcher.
Bridging The Research-Practice Gap Through Evidence-Based Management And Systematic Review.
David Denyer and Rob Briner
Academy of Management Annual Meeting 2014, Philadelphia
Doing Qualitative Interview (updated jan 2011) Hora Tjitra
Introduction lecture to qualitative data collection. Doing interviewing, what are important, what to pay attention to, what different types of interviewing, critical discussion on doing qualitative interviewing.
Advance Care Plans for children and young people with life-threatening and li...NIHR CLAHRC West Midlands
Advance Care Plans for children and young people with life-threatening and life-limiting conditions: Developing an evidence based strategy for improvement - Dr Karen Shaw (Theme 1 – Maternity & Child Health) - Programme Steering Committee meeting on 12th March 2015
If it is agreed that qualitative research can, in fact, serve worthwhile (‘good’) purposes, then logically it would serve those purposes only to the degree that it is done well. The Total Quality Framework brings greater rigor to qualitative research without stifling or squelching the creative approaches . Our book – Applied Qualitative Research Design: A Total Quality Framework Approach – offers examples and ways to think critically about design and implementation across all key qualitative research methods as well as other applications such as proposals and literature reviews.
Stepby-step guide to critiquingresearch. Part 1 quantitati.docxsusanschei
Step'by-step guide to critiquing
research. Part 1: quantitative research
Michaei Coughian, Patricia Cronin, Frances Ryan
Abstract
When caring for patients it is essential that nurses are using the
current best practice. To determine what this is, nurses must be able
to read research critically. But for many qualified and student nurses
the terminology used in research can be difficult to understand
thus making critical reading even more daunting. It is imperative
in nursing that care has its foundations in sound research and it is
essential that all nurses have the ability to critically appraise research
to identify what is best practice. This article is a step-by step-approach
to critiquing quantitative research to help nurses demystify the
process and decode the terminology.
Key words: Quantitative research
methodologies
Review process • Research
]or many qualified nurses and nursing students
research is research, and it is often quite difficult
to grasp what others are referring to when they
discuss the limitations and or strengths within
a research study. Research texts and journals refer to
critiquing the literature, critical analysis, reviewing the
literature, evaluation and appraisal of the literature which
are in essence the same thing (Bassett and Bassett, 2003).
Terminology in research can be confusing for the novice
research reader where a term like 'random' refers to an
organized manner of selecting items or participants, and the
word 'significance' is applied to a degree of chance. Thus
the aim of this article is to take a step-by-step approach to
critiquing research in an attempt to help nurses demystify
the process and decode the terminology.
When caring for patients it is essential that nurses are
using the current best practice. To determine what this is
nurses must be able to read research. The adage 'All that
glitters is not gold' is also true in research. Not all research
is of the same quality or of a high standard and therefore
nurses should not simply take research at face value simply
because it has been published (Cullum and Droogan, 1999;
Rolit and Beck, 2006). Critiquing is a systematic method of
Michael Coughlan, Patricia Cronin and Frances Ryan are Lecturers,
School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Dubhn, Trinity
College, Dublin
Accepted for publication: March 2007
appraising the strengths and limitations of a piece of research
in order to determine its credibility and/or its applicability
to practice (Valente, 2003). Seeking only limitations in a
study is criticism and critiquing and criticism are not the
same (Burns and Grove, 1997). A critique is an impersonal
evaluation of the strengths and limitations of the research
being reviewed and should not be seen as a disparagement
of the researchers ability. Neither should it be regarded as
a jousting match between the researcher and the reviewer.
Burns and Grove (1999) call this an 'intellectual critique'
in that it is not the creator but the creati.
Qualitative Research: What is the Total Quality Framework?Roller Research
A brief discussion of the Total Quality Framework, a paradigm-neutral, flexible approach utilizing quality principles to develop qualitative research designs that are credible, analyzable, transparent, and useful
Presentation for the HEA-funded workshop ‘Teaching Research Methods in Business and Management’.
Drawing on a mixture of practice and evidence, this one-day event provided an opportunity for those interested in the teaching of research methods in Business and Management – including qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods – to share experiences, insights, and good practice, and to discuss challenges and explore potential solutions.
This presentation forms part of a blog post reporting on the event which can be accessed via: http://bit.ly/1fcTwna
For further details of HEA Social Sciences work relating to teaching research methods in the Social Sciences please see http://bit.ly/15go0mh
PSY 326 Research Methods Week 3 GuidanceWelcome to Week 3 of Res.docxwoodruffeloisa
PSY 326 Research Methods Week 3 Guidance
Welcome to Week 3 of Research Methods! This week, you will learn about a few of the most popular qualitative research designs. Required resources are sections 3.1, 3.2, and the parts of section 3.4 about “Pros and Cons of Observational Research” and “Types of Observational Research” in the Newman (2016) textbook, an ebook chapter by Levitt (2016), and two videos about qualitative research. The videos are linked in the Course Materials and the discussion prompt.
Assignments for the week include a discussion, an interactive learning activity and quiz, and a written assignment. To see how your assignments will be graded, look at the rubrics accessible through a link on the screen for each discussion or assignment.
The Week 3 discussion is Pros and Cons of Qualitative Research. Your initial post is due by Day 3, and all replies are due by Day 7. To prepare for the discussion, read the sections of the Newman (2016) textbook listed above, the Levitt (2016) book chapter, and the lecture portion of this instructor guidance. Also, view the videos Different Qualitative Approaches (Kawulich, 2013) and When to Use a Qualitative Research Design: Four Things to Consider (Zhang, 2017), which are linked in the Course Materials and the discussion prompt.
This week’s discussion assignment is a jigsaw puzzle. Instead of having the entire class read and report on four different qualitative research designs, each person will research and report on one specific design. Designs are assigned based on the first letter of your last name. When you determine your assigned design, use the Research Methods research guide and the databases in the Ashford University Library to find at least one scholarly/peer-reviewed article about the research design AND at least one published research study that used the design. Then, explain the characteristics and features of the research design and what kinds of topics it can be used for, describe the data collection and data analysis methods used in the design, and discuss the published study you found. Document your sources in APA style.
At least three replies to the initial posts of classmates will be required for this discussion, because you must read and respond to at least one post about each of the other three qualitative research designs. As the expert on your assigned design, you will also be expected to respond to some of the questions posted on your thread by others. See the discussion prompt for complete details.
After you have learned about qualitative research from the assigned readings and participating in the discussion, you will be ready to do the interactive activity and take the quiz called Qualitative Research Fundamentals, due by Day 6. In the first part of the learning activity, match terms related to qualitative research with their definitions. In the scenarios presented in the second part of the activity, you must select the most appropriate qualitative research design fo ...
Christina Silver - Benefits of CAQDAS for reflexivity.pdfChristina Silver
I this webinar hosted by the CAQDAS Networking Project I discuss the benefits of CAQDAS packages for reflection and reflexivity in qualitative analysis
There are many benefits for using dedicated CAQDAS-packages to facilitate qualitative analysis, but this webinar focuses on what for me, is the central benefit: the ability to capture reflections and engage in reflexivity not only in-the-moment, but integrated with the data that prompted the analytic thoughts and in a way that enables them to be built upon and incorporated into the analysis reliably and transparently.
First I outline my conceptualisation of the difference between reflection and reflexivity, and why this is an important distinction to make. Then I illustrate, using the current iteration of the Analytic Activities framework, first published in Lewins & Silver 2007, how reflection (incorporating reflexivity) is central to both qualitative analytic method and the creative and rigorous use of CAQDAS tools.
Then, I outline the CAQDAS tools that can be used to capture for these purposes, focusing on writing and mapping spaces. This includes discussion about both what is reflected upon, and how they can be captured in terms of the integration of tools. This leads to a discussion about quality in qualitative analysis and the contribution of the use of CAQDAS tools in this space.
Participants are encouraged to engage creatively in this webinar, bringing not only questions but also to share their needs and experiences for reflection and reflexivity in the context of their use of their chosen CAQDAS package.
A best practices approach to cognitive interviewingRoller Research
The Total Quality Framework (TQF) offers a conceptual foundation from which qualitative researchers are able to think about the quality of their cognitive interviewing designs. The TQF is rooted in the belief that cognitive interviewing and all qualitative research methods must be: credible, analyzable, transparent, and useful.
Technological Alternatives to Qualitative Data CollectionRoller Research
This presentation takes a look at five tech solutions to qualitative research data collection and evaluates data quality associated with each solution based on the Credibility component of the Total Quality Framework.
A presentation about the added value of combining qualitative and quantitative methods. It begins with a brief discussion of qualitative research and how it is distinct from yet shares basic principles with quantitative research, followed by a discussion of four important ways mixed methods -- integrating qualitative and quantitative -- adds value to our research efforts, and then a discussion of mixed methods research -- what it is, typologies, alternatives to typologies, and the use of diagrams.
This is the schematic for the Total Quality Framework (TQF). The TQF offers researchers a best practices approach to the design, implementation, and reporting of qualitative research studies. The TQF is not prescriptive but rather a flexible guide for incorporating quality measures into qualitative research.
Applying a Quality Framework to the Focus Group MethodRoller Research
A brief overview of the focus group method followed by key considerations when applying the Total Quality Framework that allows researchers to maximize quality outcomes & mitigate error.
Things that impact the results of focus groupsRoller Research
Rotating a list or stimuli is a necessary and common technique in survey research. In this short presentation, it is argued that rotation is not appropriate in qualitative research and actually introduces bias that impedes the analytical process.
Levelwise PageRank with Loop-Based Dead End Handling Strategy : SHORT REPORT ...Subhajit Sahu
Abstract — Levelwise PageRank is an alternative method of PageRank computation which decomposes the input graph into a directed acyclic block-graph of strongly connected components, and processes them in topological order, one level at a time. This enables calculation for ranks in a distributed fashion without per-iteration communication, unlike the standard method where all vertices are processed in each iteration. It however comes with a precondition of the absence of dead ends in the input graph. Here, the native non-distributed performance of Levelwise PageRank was compared against Monolithic PageRank on a CPU as well as a GPU. To ensure a fair comparison, Monolithic PageRank was also performed on a graph where vertices were split by components. Results indicate that Levelwise PageRank is about as fast as Monolithic PageRank on the CPU, but quite a bit slower on the GPU. Slowdown on the GPU is likely caused by a large submission of small workloads, and expected to be non-issue when the computation is performed on massive graphs.
Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation - Final Version - 5.23...John Andrews
SlideShare Description for "Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation"
Title: Chatty Kathy: Enhancing Physical Activity Among Older Adults
Description:
Discover how Chatty Kathy, an innovative project developed at the UNC Bootcamp, aims to tackle the challenge of low physical activity among older adults. Our AI-driven solution uses peer interaction to boost and sustain exercise levels, significantly improving health outcomes. This presentation covers our problem statement, the rationale behind Chatty Kathy, synthetic data and persona creation, model performance metrics, a visual demonstration of the project, and potential future developments. Join us for an insightful Q&A session to explore the potential of this groundbreaking project.
Project Team: Jay Requarth, Jana Avery, John Andrews, Dr. Dick Davis II, Nee Buntoum, Nam Yeongjin & Mat Nicholas
A Best Practices Approach to Guide (Not Stifle) Qualitative Inquiry
1. A Best Practices Approach
to Guide (Not Stifle)
Qualitative Inquiry
Margaret R. Roller
Paul J. Lavrakas
British Psychological Society QMiP Conference ● 3 September 2015 ● Cambridge
2. Steady rise in scholarly publications of qualitative.
Increasing demand for mixed-method designs.
Doctoral students are increasingly utilizing
qualitative research designs.
“Qualitative Movement” in Psychology
Roller & Lavrakas 1
* Gergen, Josselson, & Freeman, 2015.
*
6. How to weave together the
essence of qualitative research
& its rich contextual data with
quality steps to maximize the
usefulness of our research.
Unique Attributes Bring Unique
Challenges
Roller & Lavrakas 5
7. “If it is agreed that qualitative research can, in fact,
serve worthwhile (‘good’) purposes, then logically it
would serve those purposes only to the degree that
it is done (‘executed’) well, regardless of the
specific objectives that qualitative researchers are
striving to address.”(Roller & Lavrakas, 2015)
Roller & Lavrakas 6
8. Strategies & criteria for thinking about quality in qualitative
research are not new.
Various validation & verification strategies exist (e.g.,
Brinkmann & Kvale, 2015; Creswell, 2013; Maxwell, 2013).
Guidelines for conducting & assessing rigorous qualitative
research across epistemological and ontological
perspectives (Morrow, 2005; Meyrick, 2006).
Lincoln & Guba (1985) criteria for judging the
“trustworthiness” of qualitative outcomes.
A post-hoc assessment – Are the outcomes worth paying
attention to?
Quality in Qualitative Research
Roller & Lavrakas 7
9. Goes beyond validation, verification, & post-hoc
assessments.
Develops critical thinking skills among researchers (&
users of the research) by showing how to give explicit
attention to quality issues related to conceptualization,
implementation, analysis, & reporting.
Total Quality Framework
“Brings greater rigor to qualitative research without
stifling or squelching the creative approaches and
interpretations that skilled qualitative researchers properly
embrace, practice, and celebrate.” (Roller & Lavrakas, 2015)
Roller & Lavrakas 8
10. Total Quality Framework
Guides the researcher with tools to think about best
practices at each stage of the research process
regardless of qualitative method.
Enables users of the research to ask how well the
research was conceptualized, implemented,
interpreted, & reported.
Empowers anyone to formulate their own conclusions
about the usefulness of the research.
Not a or but rather a degree of confidence.
Roller & Lavrakas 9
11. Total Quality Framework
Reflexivity & self-reflection
Saturation
Transparency
Verification
Transferability
Roller & Lavrakas 10
Relies heavily on important qualitative constructs:
15. Credibility has to do with data collection & the best
practices that impact complete and accurate data
collection.
Two main considerations are Scope – the representativeness
of participants to the target population – and Data Gathering
– the reliability, validity, & potential bias of our data.
For instance, non-response bias can be a problem if people
recruited don’t show up or fail to cooperate. To mitigate
this bias, the researcher needs to use techniques that help
gain cooperation from participants, such as…
Credibility is the first component of the TQF
Roller & Lavrakas 14
16. Practical matters related to recruitment – Do you
identify the sponsor? The level of personalization.
Degree of flexibility in the location or mode. Special
considerations for sensitive or stigmatizing topics.
An important consideration in Scope is determining
the number of research events – during initial design
AND in the field.
The grounded theory approach of saturation – collecting
data until no new ideas or themes emerge – doesn’t go
far enough. For example, there are at least 9 other
questions the researcher should ask in an IDI study…
Roller & Lavrakas 15
17. Roller & Lavrakas 16
10 Questions to Evaluate Interview Completions
2. Did all interviewees provide clear, unambiguous answers to key questions or issues,
or does the researcher need to go back to some interviewees for clarification?
5. Can the researcher identify the sources for variation and contradictions in the data,
and the extent of unexplained differences?
7. Do the data confirm or deny what is already known about the subject matter?
18. Roller & Lavrakas 17
Also important to Credibility is how information is obtained.
A best practice to developing guides is a funnel approach.
20. Analyzability has to do with achieving complete
and accurate analysis and interpretation of the
data.
This involves the 2 broad categories of Processing
and Verification.
Analyzability is the second component
of the TQF
Roller & Lavrakas 19
21. Processing
Changing format, usually to transcriptions
• Qualities of the transcriptionist, e.g., skills, knowledge.
Making sense of the data
• The TQF offers best practices for: selecting a unit of
analysis, code development and coding, identifying
categories and themes, drawing interpretations and
implications.
• (continued)
Roller & Lavrakas 20
22. Processing
Making sense of the data
• Computer-assisted qualitative data analysis software
(CAQDAS).
– Can be useful for organizing & visualizing codes, as well as
inter-coder reliability, but it is not sufficient.
– “We are concerned about analysis that treats words as brute
data waiting to be coded, labeled with other brute words
(and even counted)…” (St. Pierre & Jackson, 2014)
– It is the human brain, not CAQDAS, that is needed to identify
latent meaning & contextual nuances in qualitative data.
Roller & Lavrakas 21
23. Verification
Add meaning & depth to the data to better inform
researcher’s interpretations & implications.
Evidence to support &/or refute findings.
Types:
• Peer debriefings
• Triangulation
• Deviant cases
• Reflexive journal
– The reflexive journal chronicles the researcher’s
assumptions, values, & beliefs, and forces the
researcher to reflect on his/her knowledge…
Roller & Lavrakas 22
24. Roller & Lavrakas 23
What do I think I “know” from this/these participants?
How do I think I “know” it?
What assumptions did I make (what did I assume to be true) about the participant(s)?
What assumptions did I make about comments/responses to my questions?
How did my personal values, beliefs, life story, and/or social/economic status affect or
shape the questions I asked, the interjections I made, my listening skills, and/or
behavior?
Reflexive Journal Format Example
26. Transparency is concerned with the final document
– its completeness & how well it discloses details
of the study.
“In order for the outcomes of qualitative research
to be valued, the strategies used must be
transparent and open to scrutiny.” (Martin, Sadlo, & Stew,
2006)
Transparency is the third component
of the TQF
Roller & Lavrakas 25
27. The goal is to provide the user or reader of the
document with sufficient information to: judge the
strengths & limitations of the research, evaluate
his/her confidence in the outcomes, & determine
the applicability of the research to other contexts,
i.e., the transferability.
The focus in Transparency is on the rich details and
content provided by way of Thick Description.
For example, a thick description of an IDI study
should include the…
Roller & Lavrakas 26
28. Roller & Lavrakas 27
Thick Description Details for IDIs
Adequacy (i.e., comprehensiveness) of the lists (sampling frame) that
were used to represent the target population.
Failure to interview all interviewees sampled, efforts that were made
to avoid this, and possible biases or weakness this may have caused.
Field notes (e.g., note-taking procedures, examples from the field notebook).
30. Usefulness is the ultimate goal.
What can & should be done with the study now
that it has been completed? What Is It Good For?
Has the study confirmed or refuted certain
hypotheses or previously-held theories?
Has it identified knowledge gaps?
Has it offered recommendations for next steps,
action?
Has the documentation given sufficient information to
determine its transferability to other contexts?
Usefulness is the fourth component of the TQF
Roller & Lavrakas 29
31. Roller & Lavrakas 30
Qualitative psychology requires an approach that brings
greater rigor to research design without stifling the essence
of qualitative inquiry.
The Total Quality Framework (TQF) uniquely guides the
researcher by way of best practices at each research phase.
Central to the TQF is that all qualitative research must be
credible, analyzable, transparent, & ultimately useful.
TQF best practices lead to more rigorous & better quality
research, enables users of the research to evaluate their
confidence in the outcomes, & aids in writing and reviewing
dissertations, proposals, & manuscripts.
Summary
32. Roller & Lavrakas
Brinkmann, S., & Kvale, S. (2015). Interviews: Learning the craft of qualitative research
interviewing (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative inquiry & research design (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA:
Sage Publications.
Gergen, K. J., Josselson, R., & Freeman, M. (2015). The promises of qualitative inquiry.
American Psychologist, 70(1), 1-9.
Lincoln, Y. S., & Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.
Martin, M., Sadlo, G., & Stew, G. (2006). The phenomenon of boredom. Qualitative Research in
Psychology, 3(3), 193-211.
References
33. Roller & Lavrakas
Maxwell, J. A. (2013). Qualitative research design: An interactive approach (3rd ed.).
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Roller, M. R. & Lavrakas, P. J. (2015). Applied qualitative research design: A Total Quality
Framework approach. New York: Guilford Press.
St. Pierre, E. A., & Jackson, A. Y. (2014) Qualitative data analysis after coding. Qualitative Inquiry,
20(6), 715-719.
References (cont.)
34. Thank You!
Margaret R. Roller
rmr@rollerresarch.com
www.rollerresearch.com
www.researchdesignreview.com
Paul J. Lavrakas
pjlavrakas@centurylink.net